perf(dart/transform) Restructure transform to independent phases

Update summary:
- Removes the need for resolution, gaining transform speed at the cost
  of some precision and ability to detect errors
- Generates type registrations in the package alongside their declarations
- Ensures that line numbers do not change in transformed user code

modules/angular2/test/transform/two_annotations_files/expected/bar.ngDeps.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+library bar;
+
+import 'bar.dart';
+import 'package:angular2/src/core/annotations/annotations.dart';
+import 'package:angular2/src/core/annotations/template.dart';
+
+bool _visited = false;
+void setupReflection(reflector) {
+  if (_visited) return;
+  _visited = true;
+  reflector
+    ..registerType(MyComponent, {
+      "factory": () => new MyComponent(),
+      "parameters": const [],
+      "annotations": const [
+        const Component(selector: '[soup]'),
+        const Template(inline: 'Salad')
+      ]
+    });
+}

modules/angular2/test/transform/two_annotations_files/expected/index.bootstrap.dart

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-library angular2.src.transform.generated;
-
-import 'package:angular2/src/reflection/reflection.dart' show reflector;
-import 'bar.dart' as i0;
-import 'package:angular2/src/core/annotations/annotations.dart' as i1;
-import 'package:angular2/src/core/annotations/template.dart' as i2;
-
-setupReflection() {
-  reflector
-    ..registerType(i0.MyComponent, {
-      "factory": () => new i0.MyComponent(),
-      "parameters": const [const []],
-      "annotations": const [
-        const i1.Component(selector: '[soup]'),
-        const i2.Template(inline: 'Salad')
-      ]
-    });
-}