diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/create.sql b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/create.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1bbe1640a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/create.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+create table PERSON (ID int8 not null, FIRST_NAME varchar(255), LAST_NAME varchar(255), primary key (ID))
+create table person (id int8 not null, first_name varchar(255), last_name varchar(255), primary key (id))
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/default-naming-strategy-ddl.sql b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/default-naming-strategy-ddl.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..34d5bd1867
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/default-naming-strategy-ddl.sql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+create table person (id int8 not null, firstname varchar(255), last_name varchar(255), primary key (id))
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/pom.xml b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/pom.xml
index 8a476012c7..71fc21527f 100644
--- a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/pom.xml
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/pom.xml
@@ -33,6 +33,11 @@
             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
         </dependency>
 
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
+            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+
         <dependency>
             <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
             <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/Person.java b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/Person.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c3e7f50403
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/Person.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package com.baeldung.namingstrategy;
+
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+
+@Entity
+public class Person {
+    @Id
+    private Long id;
+
+    @Column(name = "FIRSTNAME")
+    private String firstName;
+
+    private String lastName;
+
+    public Person() {}
+
+    public Person(Long id, String firstName, String lastName) {
+        this.id = id;
+        this.firstName = firstName;
+        this.lastName = lastName;
+    }
+
+    public Long id() {
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    public String firstName() {
+        return firstName;
+    }
+
+    public String lastName() {
+        return lastName;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/PersonRepository.java b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/PersonRepository.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3c7c25bbcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/PersonRepository.java
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+package com.baeldung.namingstrategy;
+
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
+
+public interface PersonRepository extends JpaRepository<Person, Long> {
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy.java b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16b01e50e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy.java
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package com.baeldung.namingstrategy;
+
+import org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.Identifier;
+import org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment;
+import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.hibernate.SpringPhysicalNamingStrategy;
+
+public class QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy extends SpringPhysicalNamingStrategy {
+    @Override
+    protected Identifier getIdentifier(String name, boolean quoted, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment) {
+        return new Identifier(name.toLowerCase(), true);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/SpringDataJpaTableAndColumnNamesApplication.java b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/SpringDataJpaTableAndColumnNamesApplication.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..09aaf12b60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/SpringDataJpaTableAndColumnNamesApplication.java
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package com.baeldung.namingstrategy;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
+
+@SpringBootApplication
+public class SpringDataJpaTableAndColumnNamesApplication {
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy.java b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..69e96aee27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy.java
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package com.baeldung.namingstrategy;
+
+import org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.Identifier;
+import org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.spi.JdbcEnvironment;
+import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.hibernate.SpringPhysicalNamingStrategy;
+
+public class UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy extends SpringPhysicalNamingStrategy {
+    @Override
+    protected Identifier getIdentifier(String name, boolean quoted, JdbcEnvironment jdbcEnvironment) {
+        return new Identifier(name.toLowerCase(), false);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ffa282da72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package com.baeldung.namingstrategy;
+
+import org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.jdbc.TestDatabaseAutoConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
+import org.springframework.test.context.TestPropertySource;
+
+import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
+import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
+import javax.persistence.Query;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+@DataJpaTest(excludeAutoConfiguration = TestDatabaseAutoConfiguration.class)
+@TestPropertySource("quoted-lower-case-naming-strategy.properties")
+class QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategyIntegrationTest {
+
+    @PersistenceContext
+    private EntityManager entityManager;
+
+    @Autowired
+    private PersonRepository personRepository;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void insertPeople() {
+        personRepository.saveAll(Arrays.asList(
+          new Person(1L, "John", "Doe"),
+          new Person(2L, "Jane", "Doe"),
+          new Person(3L, "Ted", "Mosby")
+        ));
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {"person", "PERSON", "Person"})
+    void givenPeopleAndLowerCaseNamingStrategy_whenQueryPersonUnquoted_thenException(String tableName) {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from " + tableName);
+
+        assertThrows(SQLGrammarException.class, query::getResultStream);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenPeopleAndLowerCaseNamingStrategy_whenQueryPersonQuotedUpperCase_thenException() {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from \"PERSON\"");
+
+        assertThrows(SQLGrammarException.class, query::getResultStream);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenPeopleAndLowerCaseNamingStrategy_whenQueryPersonQuotedLowerCase_thenResult() {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from \"person\"");
+
+        List<Person> result = (List<Person>) query.getResultStream()
+          .map(this::fromDatabase)
+          .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        assertThat(result).isNotEmpty();
+    }
+
+    public Person fromDatabase(Object databaseRow) {
+        Object[] typedDatabaseRow = (Object[]) databaseRow;
+
+        return new Person(
+          ((BigInteger) typedDatabaseRow[0]).longValue(),
+          (String) typedDatabaseRow[1],
+          (String) typedDatabaseRow[2]
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/SpringPhysicalNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/SpringPhysicalNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ad59fe2db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/SpringPhysicalNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package com.baeldung.namingstrategy;
+
+import org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.jdbc.TestDatabaseAutoConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
+import org.springframework.test.context.TestPropertySource;
+
+import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
+import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
+import javax.persistence.Query;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+@DataJpaTest(excludeAutoConfiguration = TestDatabaseAutoConfiguration.class)
+@TestPropertySource("spring-physical-naming-strategy.properties")
+class SpringPhysicalNamingStrategyIntegrationTest {
+
+    @PersistenceContext
+    private EntityManager entityManager;
+
+    @Autowired
+    private PersonRepository personRepository;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void insertPeople() {
+        personRepository.saveAll(Arrays.asList(
+          new Person(1L, "John", "Doe"),
+          new Person(2L, "Jane", "Doe"),
+          new Person(3L, "Ted", "Mosby")
+        ));
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {"person", "PERSON", "Person"})
+    void givenPeopleAndDefaultNamingStrategy_whenQueryPersonUnquoted_thenResult(String tableName) {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from " + tableName);
+
+        List<Person> result = (List<Person>) query.getResultStream()
+          .map(this::fromDatabase)
+          .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        assertThat(result).isNotEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenPeopleAndDefaultNamingStrategyAndH2Database_whenQueryPersonQuotedUpperCase_thenResult() {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from \"PERSON\"");
+
+        List<Person> result = (List<Person>) query.getResultStream()
+          .map(this::fromDatabase)
+          .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        assertThat(result).isNotEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenPeopleAndDefaultNamingStrategyAndH2Database_whenQueryPersonQuotedLowerCase_thenException() {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from \"person\"");
+
+        assertThrows(SQLGrammarException.class, query::getResultStream);
+    }
+
+    public Person fromDatabase(Object databaseRow) {
+        Object[] typedDatabaseRow = (Object[]) databaseRow;
+
+        return new Person(
+          ((BigInteger) typedDatabaseRow[0]).longValue(),
+          (String) typedDatabaseRow[1],
+          (String) typedDatabaseRow[2]
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d84a17526
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategyIntegrationTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package com.baeldung.namingstrategy;
+
+import org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.jdbc.TestDatabaseAutoConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
+import org.springframework.test.context.TestPropertySource;
+
+import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
+import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
+import javax.persistence.Query;
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+@DataJpaTest(excludeAutoConfiguration = TestDatabaseAutoConfiguration.class)
+@TestPropertySource("unquoted-lower-case-naming-strategy.properties")
+class UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategyIntegrationTest {
+
+    @PersistenceContext
+    private EntityManager entityManager;
+
+    @Autowired
+    private PersonRepository personRepository;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void insertPeople() {
+        personRepository.saveAll(Arrays.asList(
+          new Person(1L, "John", "Doe"),
+          new Person(2L, "Jane", "Doe"),
+          new Person(3L, "Ted", "Mosby")
+        ));
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @ValueSource(strings = {"person", "PERSON", "Person"})
+    void givenPeopleAndLowerCaseNamingStrategy_whenQueryPersonUnquoted_thenException(String tableName) {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from " + tableName);
+
+        List<Person> result = (List<Person>) query.getResultStream()
+          .map(this::fromDatabase)
+          .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        assertThat(result).isNotEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenPeopleAndLowerCaseNamingStrategy_whenQueryPersonQuotedUpperCase_thenException() {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from \"PERSON\"");
+
+        List<Person> result = (List<Person>) query.getResultStream()
+          .map(this::fromDatabase)
+          .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        assertThat(result).isNotEmpty();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenPeopleAndLowerCaseNamingStrategy_whenQueryPersonQuotedLowerCase_thenResult() {
+        Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("select * from \"person\"");
+
+        assertThrows(SQLGrammarException.class, query::getResultStream);
+    }
+
+    public Person fromDatabase(Object databaseRow) {
+        Object[] typedDatabaseRow = (Object[]) databaseRow;
+
+        return new Person(
+          ((BigInteger) typedDatabaseRow[0]).longValue(),
+          (String) typedDatabaseRow[1],
+          (String) typedDatabaseRow[2]
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/quoted-lower-case-naming-strategy.properties b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/quoted-lower-case-naming-strategy.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dce43e2da5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/quoted-lower-case-naming-strategy.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:custom-lower-case-strategy
+spring.datasource.username=sa
+spring.datasource.password=
+
+spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create
+spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy=com.baeldung.namingstrategy.QuotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.create-source=metadata
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.scripts.action=create
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.scripts.create-target=upper-case-naming-strategy-ddl.sql
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/spring-physical-naming-strategy.properties b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/spring-physical-naming-strategy.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8ba1a3e4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/spring-physical-naming-strategy.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:spring-strategy
+spring.datasource.username=sa
+spring.datasource.password=
+
+spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create
+spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy=org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.hibernate.SpringPhysicalNamingStrategy
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.create-source=metadata
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.scripts.action=create
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.scripts.create-target=default-naming-strategy-ddl.sql
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/unquoted-lower-case-naming-strategy.properties b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/unquoted-lower-case-naming-strategy.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63f400db0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/src/test/resources/com/baeldung/namingstrategy/unquoted-lower-case-naming-strategy.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:custom-lower-case-strategy
+spring.datasource.username=sa
+spring.datasource.password=
+
+spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create
+spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy=com.baeldung.namingstrategy.UnquotedLowerCaseNamingStrategy
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.create-source=metadata
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.scripts.action=create
+#spring.jpa.properties.javax.persistence.schema-generation.scripts.create-target=upper-case-naming-strategy-ddl.sql
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/upper-case-naming-strategy-ddl.sql b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/upper-case-naming-strategy-ddl.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b26697ac66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/spring-data-jpa-4/upper-case-naming-strategy-ddl.sql
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+create table "PERSON" ("ID" int8 not null, "FIRSTNAME" varchar(255), "LAST_NAME" varchar(255), primary key ("ID"))