refactor(router): improve recognition and generation pipeline

This is a big change. @matsko also deserves much of the credit for the implementation.

Previously, `ComponentInstruction`s held all the state for async components.
Now, we introduce several subclasses for `Instruction` to describe each type of navigation.

BREAKING CHANGE:

Redirects now use the Link DSL syntax. Before:

```
@RouteConfig([
  { path: '/foo', redirectTo: '/bar' },
  { path: '/bar', component: BarCmp }
])
```

After:

```
@RouteConfig([
  { path: '/foo', redirectTo: ['Bar'] },
  { path: '/bar', component: BarCmp, name: 'Bar' }
])
```

BREAKING CHANGE:

This also introduces `useAsDefault` in the RouteConfig, which makes cases like lazy-loading
and encapsulating large routes with sub-routes easier.

Previously, you could use `redirectTo` like this to expand a URL like `/tab` to `/tab/posts`:

@RouteConfig([
  { path: '/tab', redirectTo: '/tab/users' }
  { path: '/tab', component: TabsCmp, name: 'Tab' }
])
AppCmp { ... }

Now the recommended way to handle this is case is to use `useAsDefault` like so:

```
@RouteConfig([
  { path: '/tab', component: TabsCmp, name: 'Tab' }
])
AppCmp { ... }

@RouteConfig([
  { path: '/posts', component: PostsCmp, useAsDefault: true, name: 'Posts' },
  { path: '/users', component: UsersCmp, name: 'Users' }
])
TabsCmp { ... }
```

In the above example, you can write just `['/Tab']` and the route `Users` is automatically selected as a child route.

Closes #4170
Closes #4490
Closes #4694
Closes #5200

Closes #5352

modules/angular1_router/build.js

@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@ var ts = require('typescript');
 var files = [
   'lifecycle_annotations_impl.ts',
   'url_parser.ts',
-  'path_recognizer.ts',
+  'route_recognizer.ts',
   'route_config_impl.ts',
   'async_route_handler.ts',
   'sync_route_handler.ts',
-  'route_recognizer.ts',
+  'component_recognizer.ts',
   'instruction.ts',
+  'path_recognizer.ts',
   'route_config_nomalizer.ts',
   'route_lifecycle_reflector.ts',
   'route_registry.ts',

modules/angular1_router/lib/facades.es5

@@ -173,6 +173,10 @@ var StringMapWrapper = {
 
 var List = Array;
 var ListWrapper = {
+  clear: function (l) {
+    l.length = 0;
+  },
+
   create: function () {
     return [];
   },

modules/angular1_router/src/module_template.js

@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@ function routerFactory($q, $location, $$directiveIntrospector, $browser, $rootSc
   // property in a route config
   exports.assertComponentExists = function () {};
 
-  angular.stringifyInstruction = exports.stringifyInstruction;
+  angular.stringifyInstruction = function (instruction) {
+    return instruction.toRootUrl();
+  };
 
   var RouteRegistry = exports.RouteRegistry;
   var RootRouter = exports.RootRouter;

modules/angular1_router/src/ng_route_shim.js

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
       routeMap[path] = routeCopy;
 
       if (route.redirectTo) {
-        routeDefinition.redirectTo = route.redirectTo;
+        routeDefinition.redirectTo = [routeMap[route.redirectTo].name];
       } else {
         if (routeCopy.controller && !routeCopy.controllerAs) {
           console.warn('Route for "' + path + '" should use "controllerAs".');
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
         }
 
         routeDefinition.component = directiveName;
-        routeDefinition.as = upperCase(directiveName);
+        routeDefinition.name = route.name || upperCase(directiveName);
 
         var directiveController = routeCopy.controller;
 

modules/angular1_router/test/integration/navigation_spec.js

@@ -113,8 +113,7 @@ describe('navigation', function () {
   });
 
 
-  // TODO: fix this
-  xit('should work with recursive nested outlets', function () {
+  it('should work with recursive nested outlets', function () {
     registerComponent('recurCmp', {
       template: '<div>recur { <div ng-outlet></div> }</div>',
       $routeConfig: [
@@ -152,8 +151,8 @@ describe('navigation', function () {
     compile('<div ng-outlet></div>');
 
     $router.config([
-      { path: '/',     redirectTo: '/user' },
-      { path: '/user', component:  'userCmp' }
+      { path: '/',     redirectTo: ['/User'] },
+      { path: '/user', component:  'userCmp', name: 'User' }
     ]);
 
     $router.navigateByUrl('/');
@@ -167,16 +166,15 @@ describe('navigation', function () {
     registerComponent('childRouter', {
       template: '<div>inner { <div ng-outlet></div> }</div>',
       $routeConfig: [
-        { path: '/old-child', redirectTo: '/new-child' },
-        { path: '/new-child', component: 'oneCmp'},
-        { path: '/old-child-two', redirectTo: '/new-child-two' },
-        { path: '/new-child-two', component: 'twoCmp'}
+        { path: '/new-child', component: 'oneCmp', name: 'NewChild'},
+        { path: '/new-child-two', component: 'twoCmp', name: 'NewChildTwo'}
       ]
     });
 
     $router.config([
-      { path: '/old-parent', redirectTo: '/new-parent' },
-      { path: '/new-parent/...', component:  'childRouter' }
+      { path: '/old-parent/old-child', redirectTo: ['/NewParent', 'NewChild'] },
+      { path: '/old-parent/old-child-two', redirectTo: ['/NewParent', 'NewChildTwo'] },
+      { path: '/new-parent/...', component:  'childRouter', name: 'NewParent' }
     ]);
 
     compile('<div ng-outlet></div>');

modules/angular1_router/test/integration/shim_spec.js

@@ -139,11 +139,12 @@ describe('ngRoute shim', function () {
 
   it('should adapt routes with redirects', inject(function ($location) {
     $routeProvider
+        .when('/home', {
+          template: 'welcome home!',
+          name: 'Home'
+        })
         .when('/', {
           redirectTo: '/home'
-        })
-        .when('/home', {
-          template: 'welcome home!'
         });
     $rootScope.$digest();