diff --git a/plugins/junit/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/StrutsJUnit4TestCase.java b/plugins/junit/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/StrutsJUnit4TestCase.java
index 0a39bd043..6c4d3e3f6 100644
--- a/plugins/junit/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/StrutsJUnit4TestCase.java
+++ b/plugins/junit/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/StrutsJUnit4TestCase.java
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ import java.util.logging.Logger;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 
 
-public class StrutsJUnit4TestCase<T> extends XWorkJUnit4TestCase {
+public abstract class StrutsJUnit4TestCase<T> extends XWorkJUnit4TestCase {
     protected MockHttpServletResponse response;
     protected MockHttpServletRequest request;
     protected MockPageContext pageContext;
diff --git a/plugins/junit/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/StrutsSpringJUnit4TestCase.java b/plugins/junit/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/StrutsSpringJUnit4TestCase.java
index 74f47dcf5..b8c105dec 100644
--- a/plugins/junit/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/StrutsSpringJUnit4TestCase.java
+++ b/plugins/junit/src/main/java/org/apache/struts2/StrutsSpringJUnit4TestCase.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
  * Date: 04/08/11
  * Time: 16.50
  */
-public class StrutsSpringJUnit4TestCase<T> extends StrutsJUnit4TestCase<T> implements ApplicationContextAware {
+public abstract class StrutsSpringJUnit4TestCase<T> extends StrutsJUnit4TestCase<T> implements ApplicationContextAware {
     protected ApplicationContext applicationContext;
 
     @Override