refactor(core): support non reflective bootstrap.

This changes Angular so that it can be used without reflection (assuming a codegen for injectors).

BREAKIKNG CHANGE:
- Drops `APP_COMPONENT` provider. Instead, inject
  `ApplicationRef` and read its `componentTypes` property.
- long form bootstrap has changed into the following:
  ```
  var platform = createPlatform(ReflectiveInjector.resolveAndCreate(BROWSER_PROVIDERS));
  var appInjector =
    ReflectiveInjector.resolveAndCreate([BROWSER_APP_PROVIDERS, appProviders], platform.injector);
  coreLoadAndBootstrap(appInjector, MyApp);
  ```

modules/angular2/src/web_workers/ui/router_providers.ts

@@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ function initRouterListeners(injector: Injector): () => void {
   return () => {
     let zone = injector.get(NgZone);
 
-    zone.run(() => injector.get(MessageBasedPlatformLocation).start());
+    zone.runGuarded(() => injector.get(MessageBasedPlatformLocation).start());
   };
 }

modules/angular2/src/web_workers/worker/router_providers.ts

@@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ export var WORKER_APP_ROUTER = [
 ];
 
 function initRouter(platformLocation: WebWorkerPlatformLocation, zone: NgZone): Promise<boolean> {
-  return zone.run(() => { return platformLocation.init(); });
+  return zone.runGuarded(() => { return platformLocation.init(); });
 }