diff --git a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/pom.xml b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/pom.xml
index fb525decc3..068d6df74f 100644
--- a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/pom.xml
+++ b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/pom.xml
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
             <artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
-            <version>${jmh-core.version}</version>
+            <version>${jmh.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
             <artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
-            <version>${jmh-generator.version}</version>
+            <version>${jmh.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <!-- test scoped -->
@@ -55,12 +55,30 @@
                 <filtering>true</filtering>
             </resource>
         </resources>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+                <configuration>
+                    <source>1.8</source>
+                    <target>1.8</target>
+                    <annotationProcessorPaths>
+                        <path>
+                            <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
+                            <version>${jmh.version}</version>
+                        </path>
+                    </annotationProcessorPaths>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
     </build>
 
     <properties>
         <lombok.version>1.18.20</lombok.version>
         <!-- testing -->
         <assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>
+        <jmh.version>1.29</jmh.version>
     </properties>
 
 </project>
diff --git a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/BenchmarkRunner.java b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/BenchmarkRunner.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..461d728ad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/BenchmarkRunner.java
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package com.baeldung.streams.parallel;
+
+public class BenchmarkRunner {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        org.openjdk.jmh.Main.main(args);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/DifferentSourceSplitting.java b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/DifferentSourceSplitting.java
index 37d7d25bf6..3e133c21b1 100644
--- a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/DifferentSourceSplitting.java
+++ b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/DifferentSourceSplitting.java
@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@ package com.baeldung.streams.parallel;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 
 public class DifferentSourceSplitting {
@@ -15,37 +17,37 @@ public class DifferentSourceSplitting {
     private static final List<Integer> linkedListOfNumbers = new LinkedList<>();
 
     static {
-        IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 100_000_000).forEach(i -> {
+        IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 100_000).forEach(i -> {
             arrayListOfNumbers.add(i);
             linkedListOfNumbers.add(i);
         });
     }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        org.openjdk.jmh.Main.main(args);
-    }
-
     @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
-    public static void arrayListSequential() {
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void differentSourceArrayListSequential() {
         arrayListOfNumbers.stream().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
     }
 
     @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
-    public static void arrayListParallel() {
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void differentSourceArrayListParallel() {
         arrayListOfNumbers.parallelStream().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
     }
 
     @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
-    public static void linkedListSequential() {
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void differentSourceLinkedListSequential() {
         linkedListOfNumbers.stream().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
     }
 
     @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
-    public static void linkedListParallel() {
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void differentSourceLinkedListParallel() {
         linkedListOfNumbers.parallelStream().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
     }
 
diff --git a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/MemoryLocalityCosts.java b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/MemoryLocalityCosts.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9bb6fcaa81
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/MemoryLocalityCosts.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package com.baeldung.streams.parallel;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+public class MemoryLocalityCosts {
+
+    private static final int[] intArray = new int[100_000];
+    private static final Integer[] integerArray = new Integer[100_000];
+
+    static {
+        IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 100_000).forEach(i -> {
+            intArray[i-1] = i;
+            integerArray[i-1] = i;
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void localityIntArraySequential() {
+        Arrays.stream(intArray).reduce(0, Integer::sum);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void localityIntArrayParallel() {
+        Arrays.stream(intArray).parallel().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void localityIntegerArraySequential() {
+        Arrays.stream(integerArray).reduce(0, Integer::sum);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void localityIntegerArrayParallel() {
+        Arrays.stream(integerArray).parallel().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/MergingCosts.java b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/MergingCosts.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7266f6954f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/MergingCosts.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package com.baeldung.streams.parallel;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+public class MergingCosts {
+
+    private static final List<Integer> arrayListOfNumbers = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    static {
+        IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 100_000).forEach(i -> {
+            arrayListOfNumbers.add(i);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void mergingCostsSumSequential() {
+        arrayListOfNumbers.stream().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void mergingCostsSumParallel() {
+        arrayListOfNumbers.stream().parallel().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void mergingCostsGroupingSequential() {
+        arrayListOfNumbers.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(i -> i % 2 == 0));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void mergingCostsGroupingParallel() {
+        arrayListOfNumbers.stream().parallel().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(i -> i % 2 == 0));
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/SplittingCosts.java b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/SplittingCosts.java
index 1f9f7f062b..d1e878df1f 100644
--- a/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/SplittingCosts.java
+++ b/core-java-modules/core-java-streams-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/streams/parallel/SplittingCosts.java
@@ -3,24 +3,25 @@ package com.baeldung.streams.parallel;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.stream.IntStream;
 
 public class SplittingCosts {
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
-        org.openjdk.jmh.Main.main(args);
+    @Benchmark
+    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void sourceSplittingIntStreamSequential() {
+        IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 100).reduce(0, Integer::sum);
     }
 
     @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
-    public static void arrayListSequential() {
-        IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 1_000).reduce(0, Integer::sum);
-    }
-
-    @Benchmark
-    @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
-    public static void arrayListParallel() {
-        IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 1_000).parallel().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
+    @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+    public static void sourceSplittingIntStreamParallel() {
+        IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 100).parallel().reduce(0, Integer::sum);
     }
 
 }