/*
 * Copyright 2002-2024 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.security.web.server.csrf;

import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Base64;

import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import org.springframework.security.crypto.codec.Utf8;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;

/**
 * An implementation of the {@link ServerCsrfTokenRequestAttributeHandler} and
 * {@link ServerCsrfTokenRequestResolver} interfaces that is capable of masking the value
 * of the {@link CsrfToken} on each request and resolving the raw token value from the
 * masked value as either a form data value or header of the request.
 *
 * @author Steve Riesenberg
 * @since 5.8
 */
public final class XorServerCsrfTokenRequestAttributeHandler extends ServerCsrfTokenRequestAttributeHandler {

	private SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom();

	/**
	 * Specifies the {@code SecureRandom} used to generate random bytes that are used to
	 * mask the value of the {@link CsrfToken} on each request.
	 * @param secureRandom the {@code SecureRandom} to use to generate random bytes
	 */
	public void setSecureRandom(SecureRandom secureRandom) {
		Assert.notNull(secureRandom, "secureRandom cannot be null");
		this.secureRandom = secureRandom;
	}

	@Override
	public void handle(ServerWebExchange exchange, Mono<CsrfToken> csrfToken) {
		Assert.notNull(exchange, "exchange cannot be null");
		Assert.notNull(csrfToken, "csrfToken cannot be null");
		Mono<CsrfToken> updatedCsrfToken = csrfToken
			.map((token) -> new DefaultCsrfToken(token.getHeaderName(), token.getParameterName(),
					createXoredCsrfToken(this.secureRandom, token.getToken())))
			.cast(CsrfToken.class)
			.cache();
		super.handle(exchange, updatedCsrfToken);
	}

	@Override
	public Mono<String> resolveCsrfTokenValue(ServerWebExchange exchange, CsrfToken csrfToken) {
		return super.resolveCsrfTokenValue(exchange, csrfToken)
			.flatMap((actualToken) -> Mono.justOrEmpty(getTokenValue(actualToken, csrfToken.getToken())));
	}

	private static String getTokenValue(String actualToken, String token) {
		byte[] actualBytes;
		try {
			actualBytes = Base64.getUrlDecoder().decode(actualToken);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			return null;
		}

		byte[] tokenBytes = Utf8.encode(token);
		int tokenSize = tokenBytes.length;
		if (actualBytes.length != tokenSize * 2) {
			return null;
		}

		// extract token and random bytes
		byte[] xoredCsrf = new byte[tokenSize];
		byte[] randomBytes = new byte[tokenSize];

		System.arraycopy(actualBytes, 0, randomBytes, 0, tokenSize);
		System.arraycopy(actualBytes, tokenSize, xoredCsrf, 0, tokenSize);

		byte[] csrfBytes = xorCsrf(randomBytes, xoredCsrf);
		return (csrfBytes != null) ? Utf8.decode(csrfBytes) : null;
	}

	private static String createXoredCsrfToken(SecureRandom secureRandom, String token) {
		byte[] tokenBytes = Utf8.encode(token);
		byte[] randomBytes = new byte[tokenBytes.length];
		secureRandom.nextBytes(randomBytes);

		byte[] xoredBytes = xorCsrf(randomBytes, tokenBytes);
		byte[] combinedBytes = new byte[tokenBytes.length + randomBytes.length];
		System.arraycopy(randomBytes, 0, combinedBytes, 0, randomBytes.length);
		System.arraycopy(xoredBytes, 0, combinedBytes, randomBytes.length, xoredBytes.length);

		return Base64.getUrlEncoder().encodeToString(combinedBytes);
	}

	private static byte[] xorCsrf(byte[] randomBytes, byte[] csrfBytes) {
		Assert.isTrue(randomBytes.length == csrfBytes.length, "arrays must be equal length");
		int len = csrfBytes.length;
		byte[] xoredCsrf = new byte[len];
		System.arraycopy(csrfBytes, 0, xoredCsrf, 0, len);
		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			xoredCsrf[i] ^= randomBytes[i];
		}
		return xoredCsrf;
	}

}
