refactor: update angular to support TypeScript 2.4

Detailed updates:
- rxjs@5.0.x
- tsickle@0.24.x
- typescript@2.4.x
- @bazel/typescript@0.10.0
- protractor@5.1.x
- selenium-webdriver@3.0.x

BREAKING CHANGE:
- the Angular compiler now requires TypeScript 2.4.x.

modules/playground/e2e_test/model_driven_forms/model_driven_forms_spec.ts

@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@ describe('Model-Driven Forms', function() {
     input.sendKeys('invalid');
     firstName.click();
 
-    // TODO: getInnerHtml has been deprecated by selenium-webdriver in the
-    // upcoming release of 3.0.0. Protractor has removed this method from
-    // ElementFinder but can still be accessed via WebElement.
-    expect(form.getWebElement().getInnerHtml()).toContain('is invalid credit card number');
+    expect(form.getAttribute('innerHTML')).toContain('is invalid credit card number');
   });
 });

modules/playground/e2e_test/template_driven_forms/template_driven_forms_spec.ts

@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@ describe('Template-Driven Forms', function() {
     input.sendKeys('invalid');
     firstName.click();
 
-    // TODO: getInnerHtml has been deprecated by selenium-webdriver in the
-    // upcoming release of 3.0.0. Protractor has removed this method from
-    // ElementFinder but can still be accessed via WebElement.
-    expect(form.getWebElement().getInnerHtml()).toContain('is invalid credit card number');
+    expect(form.getAttribute('innerHTML')).toContain('is invalid credit card number');
   });
 });