[[servlet-authorization-authorizationfilter]]
= Authorize ServerHttpRequest

Spring Security provides support for authorizing the incoming HTTP requests.
By default, Spring Security’s authorization will require all requests to be authenticated.
The explicit configuration looks like:

.All Requests Require Authenticated User
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
@Bean
SecurityWebFilterChain springSecurityFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
    http
        .authorizeExchange((authorize) -> authorize
            .anyExchange().authenticated()
        )
        .httpBasic(withDefaults())
        .formLogin(withDefaults());
    return http.build();
}
----

Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun springSecurityFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
    return http {
        authorizeExchange {
            authorize(anyExchange, authenticated)
        }
        formLogin { }
        httpBasic { }
    }
}
----
======


We can configure Spring Security to have different rules by adding more rules in order of precedence.

.Multiple Authorize Requests Rules
[tabs]
======
Java::
+
[source,java,role="primary"]
----
import static org.springframework.security.authorization.AuthorityReactiveAuthorizationManager.hasRole;
// ...
@Bean
SecurityWebFilterChain springWebFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) {
	// @formatter:off
	http
		// ...
		.authorizeExchange((authorize) -> authorize                          // <1>
			.pathMatchers("/resources/**", "/signup", "/about").permitAll()  // <2>
			.pathMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN")                      // <3>
			.pathMatchers("/db/**").access((authentication, context) ->      // <4>
				hasRole("ADMIN").check(authentication, context)
					.filter(decision -> !decision.isGranted())
					.switchIfEmpty(hasRole("DBA").check(authentication, context))
			)
			.anyExchange().denyAll()                                         // <5>
		);
	// @formatter:on
	return http.build();
}
----

Kotlin::
+
[source,kotlin,role="secondary"]
----
@Bean
fun springSecurityFilterChain(http: ServerHttpSecurity): SecurityWebFilterChain {
    return http {
        authorizeExchange {                                                           // <1>
            authorize(pathMatchers("/resources/**", "/signup", "/about"), permitAll)  // <2>
            authorize("/admin/**", hasRole("ADMIN"))                                  // <3>
            authorize("/db/**", { authentication, context ->                          // <4>
                hasRole("ADMIN").check(authentication, context)
                    .filter({ decision -> !decision.isGranted() })
                    .switchIfEmpty(hasRole("DBA").check(authentication, context))
            })
            authorize(anyExchange, denyAll)                                           // <5>
        }
        // ...
    }
}
----
======

<1> There are multiple authorization rules specified.
Each rule is considered in the order they were declared.
<2> We specified multiple URL patterns that any user can access.
Specifically, any user can access a request if the URL starts with "/resources/", equals "/signup", or equals "/about".
<3> Any URL that starts with "/admin/" will be restricted to users who have the authority "ROLE_ADMIN".
You will notice that since we are invoking the `hasRole` method we do not need to specify the "ROLE_" prefix.
<4> Any URL that starts with "/db/" requires the user to have both "ROLE_ADMIN" and "ROLE_DBA".
This demonstrates the flexibility of providing a custom `ReactiveAuthorizationManager` allowing us to implement arbitrary authorization logic.
For simplicity, the sample uses a lambda and delegate to the existing `AuthorityReactiveAuthorizationManager.hasRole` implementation.
However, in a real world situation applications would likely implement the logic in a proper class implementing `ReactiveAuthorizationManager`.
<5> Any URL that has not already been matched on is denied access.
This is a good strategy if you do not want to accidentally forget to update your authorization rules.
