diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/error.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/error.ftl
index 676def4de..1b89aad79 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/error.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/org/apache/struts2/dispatcher/error.ftl
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@
 
 <#assign msgs = [] />
 <#list chain as ex>
-    <#if ex.message?exists>
+    <#if ex.message??>
         <#assign msgs = [ex.message] + msgs/>
     </#if>    
 </#list>
 <#assign rootex = exception/>
 <#list chain as ex>
-    <#if (ex.location?exists && (ex.location != unknown))>
+    <#if (ex.location?? && (ex.location != unknown))>
         <#assign rootloc = ex.location/>
         <#assign rootex = ex/>
     <#else>
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
             </#if>
         </td>
     </tr>
-    <#if rootloc?exists>
+    <#if rootloc??>
     <tr>
         <td><strong>File</strong>:</td>
         <td>${rootloc.URI}</td>
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
 </table>
 </div>
 
-<#if rootloc?exists>
+<#if rootloc??>
     <#assign snippet = rootloc.getSnippet(2) />
     <#if (snippet?size > 0)>
         <div id="snippet">
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/checkbox.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/checkbox.ftl
index ecb75b564..a7ffc43d3 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/checkbox.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/checkbox.ftl
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ NOTE: The 'header' stuff that follows is in this one file for checkbox due to th
 that for checkboxes we do not want the label field to show up as checkboxes handle their own
 lables
 -->
-<#assign hasFieldErrors = fieldErrors?exists && fieldErrors[parameters.name]?exists/>
-<div <#rt/><#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwgrp_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwgrp">
+<#assign hasFieldErrors = fieldErrors?? && fieldErrors[parameters.name]??/>
+<div <#rt/><#if parameters.id??>id="wwgrp_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwgrp">
 
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
-<div <#rt/><#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwerr_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwerr">
+<div <#rt/><#if parameters.id??>id="wwerr_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwerr">
 <#list fieldErrors[parameters.name] as error>
     <div<#rt/>
-    <#if parameters.id?exists>
+    <#if parameters.id??>
      errorFor="${parameters.id}"<#rt/>
     </#if>
     class="errorMessage">
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ lables
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.labelposition?default("") == 'left'>
 <span <#rt/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwlbl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwlbl">
+<#if parameters.id??>id="wwlbl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwlbl">
 <label<#t/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  for="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ lables
 <#else>
 <span <#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwctrl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwctrl">
+<#if parameters.id??>id="wwctrl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwctrl">
 
 <#if parameters.required?default(false)>
         <span class="required">*</span><#t/>
@@ -75,15 +75,15 @@ lables
 <#else>
 </span>  <#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.label?exists>
+<#if parameters.label??>
 <#if parameters.labelposition?default("top") == 'top'>
 <div <#rt/>
 <#else>
 <span <#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwlbl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwlbl">
+<#if parameters.id??>id="wwlbl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwlbl">
 <label<#t/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  for="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ lables
 >${parameters.label?html}</label><#rt/>
 </#if>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.label?exists>
+<#if parameters.label??>
 <#if parameters.labelposition?default("top") == 'top'>
 </div> <#rt/>
 <#else>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl
index e7b3bc544..c9cdf11ee 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@
 	Only show message if errors are available.
 	This will be done if ActionSupport is used.
 -->
-<#assign hasFieldErrors = parameters.name?exists && fieldErrors?exists && fieldErrors[parameters.name]?exists/> 
-<div <#rt/><#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwgrp_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwgrp">
+<#assign hasFieldErrors = parameters.name?? && fieldErrors?? && fieldErrors[parameters.name]??/>
+<div <#rt/><#if parameters.id??>id="wwgrp_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwgrp">
 	
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
-<div <#rt/><#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwerr_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwerr">
+<div <#rt/><#if parameters.id??>id="wwerr_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwerr">
 <#list fieldErrors[parameters.name] as error>
     <div<#rt/>
-    <#if parameters.id?exists>
+    <#if parameters.id??>
      errorFor="${parameters.id}"<#rt/>
     </#if>
     class="errorMessage">
@@ -41,15 +41,15 @@
 </div><#t/>
 </#if>
 
-<#if parameters.label?exists>
+<#if parameters.label??>
 <#if parameters.labelposition?default("top") == 'top'>
 <div <#rt/>
 <#else>
 <span <#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwlbl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwlbl">
+<#if parameters.id??>id="wwlbl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwlbl">
     <label <#t/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
         for="${parameters.id?html}" <#t/>
 </#if>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/controlheader.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/controlheader.ftl
index af6220644..717fd48f8 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/controlheader.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/controlheader.ftl
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@
 <#else>
 <span <#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>id="wwctrl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwctrl">
+<#if parameters.id??>id="wwctrl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/></#if> class="wwctrl">
     
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/form-validate.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/form-validate.ftl
index 3df277a24..e62cd8d99 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/form-validate.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/form-validate.ftl
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 -->
 <#if parameters.validate?default(false) == true>
 <script type="text/javascript" src="${base}/struts/css_xhtml/validation.js"></script>
-    <#if parameters.onsubmit?exists>
+    <#if parameters.onsubmit??>
         ${tag.addParameter('onsubmit', "${parameters.onsubmit}; return validateForm_${parameters.id}();")}
     <#else>
         ${tag.addParameter('onsubmit', "return validateForm_${parameters.id}();")}
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/form.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/form.ftl
index d57733743..56df8982f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/form.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/form.ftl
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 <#if (parameters.validate?default(false))>
   onreset="${parameters.onreset?default('clearErrorMessages(this);clearErrorLabels(this);')}"
 <#else>
-  <#if parameters.onreset?exists>
+  <#if parameters.onreset??>
   onreset="${parameters.onreset?html}"
   </#if>
 </#if>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/label.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/label.ftl
index fe99ad6e9..7c73dd878 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/label.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/label.ftl
@@ -23,23 +23,23 @@
 <#--include "/${parameters.templateDir}/css_xhtml/controlheader.ftl" /-->
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/${parameters.theme}/controlheader.ftl" />
 <label<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.for?exists>
+<#if parameters.for??>
  for="${parameters.for?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 ><#rt/>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
 <@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/><#t/>
 </#if>
 &nbsp;
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/reset.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/reset.ftl
index ea16e7a0a..790bcfc04 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/reset.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/reset.ftl
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
 <#else>
 <span <#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.align?exists>
+<#if parameters.align??>
     align="${parameters.align?html}"<#t/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
     id="wwctrl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 ><#t/>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/submit.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/submit.ftl
index 17254024d..68b2a9c91 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/submit.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/css_xhtml/submit.ftl
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@
 <#else>
 <span <#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.align?exists>
+<#if parameters.align??>
     align="${parameters.align?html}"<#t/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
     id="wwctrl_${parameters.id}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 ><#t/>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/a.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/a.ftl
index 1cf46b87f..c0a770fc8 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/a.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/a.ftl
@@ -27,16 +27,16 @@
 <#if parameters.href?if_exists != "">
  href="${parameters.href}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/actionerror.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/actionerror.ftl
index 8e5381e8a..a8048a21b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/actionerror.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/actionerror.ftl
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if (actionErrors?exists && actionErrors?size > 0)>
+<#if (actionErrors?? && actionErrors?size > 0)>
 	<ul>
 	<#list actionErrors as error>
 		<li><span<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 <#else>
  class="errorMessage"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 >${error!}</span></li>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/actionmessage.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/actionmessage.ftl
index 56357ba6a..cfb36814a 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/actionmessage.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/actionmessage.ftl
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if (actionMessages?exists && actionMessages?size > 0)>
+<#if (actionMessages?? && actionMessages?size > 0)>
 	<ul>
 		<#list actionMessages as message>
 			<li><span<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 <#else>
  class="actionMessage"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 >${message!}</span></li>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/checkbox.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/checkbox.ftl
index 1d0a780e8..bcc18e57e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/checkbox.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/checkbox.ftl
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
  */
 -->
 <input type="checkbox" name="${parameters.name?html}" value="${parameters.fieldValue?html}"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists && parameters.nameValue>
+<#if parameters.nameValue?? && parameters.nameValue>
  checked="checked"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
@@ -30,14 +30,14 @@
 <#if parameters.readonly?default(false)>
  readonly="readonly"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/css.ftl" />
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/checkboxlist.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/checkboxlist.ftl
index 6f6619dde..2b209d5c9 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/checkboxlist.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/checkboxlist.ftl
@@ -21,15 +21,15 @@
  */
 -->
 <#assign itemCount = 0/>
-<#if parameters.list?exists>
+<#if parameters.list??>
     <@s.iterator value="parameters.list">
         <#assign itemCount = itemCount + 1/>
-        <#if parameters.listKey?exists>
+        <#if parameters.listKey??>
             <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue(parameters.listKey)/>
         <#else>
             <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue('top')/>
         </#if>
-        <#if parameters.listValue?exists>
+        <#if parameters.listValue??>
             <#assign itemValue = stack.findString(parameters.listValue)?default("")/>
         <#else>
             <#assign itemValue = stack.findString('top')/>
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
         <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
  disabled="disabled"<#rt/>
         </#if>
-        <#if parameters.title?exists>
+        <#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
         </#if>
         <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/combobox.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/combobox.ftl
index ecd50e02b..16015bac0 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/combobox.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/combobox.ftl
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 -->
 <script type="text/javascript">
 	function autoPopulate_${parameters.escapedId?html}(targetElement) {
-		<#if parameters.headerKey?exists && parameters.headerValue?exists>
+		<#if parameters.headerKey?? && parameters.headerValue??>
 		if (targetElement.options[targetElement.selectedIndex].value == '${parameters.headerKey?html}') {
 			return;
 		}
@@ -37,25 +37,25 @@
 </script>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/text.ftl" />
 <br />
-<#if parameters.list?exists>
+<#if parameters.list??>
 <select onChange="autoPopulate_${parameters.escapedId?html}(this);"<#rt/>
     <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
  disabled="disabled"<#rt/>
     </#if>
 >
-	<#if (parameters.headerKey?exists && parameters.headerValue?exists)>
+	<#if (parameters.headerKey?? && parameters.headerValue??)>
 		<option value="${parameters.headerKey?html}">${parameters.headerValue?html}</option>
 	</#if>
 	<#if parameters.emptyOption?default(false)>
 	    <option value=""></option>
 	</#if>
     <@s.iterator value="parameters.list">
-    <#if parameters.listKey?exists>
+    <#if parameters.listKey??>
     	<#assign tmpListKey = stack.findString(parameters.listKey) />
     <#else>
     	<#assign tmpListKey = stack.findString('top') />
     </#if>
-    <#if parameters.listValue?exists>
+    <#if parameters.listValue??>
     	<#assign tmpListValue = stack.findString(parameters.listValue) />
     <#else>
     	<#assign tmpListValue = stack.findString('top') />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/common-attributes.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/common-attributes.ftl
index 5e3bf0f90..605665475 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/common-attributes.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/common-attributes.ftl
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if parameters.accesskey?exists>
+<#if parameters.accesskey??>
  accesskey="${parameters.accesskey?html}" 
 </#if>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/css.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/css.ftl
index 0229ce992..6623c1db3 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/css.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/css.ftl
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#assign hasFieldErrors = parameters.name?exists && fieldErrors?exists && fieldErrors[parameters.name]?exists/>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists && !(hasFieldErrors && parameters.cssErrorClass?exists)>
+<#assign hasFieldErrors = parameters.name?? && fieldErrors?? && fieldErrors[parameters.name]??/>
+<#if parameters.cssClass?? && !(hasFieldErrors && parameters.cssErrorClass??)>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
-<#elseif parameters.cssClass?exists && (hasFieldErrors && parameters.cssErrorClass?exists)>
+<#elseif parameters.cssClass?? && (hasFieldErrors && parameters.cssErrorClass??)>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html} ${parameters.cssErrorClass?html}"<#rt/>
-<#elseif !(parameters.cssClass?exists) && (hasFieldErrors && parameters.cssErrorClass?exists)>
+<#elseif !(parameters.cssClass??) && (hasFieldErrors && parameters.cssErrorClass??)>
  class="${parameters.cssErrorClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists && !(hasFieldErrors && (parameters.cssErrorStyle?exists || parameters.cssErrorClass?exists))>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle?? && !(hasFieldErrors && (parameters.cssErrorStyle?? || parameters.cssErrorClass??))>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
-<#elseif hasFieldErrors && parameters.cssErrorStyle?exists>
+<#elseif hasFieldErrors && parameters.cssErrorStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssErrorStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/debug.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/debug.ftl
index 1664bc381..821ba0f67 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/debug.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/debug.ftl
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
         <#list stackObject.value.keySet() as propertyName>
             <#if renderRow==true></tr><tr><#else> <#assign renderRow=false> </#if>
             <td bgcolor="<#if (index % 2) == 0>#BBBBBB<#else>#CCCCCC</#if>">${propertyName}</td>
-            <td bgcolor="<#if (index % 2) == 0>#BBBBBB<#else>#CCCCCC</#if>"><#if stackObject.value.get(propertyName)?exists>${stackObject.value.get(propertyName).toString()?html}<#else>null</#if></td>
+            <td bgcolor="<#if (index % 2) == 0>#BBBBBB<#else>#CCCCCC</#if>"><#if stackObject.value.get(propertyName)??>${stackObject.value.get(propertyName).toString()?html}<#else>null</#if></td>
     </tr>
             <#assign index= index + 1>
         </#list>
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
     <#assign index=1>
     <#list stack.context.keySet() as contextKey>
     <tr bgcolor="<#if (index % 2) == 0>#BBBBBB<#else>#CCCCCC</#if>">
-        <td>${contextKey}</td><td><#if stack.context.get(contextKey)?exists>${stack.context.get(contextKey).toString()?html}<#else>null</#if></td>
+        <td>${contextKey}</td><td><#if stack.context.get(contextKey)??>${stack.context.get(contextKey).toString()?html}<#else>null</#if></td>
     </tr>
         <#assign index= index + 1>
     </#list>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/div.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/div.ftl
index 068fa8c92..1487824b5 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/div.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/div.ftl
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@
  */
 -->
 <div
-    <#if parameters.id?exists>               id="${parameters.id?html}"         </#if>
-    <#if parameters.name?exists>             name="${parameters.name?html}"         </#if>
-    <#if parameters.cssClass?exists>         class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"    </#if>
-    <#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>         style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"    </#if>
-    <#if parameters.title?exists>            title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
+    <#if parameters.id??>               id="${parameters.id?html}"         </#if>
+    <#if parameters.name??>             name="${parameters.name?html}"         </#if>
+    <#if parameters.cssClass??>         class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"    </#if>
+    <#if parameters.cssStyle??>         style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"    </#if>
+    <#if parameters.title??>            title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
         </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/common-attributes.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/doubleselect.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/doubleselect.ftl
index 8b750035b..a13f4e033 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/doubleselect.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/doubleselect.ftl
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 -->
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/select.ftl" />
 <#assign startCount = 0/>
-<#if parameters.headerKey?exists && parameters.headerValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.headerKey?? && parameters.headerValue??>
     <#assign startCount = startCount + 1/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.emptyOption?exists>
+<#if parameters.emptyOption??>
     <#assign startCount = startCount + 1/>
 </#if>
 
@@ -35,25 +35,25 @@
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
  disabled="disabled"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.doubleTabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.doubleTabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.doubleTabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.doubleId?exists>
+<#if parameters.doubleId??>
  id="${parameters.doubleId?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.doubleCss?exists>
+<#if parameters.doubleCss??>
  class="${parameters.doubleCss?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.doubleStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.doubleStyle??>
  style="${parameters.doubleStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.multiple?default(false)>
  multiple="multiple"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.get("doubleSize")?exists>
+<#if parameters.get("doubleSize")??>
  size="${parameters.get("doubleSize")?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.doubleMultiple?default(false)>
@@ -68,25 +68,25 @@
     ${parameters.id}Group[i] = new Array();
 
 <@s.iterator value="parameters.list">
-    <#if parameters.listKey?exists>
+    <#if parameters.listKey??>
         <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue(parameters.listKey)/>
     <#else>
         <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue('top')/>
     </#if>
-    <#if parameters.listValue?exists>
+    <#if parameters.listValue??>
         <#assign itemValue = stack.findString(parameters.listValue)/>
     <#else>
         <#assign itemValue = stack.findString('top')/>
     </#if>
     <#assign doubleItemCount = 0/>
     <@s.iterator value="${parameters.doubleList}">
-        <#if parameters.doubleListKey?exists>
+        <#if parameters.doubleListKey??>
             <#assign doubleItemKey = stack.findValue(parameters.doubleListKey)/>
         <#else>
             <#assign doubleItemKey = stack.findValue('top')/>
         </#if>
         <#assign doubleItemKeyStr = doubleItemKey.toString() />
-        <#if parameters.doubleListValue?exists>
+        <#if parameters.doubleListValue??>
             <#assign doubleItemValue = stack.findString(parameters.doubleListValue)/>
         <#else>
             <#assign doubleItemValue = stack.findString('top')/>
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 <#assign itemCount = startCount/>
 <#assign redirectTo = 0/>
 <@s.iterator value="parameters.list">
-    <#if parameters.listKey?exists>
+    <#if parameters.listKey??>
         <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue(parameters.listKey)/>
     <#else>
         <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue('top')/>
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
 
         for (i = 0; i < ${parameters.id}Group[x].length; i++) {
             ${parameters.id}Temp.options[i] = new Option(${parameters.id}Group[x][i].text, ${parameters.id}Group[x][i].value);
-            <#if parameters.doubleNameValue?exists>
+            <#if parameters.doubleNameValue??>
             	if (${parameters.id}Temp.options[i].value == '${parameters.doubleNameValue}') {
             		${parameters.id}Temp.options[i].selected = true;
             		selected = true;
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl
index 42aab7973..d21c54258 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if (parameters.dynamicAttributes?exists && parameters.dynamicAttributes?size > 0)><#t/>
+<#if (parameters.dynamicAttributes?? && parameters.dynamicAttributes?size > 0)><#t/>
     <#assign aKeys = parameters.dynamicAttributes.keySet()><#t/>
     <#list aKeys as aKey><#t/>
  ${aKey}="${parameters.dynamicAttributes[aKey]?html}"<#rt/>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/fielderror.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/fielderror.ftl
index 651a9b162..cfba98152 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/fielderror.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/fielderror.ftl
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if fieldErrors?exists><#t/>
+<#if fieldErrors??><#t/>
 <#assign eKeys = fieldErrors.keySet()><#t/>
 <#assign eKeysSize = eKeys.size()><#t/>
 <#assign doneStartUlTag=false><#t/>
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@
 			</#if><#t/>
 			<#list eValue as eEachValue><#t/>
 				<li><span<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 <#else>
  class="errorMessage"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 >${eEachValue}</span></li>
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@
 				<#assign eValue = fieldErrors[eKey]><#t/>
 				<#list eValue as eEachValue><#t/>
 					<li><span<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 <#else>
  class="errorMessage"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 >${eEachValue}</span></li>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/file.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/file.ftl
index 045fe6fcd..22dff7ad8 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/file.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/file.ftl
@@ -22,26 +22,26 @@
 -->
 <input type="file"<#rt/>
  name="${parameters.name?default("")?html}"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.get("size")?exists>
+<#if parameters.get("size")??>
  size="${parameters.get("size")?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
  value="<@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/>"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
  disabled="disabled"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.accept?exists>
+<#if parameters.accept??>
  accept="${parameters.accept?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/css.ftl" />
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form-close.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form-close.ftl
index 11140c03c..360eef98a 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form-close.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form-close.ftl
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 		StrutsUtils.addEventListener(containingForm, "submit", 
 			function(evt) {
 				var selectObj = document.getElementById("${selectObjectId}");
-				<#if parameters.optiontransferselectIds.get(selectObjectId)?exists>
+				<#if parameters.optiontransferselectIds.get(selectObjectId)??>
 					<#assign selectTagHeaderKey = parameters.optiontransferselectIds.get(selectObjectId)/>
 					selectAllOptionsExceptSome(selectObj, "key", "${selectTagHeaderKey}");
 				<#else>
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 		StrutsUtils.addEventListener(containingForm, "submit",
 			function(evt) {
 				var selectObj = document.getElementById("${selectObjectId}");
-				<#if parameters.inputtransferselectIds.get(selectObjectId)?exists>
+				<#if parameters.inputtransferselectIds.get(selectObjectId)??>
 					<#assign selectTagHeaderKey = parameters.inputtransferselectIds.get(selectObjectId)/>
 					selectAllOptionsExceptSome(selectObj, "key", "${selectTagHeaderKey}");
 				<#else>
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 		StrutsUtils.addEventListener(containingForm, "submit", 
 			function(evt) {
 				var selectObj = document.getElementById("${selectObjId}");
-				<#if parameters.optiontransferselectDoubleIds.get(selectObjId)?exists>
+				<#if parameters.optiontransferselectDoubleIds.get(selectObjId)??>
 					<#assign selectTagHeaderKey = parameters.optiontransferselectDoubleIds.get(selectObjId)/>
 					selectAllOptionsExceptSome(selectObj, "key", "${selectTagHeaderKey}");
 				<#else>
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 		StrutsUtils.addEventListener(containingForm, "submit", 
 			function(evt) {
 				var updownselectObj = document.getElementById("${tmpId}");
-				<#if parameters.updownselectIds.get(tmpId)?exists>
+				<#if parameters.updownselectIds.get(tmpId)??>
 					<#assign tmpHeaderKey = parameters.updownselectIds.get(tmpId) />
 					selectAllOptionsExceptSome(updownselectObj, "key", "${tmpHeaderKey}");
 				<#else>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form-common.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form-common.ftl
index 6bfc9ff68..a9c361507 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form-common.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form-common.ftl
@@ -21,49 +21,49 @@
  */
 -->
 <#if (parameters.validate?default(false) == false)><#rt/>
-    <#if parameters.onsubmit?exists><#rt/>
+    <#if parameters.onsubmit??><#rt/>
         ${tag.addParameter('onsubmit', "${parameters.onsubmit}; return true;") }
     <#else>
         ${tag.addParameter('onsubmit', "return true;") }
     </#if>
 </#if>
 <form<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.name?exists>
+<#if parameters.name??>
  name="${parameters.name?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onsubmit?exists>
+<#if parameters.onsubmit??>
  onsubmit="${parameters.onsubmit?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onreset?exists>
+<#if parameters.onreset??>
  onsubmit="${parameters.onreset?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.action?exists>
+<#if parameters.action??>
  action="${parameters.action?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.target?exists>
+<#if parameters.target??>
  target="${parameters.target?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.method?exists>
+<#if parameters.method??>
  method="${parameters.method?html}"<#rt/>
 <#else>
  method="post"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.enctype?exists>
+<#if parameters.enctype??>
  enctype="${parameters.enctype?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.acceptcharset?exists>
+<#if parameters.acceptcharset??>
  accept-charset="${parameters.acceptcharset?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl" />
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form.ftl
index 39617f189..5f82ba5ef 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/form.ftl
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
  */
 -->
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/form-common.ftl" />
-<#if parameters.onreset?exists>
+<#if parameters.onreset??>
  onreset="${parameters.onreset?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 >
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/hidden.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/hidden.ftl
index 3a6d38f2a..403cbfb90 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/hidden.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/hidden.ftl
@@ -22,16 +22,16 @@
 -->
 <input type="hidden"<#rt/>
  name="${parameters.name?default("")?html}"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
  value="<@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/>"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/inputtransferselect.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/inputtransferselect.ftl
index 505467fdf..d80824c65 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/inputtransferselect.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/inputtransferselect.ftl
@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if !stack.findValue("#inputtransferselect_js_included")?exists><#t/>
+<#if !stack.findValue("#inputtransferselect_js_included")??><#t/>
 	<script type="text/javascript" src="<@s.url value="/struts/inputtransferselect.js" encode='false' includeParams='none'/>"></script>
 	<#assign temporaryVariable = stack.setValue("#inputtransferselect_js_included", "true") /><#t/>
 </#if><#t/>
 <table border="0">
 <tr>
 <td>
-<#if parameters.leftTitle?exists><#t/>
+<#if parameters.leftTitle??><#t/>
 	<label for="leftTitle">${parameters.leftTitle}</label><br />
 </#if><#t/>
 
@@ -40,19 +40,19 @@
 <#if parameters.readonly?default(false)>
  readonly="readonly"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}_input"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
@@ -64,57 +64,57 @@
 <td valign="middle" align="center">
 	<#assign addLabel=parameters.addLabel?default("->")?html /><#t/>
 	<input type="button"
-		<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+		<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 		 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}"
 		</#if><#t/>
-		<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists>
+		<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??>
 		 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 		</#if><#t/>
 		 value="${addLabel}" onclick="addOption(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}_input'), document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'))" /><br /><br />
 	<#t/>
 	<#assign removeLabel=parameters.removeLabel?default("<-")?html /><#t/>
 	<input type="button"
-  		<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+  		<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 		 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}"
 		</#if><#t/>
-		<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists>
+		<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??>
 		 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 		</#if><#t/>
 		 value="${removeLabel}" onclick="removeOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'))" /><br /><br />
 	<#t/>
 	<#assign removeAllLabel=parameters.removeAllLabel?default("<<--")?html /><#t/>
 	<input type="button"
-	    		<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+	    		<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 		 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}"
 		</#if><#t/>
-		<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists>
+		<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??>
 		 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 		</#if><#t/>
 		 value="${removeAllLabel}" onclick="removeAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'))" /><br /><br />
 </td>
 <td>
-<#if parameters.rightTitle?exists><#t/>
+<#if parameters.rightTitle??><#t/>
 	<label for="rightTitle">${parameters.rightTitle}</label><br />
 </#if><#t/>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/select.ftl" />
 <#if parameters.allowUpDown?default(true)>
 <input type="button" 
-<#if parameters.headerKey?exists>
+<#if parameters.headerKey??>
 	onclick="moveOptionDown(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '${parameters.headerKey}');"
 <#else>
 	onclick="moveOptionDown(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '');"
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.downLabel?exists>
+<#if parameters.downLabel??>
 	value="${parameters.downLabel?html}"
 </#if>
 />
 <input type="button" 
-<#if parameters.headerKey?exists>
+<#if parameters.headerKey??>
 	onclick="moveOptionUp(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '${parameters.headerKey}');"
 <#else>
 	onclick="moveOptionUp(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '');"
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.upLabel?exists>
+<#if parameters.upLabel??>
 	value="${parameters.upLabel?html}"
 </#if>
 />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/label.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/label.ftl
index 6d8c56edd..ff3c0e031 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/label.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/label.ftl
@@ -21,25 +21,25 @@
  */
 -->
 <label<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.for?exists>
+<#if parameters.for??>
  for="${parameters.for?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/common-attributes.ftl" />
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl" />
 ><#rt/>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
 <@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/><#t/>
 </#if>
 </label>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/optgroup.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/optgroup.ftl
index b0d56a549..94afd6ce3 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/optgroup.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/optgroup.ftl
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if parameters.optGroupInternalListUiBeanList?exists>
+<#if parameters.optGroupInternalListUiBeanList??>
 <#assign optGroupInternalListUiBeans=parameters.optGroupInternalListUiBeanList />
 <#list optGroupInternalListUiBeans as optGroupInternalListUiBean>
 <optgroup 
-	<#if optGroupInternalListUiBean.parameters.label?exists>
+	<#if optGroupInternalListUiBean.parameters.label??>
 	label="${optGroupInternalListUiBean.parameters.label}"
 	</#if>
 	<#if optGroupInternalListUiBean.parameters.disabled?default(false)>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/optiontransferselect.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/optiontransferselect.ftl
index fd9c675a2..ce30b7377 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/optiontransferselect.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/optiontransferselect.ftl
@@ -20,27 +20,27 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if !stack.findValue("#optiontransferselect_js_included")?exists><#t/>
+<#if !stack.findValue("#optiontransferselect_js_included")??><#t/>
 	<script type="text/javascript" src="<@s.url value="/struts/optiontransferselect.js" encode='false' includeParams='none'/>"></script>
 	<#assign temporaryVariable = stack.setValue("#optiontransferselect_js_included", "true") /><#t/>
 </#if><#t/>
 <table border="0">
 <tr>
 <td>
-<#if parameters.leftTitle?exists><#t/>
+<#if parameters.leftTitle??><#t/>
 	<label for="leftTitle">${parameters.leftTitle}</label><br />
 </#if><#t/>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/select.ftl" /> 
 <#if parameters.allowUpDownOnLeft?default(true)>
 <input type="button" 
-	onclick="moveOptionDown(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', <#if parameters.headerKey?exists>'${parameters.headerKey}'<#else>''</#if>);<#if parameters.upDownOnLeftOnclick?has_content>${parameters.upDownOnLeftOnclick};</#if>"
-<#if parameters.leftDownLabel?exists>
+	onclick="moveOptionDown(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', <#if parameters.headerKey??>'${parameters.headerKey}'<#else>''</#if>);<#if parameters.upDownOnLeftOnclick?has_content>${parameters.upDownOnLeftOnclick};</#if>"
+<#if parameters.leftDownLabel??>
 	value="${parameters.leftDownLabel?html}"
 </#if>
 />
 <input type="button"
-	onclick="moveOptionUp(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', <#if parameters.headerKey?exists>'${parameters.headerKey}'<#else>''</#if>);<#if parameters.upDownOnLeftOnclick?has_content>${parameters.upDownOnLeftOnclick};</#if>"
-<#if parameters.leftUpLabel?exists>
+	onclick="moveOptionUp(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', <#if parameters.headerKey??>'${parameters.headerKey}'<#else>''</#if>);<#if parameters.upDownOnLeftOnclick?has_content>${parameters.upDownOnLeftOnclick};</#if>"
+<#if parameters.leftUpLabel??>
 	value="${parameters.leftUpLabel?html}"
 </#if>
 />
@@ -50,21 +50,21 @@
 <td valign="middle" align="center">
 	<#if parameters.allowAddToLeft?default(true)><#t/>
 		<#assign addToLeftLabel = parameters.addToLeftLabel?default("<-")?html/><#t/>
-		<#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey?exists><#t/>
+		<#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey??><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${addToLeftLabel}" onclick="moveSelectedOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), false, '${parameters.doubleHeaderKey}', '');<#if parameters.addToLeftOnclick?has_content>${parameters.addToLeftOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
 		<#else><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${addToLeftLabel}" onclick="moveSelectedOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), false, '');<#if parameters.addToLeftOnclick?has_content>${parameters.addToLeftOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
@@ -72,21 +72,21 @@
 	</#if><#t/>
 	<#if parameters.allowAddToRight?default(true)><#t/>
 		<#assign addToRightLabel=parameters.addToRightLabel?default("->")?html /><#t/>
-		<#if parameters.headerKey?exists><#t/>
+		<#if parameters.headerKey??><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${addToRightLabel}" onclick="moveSelectedOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), false, '${parameters.headerKey}', '');<#if parameters.addToRightOnclick?has_content>${parameters.addToRightOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
 		<#else><#t/>
 			<input type="button"
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${addToRightLabel}" onclick="moveSelectedOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), false, '');<#if parameters.addToRightOnclick?has_content>${parameters.addToRightOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
@@ -94,21 +94,21 @@
 	</#if><#t/>
 	<#if parameters.allowAddAllToLeft?default(true)><#t/>
 		<#assign addAllToLeftLabel=parameters.addAllToLeftLabel?default("<<--")?html /><#t/>
-		<#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey?exists><#t/>
+		<#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey??><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass}"
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${addAllToLeftLabel}" onclick="moveAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), false, '${parameters.doubleHeaderKey}', '');<#if parameters.addAllToLeftOnclick?has_content>${parameters.addAllToLeftOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
 		<#else><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${addAllToLeftLabel}" onclick="moveAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), false, '');<#if parameters.addAllToLeftOnclick?has_content>${parameters.addAllToLeftOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
@@ -116,21 +116,21 @@
 	</#if><#t/>
 	<#if parameters.allowAddAllToRight?default(true)><#t/>
 		<#assign addAllToRightLabel=parameters.addAllToRightLabel?default("-->>")?html /><#t/>
-		<#if parameters.headerKey?exists><#t/>
+		<#if parameters.headerKey??><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${addAllToRightLabel}" onclick="moveAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), false, '${parameters.headerKey}', '');<#if parameters.addAllToRightOnclick?has_content>${parameters.addAllToRightOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />	
 		<#else><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${addAllToRightLabel}" onclick="moveAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), false, '');<#if parameters.addAllToRightOnclick?has_content>${parameters.addAllToRightOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />	
@@ -138,39 +138,39 @@
 	</#if><#t/>
 	<#if parameters.allowSelectAll?default(true)><#t/>
 		<#assign selectAllLabel=parameters.selectAllLabel?default("<*>")?html /><#t/>
-		<#if parameters.headerKey?exists && parameters.doubleHeaderKey?exists><#t/>
+		<#if parameters.headerKey?? && parameters.doubleHeaderKey??><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${selectAllLabel}" onclick="selectAllOptionsExceptSome(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), 'key', '${parameters.headerKey}');selectAllOptionsExceptSome(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), 'key', '${parameters.doubleHeaderKey}');<#if parameters.selectAllOnclick?has_content>${parameters.selectAllOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
-		<#elseif parameters.headerKey?exists><#t/>
+		<#elseif parameters.headerKey??><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${selectAllLabel}" onclick="selectAllOptionsExceptSome(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'), 'key', '${parameters.headerKey}');selectAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'));<#if parameters.selectAllOnclick?has_content>${parameters.selectAllOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
-		<#elseif parameters.doubleHeaderKey?exists><#t/>
+		<#elseif parameters.doubleHeaderKey??><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${selectAllLabel}" onclick="selectAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'));selectAllOptionsExceptSome(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'), 'key', '${parameters.doubleHeaderKey}');<#if parameters.selectAllOnclick?has_content>${parameters.selectAllOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
 		<#else><#t/>
 			<input type="button" 
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssClass??><#t/>
 			 class="${parameters.buttonCssClass?html}" 
 			</#if><#t/>
-			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle?exists><#t/>
+			<#if parameters.buttonCssStyle??><#t/>
 			 style="${parameters.buttonCssStyle?html}"
 			</#if><#t/>
 			 value="${selectAllLabel}" onclick="selectAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id?html}'));selectAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId?html}'));<#if parameters.selectAllOnclick?has_content>${parameters.selectAllOnclick};</#if>" /><br /><br />
@@ -178,12 +178,12 @@
 	</#if><#t/>
 </td>
 <td>
-<#if parameters.rightTitle?exists><#t/>
+<#if parameters.rightTitle??><#t/>
 	<label for="rightTitle">${parameters.rightTitle}</label><br />
 </#if><#t/>
 <select 
 	name="${parameters.doubleName?default("")?html}"
-	<#if parameters.get("doubleSize")?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.get("doubleSize")??><#t/>
 	size="${parameters.get("doubleSize")?html}"		
 	</#if><#t/>
 	<#if parameters.doubleDisabled?default(false)><#t/>
@@ -192,75 +192,75 @@
 	<#if parameters.doubleMultiple?default(false)><#t/>
 	multiple="multiple"
 	</#if><#t/>
-	<#if parameters.doubleTabindex?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.doubleTabindex??><#t/>
 	tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"
 	</#if><#t/>
-	<#if parameters.doubleId?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.doubleId??><#t/>
 	id="${parameters.doubleId?html}"
 	</#if><#t/>
-	<#if parameters.doubleCss?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.doubleCss??><#t/>
 	class="${parameters.doubleCss?html}"
 	</#if><#t/>
-	<#if parameters.doubleStyle?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.doubleStyle??><#t/>
 	style="${parameters.doubleStyle?html}"
 	</#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnclick?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnclick??><#t/>
     onclick="${parameters.doubleOnclick?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOndblclick?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOndblclick??><#t/>
     ondblclick="${parameters.doubleOndblclick?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnmousedown?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnmousedown??><#t/>
     onmousedown="${parameters.doubleOnmousedown?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnmouseup?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnmouseup??><#t/>
     onmouseup="${parameters.doubleMnmouseup?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnmousemove?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnmousemove??><#t/>
     onmousemove="${parameters.doubleOnmousemove?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnmouseout?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnmouseout??><#t/>
     onmouseout="${parameters.doubleOnmouseout?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnfocus?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnfocus??><#t/>
     onfocus="${parameters.doubleOnfocus?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnblur?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnblur??><#t/>
     onblur="${parameters.doubleOnblur?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnkeypress?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnkeypress??><#t/>
     onkeypress="${parameters.doubleOnkeypress?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnKeydown?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnKeydown??><#t/>
     onkeydown="${parameters.doubleOnkeydown?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnkeyup?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnkeyup??><#t/>
     onkeyup="${parameters.doubleOnkeyup?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnselect?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnselect??><#t/>
     onselect="${parameters.doubleOnselect?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleOnchange?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleOnchange??><#t/>
     onchange="${parameters.doubleOnchange?html}"
     </#if><#t/>
-    <#if parameters.doubleAccesskey?exists><#t/>
+    <#if parameters.doubleAccesskey??><#t/>
     accesskey="${parameters.doubleAccesskey?html}"
     </#if>
 >
-	<#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey?exists && parameters.doubleHeaderValue?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey?? && parameters.doubleHeaderValue??><#t/>
     <option value="${parameters.doubleHeaderKey?html}">${parameters.doubleHeaderValue?html}</option>
 	</#if><#t/>
 	<#if parameters.doubleEmptyOption?default(false)><#t/>
     <option value=""></option>
 	</#if><#t/>
 	<@s.iterator value="parameters.doubleList"><#t/>
-        <#if parameters.doubleListKey?exists><#t/>
+        <#if parameters.doubleListKey??><#t/>
             <#assign doubleItemKey = stack.findValue(parameters.doubleListKey) /><#t/>
         <#else><#t/>
             <#assign doubleItemKey = stack.findValue('top') /><#t/>
         </#if><#t/>
         <#assign doubleItemKeyStr = doubleItemKey.toString() /><#t/>
-        <#if parameters.doubleListValue?exists><#t/>
+        <#if parameters.doubleListValue??><#t/>
             <#assign doubleItemValue = stack.findString(parameters.doubleListValue)!"" /><#t/>
         <#else><#t/>
             <#assign doubleItemValue = stack.findString('top') /><#t/>
@@ -274,14 +274,14 @@
 </select>
 <#if parameters.allowUpDownOnRight?default(true)>
 <input type="button" 
-	onclick="moveOptionDown(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId}'), 'key', <#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey?exists>'${parameters.doubleHeaderKey}'<#else>''</#if>);<#if parameters.upDownOnRightOnclick?has_content>${parameters.upDownOnRightOnclick};</#if>"
-<#if parameters.rightDownLabel?exists>
+	onclick="moveOptionDown(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId}'), 'key', <#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey??>'${parameters.doubleHeaderKey}'<#else>''</#if>);<#if parameters.upDownOnRightOnclick?has_content>${parameters.upDownOnRightOnclick};</#if>"
+<#if parameters.rightDownLabel??>
 	value="${parameters.rightDownLabel?html}"
 </#if>
 />
 <input type="button" 
-	onclick="moveOptionUp(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId}'), 'key', <#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey?exists>'${parameters.doubleHeaderKey}'<#else>''</#if>);<#if parameters.upDownOnRightOnclick?has_content>${parameters.upDownOnRightOnclick};</#if>"
-<#if parameters.rightUpLabel?exists>
+	onclick="moveOptionUp(document.getElementById('${parameters.doubleId}'), 'key', <#if parameters.doubleHeaderKey??>'${parameters.doubleHeaderKey}'<#else>''</#if>);<#if parameters.upDownOnRightOnclick?has_content>${parameters.upDownOnRightOnclick};</#if>"
+<#if parameters.rightUpLabel??>
 	value="${parameters.rightUpLabel?html}"
 </#if>
 />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/password.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/password.ftl
index 64b699a40..6b99d6a9f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/password.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/password.ftl
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@
 -->
 <input type="password"<#rt/>
  name="${parameters.name?default("")?html}"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.get("size")?exists>
+<#if parameters.get("size")??>
  size="${parameters.get("size")?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.maxlength?exists>
+<#if parameters.maxlength??>
  maxlength="${parameters.maxlength?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists && parameters.showPassword?default(false)>
+<#if parameters.nameValue?? && parameters.showPassword?default(false)>
  value="<@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/>"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@
 <#if parameters.readonly?default(false)>
  readonly="readonly"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/css.ftl" />
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/radiomap.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/radiomap.ftl
index 41f30da3d..b343a6f6b 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/radiomap.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/radiomap.ftl
@@ -21,41 +21,41 @@
  */
 -->
 <@s.iterator value="parameters.list">
-    <#if parameters.listKey?exists>
+    <#if parameters.listKey??>
         <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue(parameters.listKey)/>
     <#else>
         <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue('top')/>
     </#if>
     <#assign itemKeyStr = itemKey.toString() />
-    <#if parameters.listValue?exists>
+    <#if parameters.listValue??>
         <#assign itemValue = stack.findString(parameters.listValue)/>
     <#else>
         <#assign itemValue = stack.findString('top')/>
     </#if>
 <input type="radio"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.name?exists>
+<#if parameters.name??>
  name="${parameters.name?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
  id="${parameters.id?html}${itemKeyStr?html}"<#rt/>
 <#if tag.contains(parameters.nameValue?default(''), itemKeyStr)>
  checked="checked"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if itemKey?exists>
+<#if itemKey??>
  value="${itemKeyStr?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
  disabled="disabled"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/reset.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/reset.ftl
index 2bf9ba918..2a509737f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/reset.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/reset.ftl
@@ -20,39 +20,39 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if parameters.type?exists && parameters.type=="button">
+<#if parameters.type?? && parameters.type=="button">
 <button type="reset"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.name?exists>
+<#if parameters.name??>
  name="${parameters.name?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
  value="<@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/>"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl"/>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/common-attributes.ftl" />
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl" />
-><#if parameters.label?exists><@s.property value="parameters.label"/><#rt/></#if></button>
+><#if parameters.label??><@s.property value="parameters.label"/><#rt/></#if></button>
 <#else>
 <input type="reset"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.name?exists>
+<#if parameters.name??>
  name="${parameters.name?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
  value="<@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/>"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/scripting-events.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/scripting-events.ftl
index 3b604b92c..c998e6172 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/scripting-events.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/scripting-events.ftl
@@ -20,45 +20,45 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if parameters.onclick?exists>
+<#if parameters.onclick??>
  onclick="${parameters.onclick?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.ondblclick?exists>
+<#if parameters.ondblclick??>
  ondblclick="${parameters.ondblclick?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onmousedown?exists>
+<#if parameters.onmousedown??>
  onmousedown="${parameters.onmousedown?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onmouseup?exists>
+<#if parameters.onmouseup??>
  onmouseup="${parameters.onmouseup?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onmouseover?exists>
+<#if parameters.onmouseover??>
  onmouseover="${parameters.onmouseover?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onmousemove?exists>
+<#if parameters.onmousemove??>
  onmousemove="${parameters.onmousemove?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onmouseout?exists>
+<#if parameters.onmouseout??>
  onmouseout="${parameters.onmouseout?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onfocus?exists>
+<#if parameters.onfocus??>
  onfocus="${parameters.onfocus?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onblur?exists>
+<#if parameters.onblur??>
  onblur="${parameters.onblur?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onkeypress?exists>
+<#if parameters.onkeypress??>
  onkeypress="${parameters.onkeypress?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onkeydown?exists>
+<#if parameters.onkeydown??>
  onkeydown="${parameters.onkeydown?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onkeyup?exists>
+<#if parameters.onkeyup??>
  onkeyup="${parameters.onkeyup?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onselect?exists>
+<#if parameters.onselect??>
  onselect="${parameters.onselect?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.onchange?exists>
+<#if parameters.onchange??>
  onchange="${parameters.onchange?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/select.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/select.ftl
index 00dcd5c07..1ec2a050e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/select.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/select.ftl
@@ -23,20 +23,20 @@
 <#setting number_format="#.#####">
 <select<#rt/>
  name="${parameters.name?default("")?html}"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.get("size")?exists>
+<#if parameters.get("size")??>
  size="${parameters.get("size")?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
  disabled="disabled"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/css.ftl" />
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.multiple?default(false)>
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/common-attributes.ftl" />
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl" />
 >
-<#if parameters.headerKey?exists && parameters.headerValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.headerKey?? && parameters.headerValue??>
     <option value="${parameters.headerKey?html}"
     <#if tag.contains(parameters.nameValue, parameters.headerKey) == true>
     selected="selected"
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@
     <option value=""></option>
 </#if>
 <@s.iterator value="parameters.list">
-        <#if parameters.listKey?exists>
-            <#if stack.findValue(parameters.listKey)?exists>
+        <#if parameters.listKey??>
+            <#if stack.findValue(parameters.listKey)??>
               <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue(parameters.listKey)/>
               <#assign itemKeyStr = itemKey.toString()/>
             <#else>
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@
             <#assign itemKey = stack.findValue('top')/>
             <#assign itemKeyStr = itemKey.toString()/>
         </#if>
-        <#if parameters.listValue?exists>
-            <#if stack.findString(parameters.listValue)?exists>
+        <#if parameters.listValue??>
+            <#if stack.findString(parameters.listValue)??>
               <#assign itemValue = stack.findString(parameters.listValue)/>
             <#else>
               <#assign itemValue = ''/>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/submit-close.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/submit-close.ftl
index 56b717f86..7f5195888 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/submit-close.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/submit-close.ftl
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-<#if parameters.type?exists && parameters.type=="button">
-<#if (parameters.body)?default("")?length gt 0>${parameters.body}<#elseif parameters.label?exists><@s.property value="parameters.label"/><#rt/></#if>
+<#if parameters.type?? && parameters.type=="button">
+<#if (parameters.body)?default("")?length gt 0>${parameters.body}<#elseif parameters.label??><@s.property value="parameters.label"/><#rt/></#if>
 </button>
 <#else>
 ${parameters.body}<#rt/>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/submit.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/submit.ftl
index 1077e10c5..0666195ae 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/submit.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/submit.ftl
@@ -20,30 +20,30 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if parameters.type?exists && parameters.type=="button">
+<#if parameters.type?? && parameters.type=="button">
 <button type="submit"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.name?exists>
+<#if parameters.name??>
  name="${parameters.name?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
  value="<@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/>"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
  disabled="disabled"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl"/>
@@ -51,40 +51,40 @@
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl" />
 >
 <#else>
-<#if parameters.type?exists && parameters.type=="image">
+<#if parameters.type?? && parameters.type=="image">
 <@s.property value="parameters.body"/>
 <input type="image"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.label?exists>
+<#if parameters.label??>
  alt="${parameters.label?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.src?exists>
+<#if parameters.src??>
  src="${parameters.src?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#else>
 <input type="submit"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.name?exists>
+<#if parameters.name??>
  name="${parameters.name?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
  value="<@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/>"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
  disabled="disabled"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssClass?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssClass??>
  class="${parameters.cssClass?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??>
  style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/table.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/table.ftl
index 108006389..d7efb069f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/table.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/table.ftl
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 <#assign webTable = tag/>
 <#assign tableModel = webTable.model/>
 
-<#if tableModel?exists>
+<#if tableModel??>
 <p align="center">
 <table bgcolor="white" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" >
     <tr>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/text.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/text.ftl
index 647b339a5..4ff447c1e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/text.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/text.ftl
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@
 -->
 <input type="text"<#rt/>
  name="${parameters.name?default("")?html}"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.get("size")?exists>
+<#if parameters.get("size")??>
  size="${parameters.get("size")?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.maxlength?exists>
+<#if parameters.maxlength??>
  maxlength="${parameters.maxlength?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
  value="<@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/>"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@
 <#if parameters.readonly?default(false)>
  readonly="readonly"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/css.ftl" />
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/textarea.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/textarea.ftl
index 22f23523b..cb3fa0bef 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/textarea.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/textarea.ftl
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  name="${parameters.name?default("")?html}"<#rt/>
  cols="${parameters.cols?default("")?html}"<#rt/>
  rows="${parameters.rows?default("")?html}"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.wrap?exists>
+<#if parameters.wrap??>
  wrap="${parameters.wrap?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if parameters.disabled?default(false)>
@@ -33,21 +33,21 @@
 <#if parameters.readonly?default(false)>
  readonly="readonly"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.tabindex?exists>
+<#if parameters.tabindex??>
  tabindex="${parameters.tabindex?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  id="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/css.ftl" />
-<#if parameters.title?exists>
+<#if parameters.title??>
  title="${parameters.title?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/scripting-events.ftl" />
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/common-attributes.ftl" />
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/dynamic-attributes.ftl" />
 ><#rt/>
-<#if parameters.nameValue?exists>
+<#if parameters.nameValue??>
 <@s.property value="parameters.nameValue"/><#t/>
 </#if>
 </textarea>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/updownselect.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/updownselect.ftl
index f1e788800..30128ef9f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/updownselect.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/simple/updownselect.ftl
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if !stack.findValue("#optiontransferselect_js_included")?exists><#t/>
+<#if !stack.findValue("#optiontransferselect_js_included")??><#t/>
 	<script type="text/javascript" src="<@s.url value="/struts/optiontransferselect.js" encode='false' includeParams='none'/>"></script>
 	<#assign temporaryVariable = stack.setValue("#optiontransferselect_js_included", "true") /><#t/>
 </#if><#t/>
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 <tr><td>
 <#if parameters.allowMoveUp?default(true)><#t/>
 	<#assign defMoveUpLabel="${parameters.moveUpLabel?default('^')}" /><#t/>
-	<#if parameters.headerKey?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.headerKey??><#t/>
 		&nbsp;<input type="button" value="${defMoveUpLabel}" onclick="moveOptionUp(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '${parameters.headerKey}');" />&nbsp;
 	<#else><#t/>
 		&nbsp;<input type="button" value="${defMoveUpLabel}" onclick="moveOptionUp(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '');" />&nbsp;
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 </#if><#t/>
 <#if parameters.allowMoveDown?default(true)><#t/>
 	<#assign defMoveDownLabel="${parameters.moveDownLabel?default('v')}" /><#t/>
-	<#if parameters.headerKey?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.headerKey??><#t/>
 		&nbsp;<input type="button" value="${defMoveDownLabel}" onclick="moveOptionDown(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '${parameters.headerKey}');" />&nbsp;
 	<#else><#t/>
 		&nbsp;<input type="button" value="${defMoveDownLabel}" onclick="moveOptionDown(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '');" />&nbsp;
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 </#if><#t/>
 <#if parameters.allowSelectAll?default(true)><#t/>
 	<#assign defSelectAllLabel="${parameters.selectAllLabel?default('*')}" /><#t/>
-	<#if parameters.headerKey?exists><#t/>
+	<#if parameters.headerKey??><#t/>
 		&nbsp;<input type="button" value="${defSelectAllLabel}" onclick="selectAllOptionsExceptSome(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '${parameters.headerKey}');" />&nbsp;
 	<#else><#t/>
 		&nbsp;<input type="button" value="${defSelectAllLabel}" onclick="selectAllOptions(document.getElementById('${parameters.id}'), 'key', '');" />&nbsp;
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/checkbox.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/checkbox.ftl
index 16891ae99..d49a4f571 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/checkbox.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/checkbox.ftl
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#assign hasFieldErrors = fieldErrors?exists && fieldErrors[parameters.name]?exists/>
+<#assign hasFieldErrors = fieldErrors?? && fieldErrors[parameters.name]??/>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
 <#list fieldErrors[parameters.name] as error>
 <tr<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  errorFor="${parameters.id}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 >
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@
 <#if parameters.labelposition?default("") == 'top'>
 <tr>
     <td colspan="2">
-<#if parameters.label?exists> <label<#t/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.label??> <label<#t/>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  for="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ ${parameters.label?html}<#t/>
  <span class="required">*</span><#t/>
 </#if>
 :<#t/>
-<#if parameters.tooltip?exists>
+<#if parameters.tooltip??>
     <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/xhtml/tooltip.ftl" />
 </#if>
 </label><#t/>
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ ${parameters.label?html}<#t/>
 <tr>
 	<td valign="top" align="right">
 <#if parameters.labelposition?default("") == 'left'>
-<#if parameters.label?exists> <label<#t/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.label??> <label<#t/>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  for="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ ${parameters.label?html}<#t/>
  <span class="required">*</span><#t/>
 </#if>
 :<#t/>
-<#if parameters.tooltip?exists>
+<#if parameters.tooltip??>
     <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/xhtml/tooltip.ftl" />
 </#if>
 </label><#t/>
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ ${parameters.label?html}<#t/>
     <#if parameters.required?default(false)>
         <span class="required">*</span><#t/>
     </#if>
-    <#if parameters.tooltip?exists>
+    <#if parameters.tooltip??>
         <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/xhtml/tooltip.ftl" />
     </#if>
 </#if>
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ ${parameters.label?html}<#t/>
                 	<#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/simple/checkbox.ftl" />
 </#if>                    
 <#if parameters.labelposition?default("") != 'top' && parameters.labelposition?default("") != 'left'>
-<#if parameters.label?exists> <label<#t/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.label??> <label<#t/>
+<#if parameters.id??>
  for="${parameters.id?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/control.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/control.ftl
index 8d99e2ee2..2761ac3b8 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/control.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/control.ftl
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@
  */
 -->
 <table class="${parameters.cssClass?default('wwFormTable')?html}"<#rt/>
-<#if parameters.cssStyle?exists> style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
+<#if parameters.cssStyle??> style="${parameters.cssStyle?html}"<#rt/>
 </#if>
 >
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl
index 0be90efbd..35dc8b314 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 	Only show message if errors are available.
 	This will be done if ActionSupport is used.
 -->
-<#assign hasFieldErrors = parameters.name?exists && fieldErrors?exists && fieldErrors[parameters.name]?exists/>
+<#assign hasFieldErrors = parameters.name?? && fieldErrors?? && fieldErrors[parameters.name]??/>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
 <#list fieldErrors[parameters.name] as error>
 <tr errorFor="${parameters.id}">
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@
 <#else>
     <td class="tdLabel"><#rt/>
 </#if>
-<#if parameters.label?exists>
+<#if parameters.label??>
     <label <#t/>
-<#if parameters.id?exists>
+<#if parameters.id??>
         for="${parameters.id?html}" <#t/>
 </#if>
 <#if hasFieldErrors>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/controlheader.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/controlheader.ftl
index 4c4075ec7..3eb4c0a83 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/controlheader.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/controlheader.ftl
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 -->
 <#include "/${parameters.templateDir}/xhtml/controlheader-core.ftl" />
     <td
-<#if parameters.align?exists>
+<#if parameters.align??>
     align="${parameters.align?html}"<#t/>
 </#if>
 ><#t/>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form-close-validate.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form-close-validate.ftl
index 9b899b017..533a4f78f 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form-close-validate.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form-close-validate.ftl
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ END SNIPPET: supported-validators
             }
             <#elseif validator.validatorType = "int">
             if (continueValidation && field.value != null) {
-                if (<#if validator.min?exists>parseInt(field.value) <
+                if (<#if validator.min??>parseInt(field.value) <
                      ${validator.min?c}<#else>false</#if> ||
-                        <#if validator.max?exists>parseInt(field.value) >
+                        <#if validator.max??>parseInt(field.value) >
                            ${validator.max?c}<#else>false</#if>) {
                     addError(field, error);
                     errors = true;
@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ END SNIPPET: supported-validators
             <#elseif validator.validatorType = "double">
             if (continueValidation && field.value != null) {
                 var value = parseFloat(field.value);
-                if (<#if validator.minInclusive?exists>value < ${validator.minInclusive?c}<#else>false</#if> ||
-                        <#if validator.maxInclusive?exists>value > ${validator.maxInclusive?c}<#else>false</#if> ||
-                        <#if validator.minExclusive?exists>value <= ${validator.minExclusive?c}<#else>false</#if> ||
-                        <#if validator.maxExclusive?exists>value >= ${validator.maxExclusive?c}<#else>false</#if>) {
+                if (<#if validator.minInclusive??>value < ${validator.minInclusive?c}<#else>false</#if> ||
+                        <#if validator.maxInclusive??>value > ${validator.maxInclusive?c}<#else>false</#if> ||
+                        <#if validator.minExclusive??>value <= ${validator.minExclusive?c}<#else>false</#if> ||
+                        <#if validator.maxExclusive??>value >= ${validator.maxExclusive?c}<#else>false</#if>) {
                     addError(field, error);
                     errors = true;
                     <#if validator.shortCircuit>continueValidation = false;</#if>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form-validate.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form-validate.ftl
index 2782e26dc..5d9fc7bce 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form-validate.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form-validate.ftl
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 <#if parameters.validate?default(false) == true>
 	<script type="text/javascript" src="${base}/struts/xhtml/validation.js"></script>
 	<script type="text/javascript" src="${base}/struts/utils.js"></script>
-	<#if parameters.onsubmit?exists>
+	<#if parameters.onsubmit??>
 		${tag.addParameter('onsubmit', "${parameters.onsubmit}; return validateForm_${parameters.id}();")}
 	<#else>
 		${tag.addParameter('onsubmit', "return validateForm_${parameters.id}();")}
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form.ftl
index 64a73145b..cd7bf7d44 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/form.ftl
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 <#if (parameters.validate?default(false))>
   onreset="${parameters.onreset?default('clearErrorMessages(this);clearErrorLabels(this);')}"
 <#else>
-  <#if parameters.onreset?exists>
+  <#if parameters.onreset??>
   onreset="${parameters.onreset?html}"
   </#if>
 </#if>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/reset.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/reset.ftl
index 2a93bb71f..b5f5444eb 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/reset.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/reset.ftl
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 -->
 <tr>
     <td colspan="2"><div <#rt/>
-<#if parameters.align?exists>
+<#if parameters.align??>
     align="${parameters.align?html}"<#t/>
 </#if>
 ><#t/>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/submit.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/submit.ftl
index acb2c679c..7b8292150 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/submit.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/submit.ftl
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 -->
 <tr>
     <td colspan="2"><div <#rt/>
-<#if parameters.align?exists>
+<#if parameters.align??>
     align="${parameters.align?html}"<#t/>
 </#if>
 ><#t/>
diff --git a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/tooltip.ftl b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/tooltip.ftl
index 01cb9ab93..2793c20ab 100644
--- a/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/tooltip.ftl
+++ b/core/src/main/resources/template/xhtml/tooltip.ftl
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
  * under the License.
  */
 -->
-<#if parameters.tooltip?exists><#t/>
+<#if parameters.tooltip??><#t/>
       <img
-      <#if parameters.tooltipIconPath?exists><#t/>
+      <#if parameters.tooltipIconPath??><#t/>
       	src='<@s.url value="${parameters.tooltipIconPath}" includeParams="none" encode="false" />'
       <#else><#t/>
       	src='<@s.url value="/struts/tooltip.gif" includeParams="none" encode="false" />'
       </#if><#t/>
       <#if parameters.jsTooltipEnabled?default('false') == 'true'>
           onmouseover="domTT_activate(this, event, 'content', '${parameters.tooltip}'<#t/>
-          <#if parameters.tooltipDelay?exists><#t/>
+          <#if parameters.tooltipDelay??><#t/>
           	<#t/>,'delay', '${parameters.tooltipDelay}'<#t/>
           </#if><#t/>
           <#t/>,'styleClass', '${parameters.tooltipCssClass?default("StrutsTTClassic")}'<#t/>