Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/Maiklins/tutorials into JAVA-7244-Review_log_statements_for_projects

 Conflicts:
	algorithms-searching/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/quadtree/QuadTreeSearchUnitTest.java
This commit is contained in:
mikr
2021-10-31 20:54:51 +01:00
767 changed files with 29744 additions and 20414 deletions
@@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ This module contains articles about Java 11 core features
- [Guide to Java 8s Collectors](https://www.baeldung.com/java-8-collectors)
- [New Features in Java 11](https://www.baeldung.com/java-11-new-features)
- [Getting the Java Version at Runtime](https://www.baeldung.com/get-java-version-runtime)
- [Invoking a SOAP Web Service in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-soap-web-service)
+3 -4
View File
@@ -35,19 +35,19 @@
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId>
<version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
@@ -106,7 +106,6 @@
<maven.compiler.source.version>11</maven.compiler.source.version>
<maven.compiler.target.version>11</maven.compiler.target.version>
<guava.version>29.0-jre</guava.version>
<junit.jupiter.version>5.7.0</junit.jupiter.version>
<assertj.version>3.17.2</assertj.version>
<mockserver.version>5.11.1</mockserver.version>
<commons-lang3.version>3.12.0</commons-lang3.version>
+52 -52
View File
@@ -1,60 +1,60 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-12</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-12</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-12</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-12</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../</relativePath>
</parent>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${maven.compiler.source.version}</source>
<target>${maven.compiler.target.version}</target>
<compilerArgs>--enable-preview</compilerArgs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<argLine>--enable-preview</argLine>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${maven.compiler.source.version}</source>
<target>${maven.compiler.target.version}</target>
<compilerArgs>--enable-preview</compilerArgs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<argLine>--enable-preview</argLine>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source.version>12</maven.compiler.source.version>
<maven.compiler.target.version>12</maven.compiler.target.version>
<assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>
</properties>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source.version>12</maven.compiler.source.version>
<maven.compiler.target.version>12</maven.compiler.target.version>
<assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>
</properties>
</project>
+2 -2
View File
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
+4
View File
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
### Relevant articles:
- [Collect a Java Stream to an Immutable Collection](https://www.baeldung.com/java-stream-immutable-collection)
- [Guide to mapMulti in Stream API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-mapmulti)
- [Collecting Stream Elements into a List in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-stream-to-list-collecting)
- [New Features in Java 16](https://www.baeldung.com/java-16-new-features)
- [Guide to Java 8 groupingBy Collector](https://www.baeldung.com/java-groupingby-collector)
+68 -35
View File
@@ -1,53 +1,86 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-16</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-16</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-16</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-16</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../</relativePath>
</parent>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.12.0</version>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<release>${maven.compiler.release}</release>
<compilerArgs>--enable-preview</compilerArgs>
<source>${maven.compiler.source.version}</source>
<target>${maven.compiler.target.version}</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${surefire.plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${maven.compiler.source.version}</source>
<target>${maven.compiler.target.version}</target>
<argLine>--enable-preview</argLine>
<forkCount>1</forkCount>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
<artifactId>surefire-api</artifactId>
<version>${surefire.plugin.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</plugins>
</build>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source.version>16</maven.compiler.source.version>
<maven.compiler.target.version>16</maven.compiler.target.version>
<assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>
</properties>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source.version>16</maven.compiler.source.version>
<maven.compiler.target.version>16</maven.compiler.target.version>
<maven.compiler.release>16</maven.compiler.release>
<maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.8.1</maven-compiler-plugin.version>
<surefire.plugin.version>3.0.0-M5</surefire.plugin.version>
<assertj.version>3.17.2</assertj.version>
</properties>
</project>
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
package com.baeldung.features;
interface HelloWorld {
default String hello() {
return "world";
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
package com.baeldung.features;
import com.baeldung.features.record.Book;
public class OuterClass {
class InnerClass {
Book book = new Book("Title", "author", "isbn");
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
package com.baeldung.features;
import jdk.incubator.vector.IntVector;
public class VectorExample {
public int[] scalarComputation(int[] a, int[] b) {
var c = new int[a.length];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
c[i] = a[i] * b[i];
}
return c;
}
public int[] vectorComputation(int[] a, int[] b) {
var c = new int[a.length];
var vectorA = IntVector.fromArray(IntVector.SPECIES_128, a, 0);
var vectorB = IntVector.fromArray(IntVector.SPECIES_128, b, 0);
var vectorC = vectorA.mul(vectorB);
vectorC.intoArray(c, 0);
return c;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
package com.baeldung.features.model;
import java.util.Objects;
public final class Book {
private final String title;
private final String author;
private final String isbn;
public Book(String title, String author, String isbn) {
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.isbn = isbn;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public String getIsbn() {
return isbn;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) {
return true;
}
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
return false;
}
Book book = (Book) o;
return Objects.equals(title, book.title) && Objects.equals(author, book.author) && Objects.equals(isbn, book.isbn);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(title, author, isbn);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
package com.baeldung.features.record;
public record Book(String title, String author, String isbn) {
}
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
package com.baeldung.features.sealed;
public sealed interface JungleAnimal permits Monkey, Snake {
}
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
package com.baeldung.features.sealed;
public final class Monkey implements JungleAnimal {
}
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
package com.baeldung.features.sealed;
public class Sealed {
public static void main(String... args) {
JungleAnimal j = new Monkey();
if (j instanceof Monkey m) {
// do logic
} else if (j instanceof Snake s) {
// do logic
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
package com.baeldung.features.sealed;
public non-sealed class Snake implements JungleAnimal {
}
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
module core.java {
requires jdk.incubator.vector;
requires org.apache.commons.lang3;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
package com.baeldung.features;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
public class DayPeriodSupportUnitTest {
@Test
public void givenASpecificTime_whenFormattingUsingTheBSymbol_thenExpectVerbosePeriodOfDay() {
LocalTime date = LocalTime.parse("15:25:08.690791");
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("h B");
assertThat(date.format(formatter)).isEqualTo("3 in the afternoon");
formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("h BBBB");
assertThat(date.format(formatter)).isEqualTo("3 in the afternoon");
formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("h BBBBB");
assertThat(date.format(formatter)).isEqualTo("3 in the afternoon");
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
package com.baeldung.features;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import static java.lang.ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
class HelloWorldUnitTest {
@Test
public void givenAnInterfaceWithDefaulMethod_whenCreatingProxyInstance_thenCanInvokeDefaultMethod() throws Exception {
Object proxy = Proxy.newProxyInstance(getSystemClassLoader(), new Class<?>[] { HelloWorld.class },
(prox, method, args) -> {
if (method.isDefault()) {
return InvocationHandler.invokeDefault(prox, method, args);
}
return method.invoke(prox, args);
}
);
Method method = proxy.getClass().getMethod("hello");
assertThat(method.invoke(proxy)).isEqualTo("world");
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
package com.baeldung.features;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
public class InstanceOfPatternMatchingUnitTest {
@Test
void givenTheNewPatternMatchingAbility_whenComparingAgainstTheTradiationalApproach_thenBothVariablesAreEqual() {
Object obj = "TEST";
if (obj instanceof String a) {
String b = (String) obj;
assertThat(a).isEqualTo(b);
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
package com.baeldung.features;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
public class StreamToListUnitTest {
@Test
void givenAStream_whenCreatingANewListFromStream_thenCollectorsOrInbuiltFunctionAreEquivalent() {
List<String> integersAsString = Arrays.asList("1", "2", "3");
List<Integer> ints = integersAsString.stream().map(Integer::parseInt).collect(Collectors.toList());
List<Integer> intsEquivalent = integersAsString.stream().map(Integer::parseInt).toList();
assertThat(ints).isEqualTo(intsEquivalent);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
package com.baeldung.features;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
class VectorExampleUnitTest {
@Test
void givenAScalarComputation_whenCalculatingUsingVectorAPI_thenResultIsSameAsPreviousMethodOfComputation() {
VectorExample objectUnderTest = new VectorExample();
int[] a = {1, 2, 3, 4};
int[] b = {5, 6, 7, 8};
int[] result = objectUnderTest.scalarComputation(a, b);
int[] result2 = objectUnderTest.vectorComputation(a, b);
assertArrayEquals(result, result2);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
package com.baeldung.streams;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
public class StreamToListComparisonWithCollectorsToListUnitTest {
@Test
public void whenAddingtoCollectToList_thenSuccess() {
List<String> result = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {
result.add("test");
});
}
@Test
public void whenSortingtoCollectToList_thenSuccess() {
List<String> result = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {
result.sort(String::compareToIgnoreCase);
});
}
@Test
public void whenAddingCollectUnmodifiableToList_thenException() {
List<String> result = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.collect(Collectors.toUnmodifiableList());
Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
result.add("test");
});
}
@Test
public void whenSortingCollectUnmodifiableToList_thenSortException() {
List<String> result = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.collect(Collectors.toUnmodifiableList());
Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
result.sort(String::compareToIgnoreCase);
});
}
@Test
public void whenAddingStreamToList_thenException() {
List<String> result = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.toList();
Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
result.add("test");
});
}
@Test
public void whenSortingStreamToList_thenException() {
List<String> result = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.toList();
Assertions.assertThrows(UnsupportedOperationException.class, () -> {
result.sort(String::compareToIgnoreCase);
});
}
@Test
public void whenComparingStreamToList_withCollectToList_thenEqual() {
List<String> streamToList = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.toList();
List<String> collectToList = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
Assertions.assertEquals(streamToList, collectToList);
}
@Test
public void whenComparingStreamToList_withUnmodifiedCollectToList_thenEqual() {
List<String> streamToList = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.toList();
List<String> collectToUnmodifiableList = Stream.of(Locale.getISOCountries())
.collect(Collectors.toUnmodifiableList());
Assertions.assertEquals(streamToList, collectToUnmodifiableList);
}
@Test
public void whenNullCollectorsToList_thenSuccess() {
Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {
Stream.of(null, null)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
});
}
@Test
public void whenNullCollectorsUnmodifiableToList_thenException() {
Assertions.assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
Stream.of(null, null)
.collect(Collectors.toUnmodifiableList());
});
}
@Test
public void whenNullStreamToList_thenSuccess() {
Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow(() -> {
Stream.of(null, null)
.toList();
});
}
}
+3
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@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
### Relevant articles:
- [Pattern Matching for Switch](https://www.baeldung.com/java-switch-pattern-matching)
+81
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@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-17</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-17</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>${junit-jupiter.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<release>${maven.compiler.release}</release>
<compilerArgs>--enable-preview</compilerArgs>
<source>${maven.compiler.source.version}</source>
<target>${maven.compiler.target.version}</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${surefire.plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<argLine>--enable-preview</argLine>
<forkCount>1</forkCount>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>
<artifactId>surefire-api</artifactId>
<version>${surefire.plugin.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source.version>17</maven.compiler.source.version>
<maven.compiler.target.version>17</maven.compiler.target.version>
<maven.compiler.release>17</maven.compiler.release>
<maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.8.1</maven-compiler-plugin.version>
<surefire.plugin.version>3.0.0-M5</surefire.plugin.version>
<assertj.version>3.17.2</assertj.version>
</properties>
</project>
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
public class GuardedPatterns {
static double getDoubleValueUsingIf(Object o) {
return switch (o) {
case String s -> {
if (s.length() > 0) {
yield Double.parseDouble(s);
} else {
yield 0d;
}
}
default -> 0d;
};
}
static double getDoubleValueUsingGuardedPatterns(Object o) {
return switch (o) {
case String s && s.length() > 0 -> Double.parseDouble(s);
default -> 0d;
};
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
public class HandlingNullValues {
static double getDoubleUsingSwitchNullCase(Object o) {
return switch (o) {
case String s -> Double.parseDouble(s);
case null -> 0d;
default -> 0d;
};
}
static double getDoubleUsingSwitchTotalType(Object o) {
return switch (o) {
case String s -> Double.parseDouble(s);
case Object ob -> 0d;
};
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
public class ParenthesizedPatterns {
static double getDoubleValueUsingIf(Object o) {
return switch (o) {
case String s -> {
if (s.length() > 0) {
if (s.contains("#") || s.contains("@")) {
yield 0d;
} else {
yield Double.parseDouble(s);
}
} else {
yield 0d;
}
}
default -> 0d;
};
}
static double getDoubleValueUsingParenthesizedPatterns(Object o) {
return switch (o) {
case String s && s.length() > 0 && !(s.contains("#") || s.contains("@")) -> Double.parseDouble(s);
default -> 0d;
};
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
public class PatternMatching {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Object o = args[0];
if (o instanceof String s) {
System.out.printf("Object is a string %s", s);
} else if(o instanceof Number n) {
System.out.printf("Object is a number %n", n);
}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
public class SwitchStatement {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final String b = "B";
switch (args[0]) {
case "A" -> System.out.println("Parameter is A");
case b -> System.out.println("Parameter is b");
default -> System.out.println("Parameter is unknown");
};
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
public class TypePatterns {
static double getDoubleUsingIf(Object o) {
double result;
if (o instanceof Integer) {
result = ((Integer) o).doubleValue();
} else if (o instanceof Float) {
result = ((Float) o).doubleValue();
} else if (o instanceof String) {
result = Double.parseDouble(((String) o));
} else {
result = 0d;
}
return result;
}
static double getDoubleUsingSwitch(Object o) {
return switch (o) {
case Integer i -> i.doubleValue();
case Float f -> f.doubleValue();
case String s -> Double.parseDouble(s);
default -> 0d;
};
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static com.baeldung.switchpatterns.GuardedPatterns.*;
class GuardedPatternsUnitTest {
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenUsingEmptyString_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleValueUsingIf(""));
}
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenUsingNonEmptyString_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleValueUsingIf("10"));
}
@Test
void givenPatternsImplementation_whenUsingEmptyString_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleValueUsingGuardedPatterns(""));
}
@Test
void givenPatternsImplementation_whenUsingNonEmptyString_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleValueUsingGuardedPatterns("10"));
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static com.baeldung.switchpatterns.HandlingNullValues.*;
class HandlingNullValuesUnitTest {
@Test
void givenNullCaseInSwitch_whenUsingStringAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleUsingSwitchNullCase("10"));
}
@Test
void givenTotalTypeInSwitch_whenUsingNullArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleUsingSwitchNullCase(null));
}
@Test
void givenTotalTypeInSwitch_whenUsingStringAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleUsingSwitchTotalType("10"));
}
@Test
void givenNullCaseInSwitch_whenUsingNullArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleUsingSwitchTotalType(null));
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static com.baeldung.switchpatterns.ParenthesizedPatterns.*;
class ParenthesizedPatternsUnitTest {
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenUsingEmptyString_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleValueUsingIf(""));
}
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenUsingNonEmptyString_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleValueUsingIf("10"));
}
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenStringContainsSpecialChar_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleValueUsingIf("@10"));
}
@Test
void givenPatternsImplementation_whenUsingEmptyString_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleValueUsingParenthesizedPatterns(""));
}
@Test
void givenPatternsImplementation_whenUsingNonEmptyString_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleValueUsingParenthesizedPatterns("10"));
}
@Test
void givenPatternsImplementation_whenStringContainsSpecialChar_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleValueUsingParenthesizedPatterns("@10"));
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
package com.baeldung.switchpatterns;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static com.baeldung.switchpatterns.TypePatterns.*;
class TypePatternsUnitTest {
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenUsingIntegerAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleUsingIf(10));
}
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenUsingDoubleAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleUsingIf(10.0f));
}
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenUsingStringAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleUsingIf("10"));
}
@Test
void givenIfImplementation_whenUsingCharAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleUsingIf('c'));
}
@Test
void givenSwitchImplementation_whenUsingIntegerAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleUsingSwitch(10));
}
@Test
void givenSwitchImplementation_whenUsingDoubleAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleUsingSwitch(10.0f));
}
@Test
void givenSwitchImplementation_whenUsingStringAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(10d, getDoubleUsingSwitch("10"));
}
@Test
void givenSwitchImplementation_whenUsingCharAsArgument_thenDoubleIsReturned() {
assertEquals(0d, getDoubleUsingSwitch('c'));
}
}
+1 -2
View File
@@ -7,12 +7,11 @@
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-8-2</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -7,12 +7,11 @@
<version>${project.parent.version}</version>
<name>core-java-8-datetime-2</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -7,12 +7,11 @@
<version>${project.parent.version}</version>
<name>core-java-8-datetime</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
-1
View File
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ This module contains articles about Java 8 core features
### Relevant Articles:
- [New Features in Java 8](https://www.baeldung.com/java-8-new-features)
- [Guide to Java 8 groupingBy Collector](https://www.baeldung.com/java-groupingby-collector)
- [Strategy Design Pattern in Java 8](https://www.baeldung.com/java-strategy-pattern)
- [Guide to Java 8 Comparator.comparing()](https://www.baeldung.com/java-8-comparator-comparing)
- [Guide to the Java 8 forEach](https://www.baeldung.com/foreach-java)
+1 -2
View File
@@ -7,12 +7,11 @@
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-8</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
package com.baeldung.java_8_features.groupingby;
public class BlogPost {
private String title;
private String author;
private BlogPostType type;
private int likes;
public BlogPost(String title, String author, BlogPostType type, int likes) {
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.type = type;
this.likes = likes;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public BlogPostType getType() {
return type;
}
public int getLikes() {
return likes;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "BlogPost{" + "title='" + title + '\'' + ", type=" + type + ", likes=" + likes + '}';
}
}
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
package com.baeldung.java_8_features.groupingby;
public enum BlogPostType {
NEWS, REVIEW, GUIDE
}
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
package com.baeldung.java_8_features.groupingby;
import java.util.Objects;
public class Tuple {
private final BlogPostType type;
private final String author;
public Tuple(BlogPostType type, String author) {
this.type = type;
this.author = author;
}
public BlogPostType getType() {
return type;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o)
return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass())
return false;
Tuple tuple = (Tuple) o;
return type == tuple.type && author.equals(tuple.author);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(type, author);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Tuple{" + "type=" + type + ", author='" + author + '\'' + '}';
}
}
@@ -1,215 +0,0 @@
package com.baeldung.java_8_features.groupingby;
import static java.util.Comparator.comparingInt;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.averagingInt;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.counting;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.groupingBy;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.groupingByConcurrent;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.joining;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.mapping;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.maxBy;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.summarizingInt;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.summingInt;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toSet;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.EnumMap;
import java.util.IntSummaryStatistics;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import org.junit.Test;
public class Java8GroupingByCollectorUnitTest {
private static final List<BlogPost> posts = Arrays.asList(new BlogPost("News item 1", "Author 1", BlogPostType.NEWS, 15), new BlogPost("Tech review 1", "Author 2", BlogPostType.REVIEW, 5),
new BlogPost("Programming guide", "Author 1", BlogPostType.GUIDE, 20), new BlogPost("News item 2", "Author 2", BlogPostType.NEWS, 35), new BlogPost("Tech review 2", "Author 1", BlogPostType.REVIEW, 15));
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByType_thenGetAMapBetweenTypeAndPosts() {
Map<BlogPostType, List<BlogPost>> postsPerType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType));
assertEquals(2, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.size());
assertEquals(1, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.size());
assertEquals(2, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.size());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeAndTheirTitlesAreJoinedInAString_thenGetAMapBetweenTypeAndCsvTitles() {
Map<BlogPostType, String> postsPerType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType, mapping(BlogPost::getTitle, joining(", ", "Post titles: [", "]"))));
assertEquals("Post titles: [News item 1, News item 2]", postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS));
assertEquals("Post titles: [Programming guide]", postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE));
assertEquals("Post titles: [Tech review 1, Tech review 2]", postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW));
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeAndSumTheLikes_thenGetAMapBetweenTypeAndPostLikes() {
Map<BlogPostType, Integer> likesPerType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType, summingInt(BlogPost::getLikes)));
assertEquals(50, likesPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.intValue());
assertEquals(20, likesPerType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.intValue());
assertEquals(20, likesPerType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.intValue());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeInAnEnumMap_thenGetAnEnumMapBetweenTypeAndPosts() {
EnumMap<BlogPostType, List<BlogPost>> postsPerType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType, () -> new EnumMap<>(BlogPostType.class), toList()));
assertEquals(2, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.size());
assertEquals(1, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.size());
assertEquals(2, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.size());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeInSets_thenGetAMapBetweenTypesAndSetsOfPosts() {
Map<BlogPostType, Set<BlogPost>> postsPerType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType, toSet()));
assertEquals(2, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.size());
assertEquals(1, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.size());
assertEquals(2, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.size());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeConcurrently_thenGetAMapBetweenTypeAndPosts() {
ConcurrentMap<BlogPostType, List<BlogPost>> postsPerType = posts.parallelStream()
.collect(groupingByConcurrent(BlogPost::getType));
assertEquals(2, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.size());
assertEquals(1, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.size());
assertEquals(2, postsPerType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.size());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeAndAveragingLikes_thenGetAMapBetweenTypeAndAverageNumberOfLikes() {
Map<BlogPostType, Double> averageLikesPerType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType, averagingInt(BlogPost::getLikes)));
assertEquals(25, averageLikesPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.intValue());
assertEquals(20, averageLikesPerType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.intValue());
assertEquals(10, averageLikesPerType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.intValue());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeAndCounted_thenGetAMapBetweenTypeAndNumberOfPosts() {
Map<BlogPostType, Long> numberOfPostsPerType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType, counting()));
assertEquals(2, numberOfPostsPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.intValue());
assertEquals(1, numberOfPostsPerType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.intValue());
assertEquals(2, numberOfPostsPerType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.intValue());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeAndMaxingLikes_thenGetAMapBetweenTypeAndMaximumNumberOfLikes() {
Map<BlogPostType, Optional<BlogPost>> maxLikesPerPostType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType, maxBy(comparingInt(BlogPost::getLikes))));
assertTrue(maxLikesPerPostType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.isPresent());
assertEquals(35, maxLikesPerPostType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.get()
.getLikes());
assertTrue(maxLikesPerPostType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.isPresent());
assertEquals(20, maxLikesPerPostType.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.get()
.getLikes());
assertTrue(maxLikesPerPostType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.isPresent());
assertEquals(15, maxLikesPerPostType.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.get()
.getLikes());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByAuthorAndThenByType_thenGetAMapBetweenAuthorAndMapsBetweenTypeAndBlogPosts() {
Map<String, Map<BlogPostType, List<BlogPost>>> map = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getAuthor, groupingBy(BlogPost::getType)));
assertEquals(1, map.get("Author 1")
.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.size());
assertEquals(1, map.get("Author 1")
.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE)
.size());
assertEquals(1, map.get("Author 1")
.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.size());
assertEquals(1, map.get("Author 2")
.get(BlogPostType.NEWS)
.size());
assertEquals(1, map.get("Author 2")
.get(BlogPostType.REVIEW)
.size());
assertNull(map.get("Author 2")
.get(BlogPostType.GUIDE));
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByTypeAndSummarizingLikes_thenGetAMapBetweenTypeAndSummary() {
Map<BlogPostType, IntSummaryStatistics> likeStatisticsPerType = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(BlogPost::getType, summarizingInt(BlogPost::getLikes)));
IntSummaryStatistics newsLikeStatistics = likeStatisticsPerType.get(BlogPostType.NEWS);
assertEquals(2, newsLikeStatistics.getCount());
assertEquals(50, newsLikeStatistics.getSum());
assertEquals(25.0, newsLikeStatistics.getAverage(), 0.001);
assertEquals(35, newsLikeStatistics.getMax());
assertEquals(15, newsLikeStatistics.getMin());
}
@Test
public void givenAListOfPosts_whenGroupedByComplexMapKeyType_thenGetAMapBetweenTupleAndList() {
Map<Tuple, List<BlogPost>> postsPerTypeAndAuthor = posts.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(post -> new Tuple(post.getType(), post.getAuthor())));
List<BlogPost> result = postsPerTypeAndAuthor.get(new Tuple(BlogPostType.GUIDE, "Author 1"));
assertThat(result.size()).isEqualTo(1);
BlogPost blogPost = result.get(0);
assertThat(blogPost.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Programming guide");
assertThat(blogPost.getType()).isEqualTo(BlogPostType.GUIDE);
assertThat(blogPost.getAuthor()).isEqualTo("Author 1");
}
}
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
<version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
<version>${junit-platform.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@
<properties>
<!-- testing -->
<assertj.version>3.10.0</assertj.version>
<junit.platform.version>1.2.0</junit.platform.version>
<awaitility.version>1.7.0</awaitility.version>
<maven.compiler.source>1.9</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.9</maven.compiler.target>
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ This module contains articles about core Java features that have been introduced
- [New Features in Java 9](https://www.baeldung.com/new-java-9)
- [Java 9 Variable Handles Demystified](http://www.baeldung.com/java-variable-handles)
- [Exploring the New HTTP Client in Java 9 and 11](http://www.baeldung.com/java-9-http-client)
- [Multi-Release Jar Files](https://www.baeldung.com/java-multi-release-jar)
- [Ahead of Time Compilation (AoT)](https://www.baeldung.com/ahead-of-time-compilation)
- [Introduction to Java 9 StackWalking API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-stackwalking-api)
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
<version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
<version>${junit-platform.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>incubator-features</id>
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
</build>
</profile>
</profiles>
<build>
<finalName>core-java-9-new-features</finalName>
<plugins>
@@ -158,7 +158,6 @@
<rxjava.version>3.0.0</rxjava.version>
<!-- testing -->
<assertj.version>3.10.0</assertj.version>
<junit.platform.version>1.2.0</junit.platform.version>
<awaitility.version>4.0.2</awaitility.version>
<maven.compiler.source>1.9</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.9</maven.compiler.target>
@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package com.baeldung.httpclient;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpClient;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpRequest;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpRequest.BodyProcessor;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpResponse;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpResponse.BodyHandler;
/**
*
* @author pkaria
*/
public class HttpClientExample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
httpGetRequest();
httpPostRequest();
asynchronousRequest();
asynchronousMultipleRequests();
}
public static void httpGetRequest() throws URISyntaxException, IOException, InterruptedException {
HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
URI httpURI = new URI("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1");
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder(httpURI).GET()
.headers("Accept-Enconding", "gzip, deflate").build();
HttpResponse<String> response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
String responseBody = response.body();
int responseStatusCode = response.statusCode();
System.out.println(responseBody);
}
public static void httpPostRequest() throws URISyntaxException, IOException, InterruptedException {
HttpClient client = HttpClient
.newBuilder()
.build();
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest
.newBuilder(new URI("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts"))
.POST(BodyProcessor.fromString("Sample Post Request"))
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response
= client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
String responseBody = response.body();
System.out.println(responseBody);
}
public static void asynchronousRequest() throws URISyntaxException {
HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
URI httpURI = new URI("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1");
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder(httpURI).GET().build();
CompletableFuture<HttpResponse<String>> futureResponse = client.sendAsync(request,
HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
}
public static void asynchronousMultipleRequests() throws URISyntaxException {
List<URI> targets = Arrays.asList(new URI("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1"), new URI("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/2"));
HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
List<CompletableFuture<File>> futures = targets
.stream()
.map(target -> client
.sendAsync(
HttpRequest.newBuilder(target)
.GET()
.build(),
BodyHandler.asFile(Paths.get("base", target.getPath())))
.thenApply(response -> response.body())
.thenApply(path -> path.toFile()))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
}
}
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
module com.baeldung.httpclient {
requires jdk.incubator.httpclient;
}
@@ -1,218 +0,0 @@
package com.baeldung.java9.httpclient;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpClient;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpRequest;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpResponse;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.containsString;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.collection.IsEmptyCollection.empty;
import static org.hamcrest.core.IsNot.not;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
/**
* Created by adam.
*/
public class HttpClientIntegrationTest {
@Test
public void shouldReturnSampleDataContentWhenConnectViaSystemProxy() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/post"))
.headers("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
.POST(HttpRequest.BodyProcessor.fromString("Sample body"))
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.proxy(ProxySelector.getDefault())
.build()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response.body(), containsString("Sample body"));
}
@Test
public void shouldNotFollowRedirectWhenSetToDefaultNever() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("http://stackoverflow.com"))
.version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_1_1)
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.build()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_MOVED_PERM));
assertThat(response.body(), containsString(""));
}
@Test
public void shouldFollowRedirectWhenSetToAlways() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("http://stackoverflow.com"))
.version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_1_1)
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.ALWAYS)
.build()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response.finalRequest()
.uri()
.toString(), equalTo("https://stackoverflow.com/"));
}
@Test
public void shouldReturnOKStatusForAuthenticatedAccess() throws URISyntaxException, IOException, InterruptedException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/basic-auth"))
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.authenticator(new Authenticator() {
@Override
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("postman", "password".toCharArray());
}
})
.build()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
}
@Test
public void shouldSendRequestAsync() throws URISyntaxException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/post"))
.headers("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
.POST(HttpRequest.BodyProcessor.fromString("Sample body"))
.build();
CompletableFuture<HttpResponse<String>> response = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.build()
.sendAsync(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.get()
.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
}
@Test
public void shouldUseJustTwoThreadWhenProcessingSendAsyncRequest() throws URISyntaxException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get"))
.GET()
.build();
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
CompletableFuture<HttpResponse<String>> response1 = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.executor(executorService)
.build()
.sendAsync(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
CompletableFuture<HttpResponse<String>> response2 = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.executor(executorService)
.build()
.sendAsync(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
CompletableFuture<HttpResponse<String>> response3 = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.executor(executorService)
.build()
.sendAsync(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
CompletableFuture.allOf(response1, response2, response3)
.join();
assertThat(response1.get()
.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response2.get()
.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response3.get()
.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
}
@Test
public void shouldNotStoreCookieWhenPolicyAcceptNone() throws URISyntaxException, IOException, InterruptedException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get"))
.GET()
.build();
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.cookieManager(new CookieManager(null, CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_NONE))
.build();
httpClient.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(httpClient.cookieManager()
.get()
.getCookieStore()
.getCookies(), empty());
}
@Test
public void shouldStoreCookieWhenPolicyAcceptAll() throws URISyntaxException, IOException, InterruptedException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get"))
.GET()
.build();
HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.cookieManager(new CookieManager(null, CookiePolicy.ACCEPT_ALL))
.build();
httpClient.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(httpClient.cookieManager()
.get()
.getCookieStore()
.getCookies(), not(empty()));
}
@Test
public void shouldProcessMultipleRequestViaStream() throws URISyntaxException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
List<URI> targets = Arrays.asList(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get?foo1=bar1"), new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get?foo2=bar2"));
HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
List<CompletableFuture<String>> futures = targets.stream()
.map(target -> client.sendAsync(HttpRequest.newBuilder(target)
.GET()
.build(), HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString())
.thenApply(response -> response.body()))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
CompletableFuture.allOf(futures.toArray(new CompletableFuture[0]))
.join();
if (futures.get(0)
.get()
.contains("foo1")) {
assertThat(futures.get(0)
.get(), containsString("bar1"));
assertThat(futures.get(1)
.get(), containsString("bar2"));
} else {
assertThat(futures.get(1)
.get(), containsString("bar2"));
assertThat(futures.get(1)
.get(), containsString("bar1"));
}
}
}
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
package com.baeldung.java9.httpclient;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpClient;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpRequest;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpResponse;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.time.Duration;
import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.SECONDS;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.containsString;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
/**
* Created by adam.
*/
public class HttpRequestIntegrationTest {
@Test
public void shouldReturnStatusOKWhenSendGetRequest() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get"))
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
}
@Test
public void shouldUseHttp2WhenWebsiteUsesHttp2() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://stackoverflow.com"))
.version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2)
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response.version(), equalTo(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2));
}
@Test
public void shouldFallbackToHttp1_1WhenWebsiteDoesNotUseHttp2() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get"))
.version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2)
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.version(), equalTo(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_1_1));
}
@Test
public void shouldReturnStatusOKWhenSendGetRequestWithDummyHeaders() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get"))
.headers("key1", "value1", "key2", "value2")
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
}
@Test
public void shouldReturnStatusOKWhenSendGetRequestTimeoutSet() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get"))
.timeout(Duration.of(10, SECONDS))
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
}
@Test
public void shouldReturnNoContentWhenPostWithNoBody() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/post"))
.POST(HttpRequest.noBody())
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
}
@Test
public void shouldReturnSampleDataContentWhenPostWithBodyText() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/post"))
.headers("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
.POST(HttpRequest.BodyProcessor.fromString("Sample request body"))
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response.body(), containsString("Sample request body"));
}
@Test
public void shouldReturnSampleDataContentWhenPostWithInputStream() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
byte[] sampleData = "Sample request body".getBytes();
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/post"))
.headers("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
.POST(HttpRequest.BodyProcessor.fromInputStream(() -> new ByteArrayInputStream(sampleData)))
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response.body(), containsString("Sample request body"));
}
@Test
public void shouldReturnSampleDataContentWhenPostWithByteArrayProcessorStream() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
byte[] sampleData = "Sample request body".getBytes();
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/post"))
.headers("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
.POST(HttpRequest.BodyProcessor.fromByteArray(sampleData))
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response.body(), containsString("Sample request body"));
}
@Test
public void shouldReturnSampleDataContentWhenPostWithFileProcessorStream() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/post"))
.headers("Content-Type", "text/plain;charset=UTF-8")
.POST(HttpRequest.BodyProcessor.fromFile(Paths.get("src/test/resources/sample.txt")))
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response.body(), containsString("Sample file content"));
}
}
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
package com.baeldung.java9.httpclient;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpClient;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpRequest;
import jdk.incubator.http.HttpResponse;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.isEmptyString;
import static org.hamcrest.core.IsNot.not;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
/**
* Created by adam.
*/
public class HttpResponseIntegrationTest {
@Test
public void shouldReturnStatusOKWhenSendGetRequest() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("https://postman-echo.com/get"))
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newHttpClient()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(response.statusCode(), equalTo(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK));
assertThat(response.body(), not(isEmptyString()));
}
@Test
public void shouldResponseURIDifferentThanRequestUIRWhenRedirect() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {
HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
.uri(new URI("http://stackoverflow.com"))
.version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_1_1)
.GET()
.build();
HttpResponse<String> response = HttpClient.newBuilder()
.followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.ALWAYS)
.build()
.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandler.asString());
assertThat(request.uri()
.toString(), equalTo("http://stackoverflow.com"));
assertThat(response.uri()
.toString(), equalTo("https://stackoverflow.com/"));
}
}
+1 -2
View File
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
<version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
<version>${junit-platform.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@
<properties>
<!-- testing -->
<assertj.version>3.10.0</assertj.version>
<junit.platform.version>1.2.0</junit.platform.version>
<awaitility.version>1.7.0</awaitility.version>
<maven.compiler.source>1.9</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.9</maven.compiler.target>
@@ -12,3 +12,4 @@
- [Efficient Word Frequency Calculator in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-word-frequency)
- [Why Missing Annotations Dont Cause ClassNotFoundException](https://www.baeldung.com/classnotfoundexception-missing-annotation)
- [Valid @SuppressWarnings Warning Names](https://www.baeldung.com/java-suppresswarnings-valid-names)
- [Get a Fields Annotations Using Reflection](https://www.baeldung.com/java-get-field-annotations)
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-annotations</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
@@ -12,9 +12,21 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj-core.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<assertj-core.version>3.10.0</assertj-core.version>
</properties>
<build>
<finalName>core-java-annotations</finalName>
<resources>
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
package com.baeldung.readannotations;
public class ClassWithAnnotations {
@FirstAnnotation
@SecondAnnotation
@ThirdAnnotation
private String classMember;
}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
package com.baeldung.readannotations;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface FirstAnnotation {
}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
package com.baeldung.readannotations;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface SecondAnnotation {
}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
package com.baeldung.readannotations;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
public @interface ThirdAnnotation {
}
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
package com.baeldung.readannotations;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
public class ClassWithAnnotationsUnitTest {
@Test
public void whenCallingGetDeclaredAnnotations_thenOnlyRuntimeAnnotationsAreAvailable() throws NoSuchFieldException {
Field classMemberField = ClassWithAnnotations.class.getDeclaredField("classMember");
Annotation[] annotations = classMemberField.getDeclaredAnnotations();
assertThat(annotations).hasSize(2);
}
@Test
public void whenCallingIsAnnotationPresent_thenOnlyRuntimeAnnotationsAreAvailable() throws NoSuchFieldException {
Field classMemberField = ClassWithAnnotations.class.getDeclaredField("classMember");
assertThat(classMemberField.isAnnotationPresent(FirstAnnotation.class)).isTrue();
assertThat(classMemberField.isAnnotationPresent(SecondAnnotation.class)).isTrue();
assertThat(classMemberField.isAnnotationPresent(ThirdAnnotation.class)).isFalse();
}
@Test
public void whenCallingGetDeclaredAnnotationsOrGetAnnotations_thenSameAnnotationsAreReturned() throws NoSuchFieldException {
Field classMemberField = ClassWithAnnotations.class.getDeclaredField("classMember");
Annotation[] declaredAnnotations = classMemberField.getDeclaredAnnotations();
Annotation[] annotations = classMemberField.getAnnotations();
assertThat(declaredAnnotations).containsExactly(annotations);
}
}
@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ This module contains articles about arrays conversion in Java
## Relevant Articles
- [Convert a Float to a Byte Array in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-float-to-byte-array)
- [Converting Between Stream and Array in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-stream-to-array)
- [Convert a Byte Array to a Numeric Representation in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-byte-array-to-number)
@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>${guava.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
package com.baeldung.array.conversions;
import com.google.common.primitives.Ints;
import com.google.common.primitives.Longs;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.Conversion;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.util.Arrays;
class ByteArrayToNumericRepresentation {
static int convertByteArrayToIntUsingShiftOperator(byte[] bytes) {
int value = 0;
for (byte b : bytes) {
value = (value << 8) + (b & 0xFF);
}
return value;
}
static byte[] convertIntToByteArrayUsingShiftOperator(int value) {
byte[] bytes = new byte[Integer.BYTES];
int length = bytes.length;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
bytes[length - i - 1] = (byte) (value & 0xFF);
value >>= 8;
}
return bytes;
}
static long convertByteArrayToLongUsingShiftOperator(byte[] bytes) {
long value = 0;
for (byte b : bytes) {
value <<= 8;
value |= (b & 0xFF);
}
return value;
}
static byte[] convertLongToByteArrayUsingShiftOperator(long value) {
byte[] bytes = new byte[Long.BYTES];
int length = bytes.length;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
bytes[length - i - 1] = (byte) (value & 0xFF);
value >>= 8;
}
return bytes;
}
static float convertByteArrayToFloatUsingShiftOperator(byte[] bytes) {
// convert bytes to int
int intValue = 0;
for (byte b : bytes) {
intValue = (intValue << 8) + (b & 0xFF);
}
// convert int to float
return Float.intBitsToFloat(intValue);
}
static byte[] convertFloatToByteArrayUsingShiftOperator(float value) {
// convert float to int
int intValue = Float.floatToIntBits(value);
// convert int to bytes
byte[] bytes = new byte[Float.BYTES];
int length = bytes.length;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
bytes[length - i - 1] = (byte) (intValue & 0xFF);
intValue >>= 8;
}
return bytes;
}
static double convertingByteArrayToDoubleUsingShiftOperator(byte[] bytes) {
long longValue = 0;
for (byte b : bytes) {
longValue = (longValue << 8) + (b & 0xFF);
}
return Double.longBitsToDouble(longValue);
}
static byte[] convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingShiftOperator(double value) {
long longValue = Double.doubleToLongBits(value);
byte[] bytes = new byte[Double.BYTES];
int length = bytes.length;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
bytes[length - i - 1] = (byte) (longValue & 0xFF);
longValue >>= 8;
}
return bytes;
}
static int convertByteArrayToIntUsingByteBuffer(byte[] bytes) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Integer.BYTES);
buffer.put(bytes);
buffer.rewind();
return buffer.getInt();
}
static byte[] convertIntToByteArrayUsingByteBuffer(int value) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Integer.BYTES);
buffer.putInt(value);
buffer.rewind();
return buffer.array();
}
static long convertByteArrayToLongUsingByteBuffer(byte[] bytes) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Long.BYTES);
buffer.put(bytes);
buffer.rewind();
return buffer.getLong();
}
static byte[] convertLongToByteArrayUsingByteBuffer(long value) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Long.BYTES);
buffer.putLong(value);
buffer.rewind();
return buffer.array();
}
static float convertByteArrayToFloatUsingByteBuffer(byte[] bytes) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Float.BYTES);
buffer.put(bytes);
buffer.rewind();
return buffer.getFloat();
}
static byte[] convertFloatToByteArrayUsingByteBuffer(float value) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Float.BYTES);
buffer.putFloat(value);
buffer.rewind();
return buffer.array();
}
static double convertByteArrayToDoubleUsingByteBuffer(byte[] bytes) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Double.BYTES);
buffer.put(bytes);
buffer.rewind();
return buffer.getDouble();
}
static byte[] convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingByteBuffer(double value) {
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(Double.BYTES);
buffer.putDouble(value);
buffer.rewind();
return buffer.array();
}
static int convertByteArrayToIntUsingBigInteger(byte[] bytes) {
return new BigInteger(bytes).intValue();
}
static byte[] convertIntToByteArrayUsingBigInteger(int value) {
return BigInteger.valueOf(value).toByteArray();
}
static long convertByteArrayToLongUsingBigInteger(byte[] bytes) {
return new BigInteger(bytes).longValue();
}
static byte[] convertLongToByteArrayUsingBigInteger(long value) {
return BigInteger.valueOf(value).toByteArray();
}
static float convertByteArrayToFloatUsingBigInteger(byte[] bytes) {
int intValue = new BigInteger(bytes).intValue();
return Float.intBitsToFloat(intValue);
}
static byte[] convertFloatToByteArrayUsingBigInteger(float value) {
int intValue = Float.floatToIntBits(value);
return BigInteger.valueOf(intValue).toByteArray();
}
static double convertByteArrayToDoubleUsingBigInteger(byte[] bytes) {
long longValue = new BigInteger(bytes).longValue();
return Double.longBitsToDouble(longValue);
}
static byte[] convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingBigInteger(double value) {
long longValue = Double.doubleToLongBits(value);
return BigInteger.valueOf(longValue).toByteArray();
}
static int convertingByteArrayToIntUsingGuava(byte[] bytes) {
return Ints.fromByteArray(bytes);
}
static byte[] convertIntToByteArrayUsingGuava(int value) {
return Ints.toByteArray(value);
}
static long convertByteArrayToLongUsingGuava(byte[] bytes) {
return Longs.fromByteArray(bytes);
}
static byte[] convertLongToByteArrayUsingGuava(long value) {
return Longs.toByteArray(value);
}
static float convertByteArrayToFloatUsingGuava(byte[] bytes) {
int intValue = Ints.fromByteArray(bytes);
return Float.intBitsToFloat(intValue);
}
static byte[] convertFloatToByteArrayUsingGuava(float value) {
int intValue = Float.floatToIntBits(value);
return Ints.toByteArray(intValue);
}
static double convertByteArrayToDoubleUsingGuava(byte[] bytes) {
long longValue = Longs.fromByteArray(bytes);
return Double.longBitsToDouble(longValue);
}
static byte[] convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingGuava(double value) {
long longValue = Double.doubleToLongBits(value);
return Longs.toByteArray(longValue);
}
static int convertByteArrayToIntUsingCommonsLang(byte[] bytes) {
byte[] copyBytes = Arrays.copyOf(bytes, bytes.length);
ArrayUtils.reverse(copyBytes);
return Conversion.byteArrayToInt(copyBytes, 0, 0, 0, copyBytes.length);
}
static byte[] convertIntToByteArrayUsingCommonsLang(int value) {
byte[] bytes = new byte[Integer.BYTES];
Conversion.intToByteArray(value, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
ArrayUtils.reverse(bytes);
return bytes;
}
static long convertByteArrayToLongUsingCommonsLang(byte[] bytes) {
byte[] copyBytes = Arrays.copyOf(bytes, bytes.length);
ArrayUtils.reverse(copyBytes);
return Conversion.byteArrayToLong(copyBytes, 0, 0, 0, copyBytes.length);
}
static byte[] convertLongToByteArrayUsingCommonsLang(long value) {
byte[] bytes = new byte[Long.BYTES];
Conversion.longToByteArray(value, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
ArrayUtils.reverse(bytes);
return bytes;
}
static float convertByteArrayToFloatUsingCommonsLang(byte[] bytes) {
byte[] copyBytes = Arrays.copyOf(bytes, bytes.length);
ArrayUtils.reverse(copyBytes);
int intValue = Conversion.byteArrayToInt(copyBytes, 0, 0, 0, copyBytes.length);
return Float.intBitsToFloat(intValue);
}
static byte[] convertFloatToByteArrayUsingCommonsLang(float value) {
int intValue = Float.floatToIntBits(value);
byte[] bytes = new byte[Float.BYTES];
Conversion.intToByteArray(intValue, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
ArrayUtils.reverse(bytes);
return bytes;
}
static double convertByteArrayToDoubleUsingCommonsLang(byte[] bytes) {
byte[] copyBytes = Arrays.copyOf(bytes, bytes.length);
ArrayUtils.reverse(copyBytes);
long longValue = Conversion.byteArrayToLong(copyBytes, 0, 0, 0, copyBytes.length);
return Double.longBitsToDouble(longValue);
}
static byte[] convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingCommonsLang(double value) {
long longValue = Double.doubleToLongBits(value);
byte[] bytes = new byte[Long.BYTES];
Conversion.longToByteArray(longValue, 0, bytes, 0, bytes.length);
ArrayUtils.reverse(bytes);
return bytes;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
package com.baeldung.array.conversions;
import org.junit.Test;
import static com.baeldung.array.conversions.ByteArrayToNumericRepresentation.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
public class ByteArrayToNumericRepresentationUnitTest {
private static final byte[] INT_BYTE_ARRAY = new byte[]{
(byte) 0xCA, (byte) 0xFE, (byte) 0xBA, (byte) 0xBE
};
private static final int INT_VALUE = 0xCAFEBABE;
private static final byte[] FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY = new byte[]{
(byte) 0x40, (byte) 0x48, (byte) 0xF5, (byte) 0xC3
};
private static final float FLOAT_VALUE = 3.14F;
private static final byte[] LONG_BYTE_ARRAY = new byte[]{
(byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x23, (byte) 0x45, (byte) 0x67,
(byte) 0x89, (byte) 0xAB, (byte) 0xCD, (byte) 0xEF
};
private static final long LONG_VALUE = 0x0123456789ABCDEFL;
private static final byte[] DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY = new byte[]{
(byte) 0x3F, (byte) 0xE3, (byte) 0xC6, (byte) 0xA7,
(byte) 0xEF, (byte) 0x9D, (byte) 0xB2, (byte) 0x2D
};
private static final double DOUBLE_VALUE = 0.618D;
@Test
public void givenShiftOperator_whenConvertingByteArrayToInt_thenSuccess() {
int value = convertByteArrayToIntUsingShiftOperator(INT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(INT_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenShiftOperator_whenConvertingIntToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertIntToByteArrayUsingShiftOperator(INT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(INT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenShiftOperator_whenConvertingByteArrayToLong_thenSuccess() {
long value = convertByteArrayToLongUsingShiftOperator(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(LONG_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenShiftOperator_whenConvertingLongToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertLongToByteArrayUsingShiftOperator(LONG_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenShiftOperator_whenConvertingByteArrayToFloat_thenSuccess() {
float value = convertByteArrayToFloatUsingShiftOperator(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Float.floatToIntBits(FLOAT_VALUE), Float.floatToIntBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenShiftOperator_whenConvertingFloatToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertFloatToByteArrayUsingShiftOperator(FLOAT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenShiftOperator_whenConvertingByteArrayToDouble_thenSuccess() {
double value = convertingByteArrayToDoubleUsingShiftOperator(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Double.doubleToLongBits(DOUBLE_VALUE), Double.doubleToLongBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenShiftOperator_whenConvertingDoubleToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingShiftOperator(DOUBLE_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenByteBuffer_whenConvertingByteArrayToInt_thenSuccess() {
int value = convertByteArrayToIntUsingByteBuffer(INT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(INT_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenByteBuffer_whenConvertingIntToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertIntToByteArrayUsingByteBuffer(INT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(INT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenByteBuffer_whenConvertingByteArrayToLong_thenSuccess() {
long value = convertByteArrayToLongUsingByteBuffer(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(LONG_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenByteBuffer_whenConvertingLongToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertLongToByteArrayUsingByteBuffer(LONG_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenByteBuffer_whenConvertingByteArrayToFloat_thenSuccess() {
float value = convertByteArrayToFloatUsingByteBuffer(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Float.floatToIntBits(FLOAT_VALUE), Float.floatToIntBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenByteBuffer_whenConvertingFloatToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertFloatToByteArrayUsingByteBuffer(FLOAT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenByteBuffer_whenConvertingByteArrayToDouble_thenSuccess() {
double value = convertByteArrayToDoubleUsingByteBuffer(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Double.doubleToLongBits(DOUBLE_VALUE), Double.doubleToLongBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenByteBuffer_whenConvertingDoubleToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingByteBuffer(DOUBLE_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenBigInteger_whenConvertingByteArrayToInt_thenSuccess() {
int value = convertByteArrayToIntUsingBigInteger(INT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(INT_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenBigInteger_whenConvertingIntToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertIntToByteArrayUsingBigInteger(INT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(INT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenBigInteger_whenConvertingByteArrayToLong_thenSuccess() {
long value = convertByteArrayToLongUsingBigInteger(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(LONG_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenBigInteger_whenConvertingLongToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertLongToByteArrayUsingBigInteger(LONG_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenBigInteger_whenConvertingByteArrayToFloat_thenSuccess() {
float value = convertByteArrayToFloatUsingBigInteger(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Float.floatToIntBits(FLOAT_VALUE), Float.floatToIntBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenBigInteger_whenConvertingFloatToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertFloatToByteArrayUsingBigInteger(FLOAT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenBigInteger_whenConvertingByteArrayToDouble_thenSuccess() {
double value = convertByteArrayToDoubleUsingBigInteger(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Double.doubleToLongBits(DOUBLE_VALUE), Double.doubleToLongBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenBigInteger_whenConvertingDoubleToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingBigInteger(DOUBLE_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenGuava_whenConvertingByteArrayToInt_thenSuccess() {
int value = convertingByteArrayToIntUsingGuava(INT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(INT_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenGuava_whenConvertingIntToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertIntToByteArrayUsingGuava(INT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(INT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenGuava_whenConvertingByteArrayToLong_thenSuccess() {
long value = convertByteArrayToLongUsingGuava(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(LONG_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenGuava_whenConvertingLongToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertLongToByteArrayUsingGuava(LONG_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenGuava_whenConvertingByteArrayToFloat_thenSuccess() {
float value = convertByteArrayToFloatUsingGuava(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Float.floatToIntBits(FLOAT_VALUE), Float.floatToIntBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenGuava_whenConvertingFloatToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertFloatToByteArrayUsingGuava(FLOAT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenGuava_whenConvertingByteArrayToDouble_thenSuccess() {
double value = convertByteArrayToDoubleUsingGuava(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Double.doubleToLongBits(DOUBLE_VALUE), Double.doubleToLongBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenGuava_whenConvertingDoubleToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingGuava(DOUBLE_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenCommonsLang_whenConvertingByteArrayToInt_thenSuccess() {
int value = convertByteArrayToIntUsingCommonsLang(INT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(INT_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenCommonsLang_whenConvertingIntToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertIntToByteArrayUsingCommonsLang(INT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(INT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenCommonsLang_whenConvertingByteArrayToLong_thenSuccess() {
long value = convertByteArrayToLongUsingCommonsLang(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(LONG_VALUE, value);
}
@Test
public void givenCommonsLang_whenConvertingLongToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertLongToByteArrayUsingCommonsLang(LONG_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(LONG_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenCommonsLang_whenConvertingByteArrayToFloat_thenSuccess() {
float value = convertByteArrayToFloatUsingCommonsLang(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Float.floatToIntBits(FLOAT_VALUE), Float.floatToIntBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenCommonsLang_whenConvertingFloatToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertFloatToByteArrayUsingCommonsLang(FLOAT_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(FLOAT_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
@Test
public void givenCommonsLang_whenConvertingByteArrayToDouble_thenSuccess() {
double value = convertByteArrayToDoubleUsingCommonsLang(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY);
assertEquals(Double.doubleToLongBits(DOUBLE_VALUE), Double.doubleToLongBits(value));
}
@Test
public void givenCommonsLang_whenConvertingDoubleToByteArray_thenSuccess() {
byte[] bytes = convertDoubleToByteArrayUsingCommonsLang(DOUBLE_VALUE);
assertArrayEquals(DOUBLE_BYTE_ARRAY, bytes);
}
}
@@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ This module contains articles about advanced operations on arrays in Java. They
- [Intersection Between two Integer Arrays](https://www.baeldung.com/java-array-intersection)
- [Comparing Arrays in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-comparing-arrays)
- [Concatenate Two Arrays in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-concatenate-arrays)
- [Performance of System.arraycopy() vs. Arrays.copyOf()](https://www.baeldung.com/java-system-arraycopy-arrays-copyof-performance)
@@ -26,10 +26,50 @@
<version>${assertj-core.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
<version>${jmh.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
<version>${jmh.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<assertj-core.version>3.10.0</assertj-core.version>
<jmh.version>1.33</jmh.version>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.baeldung.copyarraymethodsperformance.BenchmarkRunner</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
package com.baeldung.copyarraymethodsperformance;
public class BenchmarkRunner {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
org.openjdk.jmh.Main.main(args);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
package com.baeldung.copyarraymethodsperformance;
import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
@State(Scope.Thread)
@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
@Warmup(iterations = 10)
@Fork(1)
@Measurement(iterations = 100)
public class ObjectsCopyBenchmark {
@Param({ "10", "1000000" })
public int SIZE;
Integer[] src;
@Setup
public void setup() {
Random r = new Random();
src = new Integer[SIZE];
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
src[i] = r.nextInt();
}
}
@Benchmark
public Integer[] systemArrayCopyBenchmark() {
Integer[] target = new Integer[SIZE];
System.arraycopy(src, 0, target, 0, SIZE);
return target;
}
@Benchmark
public Integer[] arraysCopyOfBenchmark() {
return Arrays.copyOf(src, SIZE);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
package com.baeldung.copyarraymethodsperformance;
import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
@State(Scope.Thread)
@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
@Warmup(iterations = 10)
@Fork(1)
@Measurement(iterations = 100)
public class PrimitivesCopyBenchmark {
@Param({ "10", "1000000" })
public int SIZE;
int[] src;
@Setup
public void setup() {
Random r = new Random();
src = new int[SIZE];
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
src[i] = r.nextInt();
}
}
@Benchmark
public int[] systemArrayCopyBenchmark() {
int[] target = new int[SIZE];
System.arraycopy(src, 0, target, 0, SIZE);
return target;
}
@Benchmark
public int[] arraysCopyOfBenchmark() {
return Arrays.copyOf(src, SIZE);
}
}
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -78,4 +77,5 @@
<guava.version>28.2-jre</guava.version>
<assertj-core.version>3.10.0</assertj-core.version>
</properties>
</project>
+1 -2
View File
@@ -7,12 +7,11 @@
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-char</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -6,12 +6,11 @@
<artifactId>core-java-collections-2</artifactId>
<name>core-java-collections-2</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
<version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
<version>${junit-platform.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
@@ -53,7 +52,6 @@
<eclipse.collections.version>7.1.0</eclipse.collections.version>
<commons-collections4.version>4.1</commons-collections4.version>
<assertj.version>3.11.1</assertj.version>
<junit.platform.version>1.2.0</junit.platform.version>
<commons-exec.version>1.3</commons-exec.version>
</properties>
@@ -7,12 +7,11 @@
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-collections-3</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -1,31 +1,30 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-collections-4</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-collections-4</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-collections-4</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-collections-4</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
</parent>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<assertj.version>3.19.0</assertj.version>
</properties>
<properties>
<assertj.version>3.19.0</assertj.version>
</properties>
</project>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ This module contains articles about Map data structures in Java.
- [The Map.computeIfAbsent() Method](https://www.baeldung.com/java-map-computeifabsent)
- [Collections.synchronizedMap vs. ConcurrentHashMap](https://www.baeldung.com/java-synchronizedmap-vs-concurrenthashmap)
- [Java HashMap Load Factor](https://www.baeldung.com/java-hashmap-load-factor)
- [Converting java.util.Properties to HashMap](https://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-properties-to-hashmap)
- [Converting Java Properties to HashMap](https://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-properties-to-hashmap)
- More articles: [[<-- prev]](/core-java-modules/core-java-collections-maps-2)
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
package com.baeldung.map.hashmap.entryremoval;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
public class RemoveEntryApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
HashMap<String, String> foodItemTypeMap = new HashMap<>();
foodItemTypeMap.put("Apple", "Fruit");
foodItemTypeMap.put("Grape", "Fruit");
foodItemTypeMap.put("Mango", "Fruit");
foodItemTypeMap.put("Carrot", "Vegetable");
foodItemTypeMap.put("Potato", "Vegetable");
foodItemTypeMap.put("Spinach", "Vegetable");
// Current Map Status: {Potato=Vegetable, Apple=Fruit, Carrot=Vegetable, Grape=Fruit, Mango=Fruit, Spinach=Vegetable}
foodItemTypeMap.remove("Apple");
// Current Map Status: {Potato=Vegetable, Carrot=Vegetable, Grape=Fruit, Mango=Fruit, Spinach=Vegetable}
foodItemTypeMap.remove("Grape", "Vegetable");
// Current Map Status: {Potato=Vegetable, Carrot=Vegetable, Grape=Fruit, Mango=Fruit, Spinach=Vegetable}
try {
for (Entry<String, String> item : foodItemTypeMap.entrySet()) {
if (item.getKey()
.equals("Potato")) {
foodItemTypeMap.remove(item.getKey());
}
}
} catch (ConcurrentModificationException e) {
System.out.println("Exception occured while updating map: " + e.toString());
}
foodItemTypeMap.entrySet()
.removeIf(entry -> entry.getKey()
.equals("Grape"));
// Current Map Status: {Carrot=Vegetable, Mango=Fruit, Spinach=Vegetable}
Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iterator = foodItemTypeMap.entrySet()
.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
if (iterator.next()
.getKey()
.equals("Carrot"))
iterator.remove();
}
// Current Map Status: {Mango=Fruit, Spinach=Vegetable}
// Use ConcurrentHashMap
ConcurrentHashMap<String, String> foodItemTypeConcMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
foodItemTypeConcMap.put("Apple", "Fruit");
foodItemTypeConcMap.put("Grape", "Fruit");
foodItemTypeConcMap.put("Mango", "Fruit");
foodItemTypeConcMap.put("Carrot", "Vegetable");
foodItemTypeConcMap.put("Potato", "Vegetable");
foodItemTypeConcMap.put("Spinach", "Vegetable");
for (Entry<String, String> item : foodItemTypeConcMap.entrySet()) {
if (item.getKey() != null && item.getKey()
.equals("Potato")) {
foodItemTypeConcMap.remove(item.getKey());
}
}
// foodItemTypeConcMap : {Apple=Fruit, Carrot=Vegetable, Grape=Fruit, Mango=Fruit, Spinach=Vegetable}
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
## Java Collections Cookbooks and Examples
This module contains articles about Map data structures in Java.
### Relevant Articles:
- [Using a Custom Class as a Key in a Java HashMap](https://www.baeldung.com/java-custom-class-map-key)
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-collections-maps-4</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-collections-maps-4</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
</parent>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0-M5</version>
<configuration>
<!-- those tests are not made for CI purposes, but for manual testing -->
<groups>!performance</groups>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
package com.baeldung.maps;
import java.util.Objects;
public class CoordinateKey {
private final int x;
private final int y;
private final int hashCode;
public CoordinateKey(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.hashCode = Objects.hash(x, y);
}
public int getX() {
return x;
}
public int getY() {
return y;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o)
return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass())
return false;
CoordinateKey that = (CoordinateKey) o;
return x == that.x && y == that.y;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return this.hashCode;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
package com.baeldung.maps;
import java.util.Objects;
public class CoordinateMutableKey {
private int x;
private int y;
public CoordinateMutableKey(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
public int getX() {
return x;
}
public void setX(int x) {
this.x = x;
}
public int getY() {
return y;
}
public void setY(int y) {
this.y = y;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o)
return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass())
return false;
CoordinateMutableKey that = (CoordinateMutableKey) o;
return x == that.x && y == that.y;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(x, y);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
package com.baeldung.maps;
public class CoordinateSlowKey extends CoordinateKey {
public CoordinateSlowKey(int x, int y) {
super(x, y);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return 1;
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
package com.baeldung.maps;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
public class CoordinateKeyUnitTest {
private Map<CoordinateKey, Color> pixels = new HashMap<>();
@Test
void testOptimalKey() {
// setup
CoordinateKey coord = new CoordinateKey(1, 2);
pixels.put(coord, Color.CYAN);
// read out color correctly
assertEquals(Color.CYAN, pixels.get(coord));
}
@Test
void testSlowKey() {
// setup
CoordinateKey coord = new CoordinateSlowKey(1, 2);
pixels.put(coord, Color.CYAN);
// read out color correctly
assertEquals(Color.CYAN, pixels.get(coord));
}
// Performance Test Parameters - change here
private static final int MAX_X = 100;
private static final int MAX_Y = 100;
private static final int COUNT_OF_QUERIES = 1000;
private static final int QUERY_X = 1;
private static final int QUERY_Y = 1;
@Tag("performance")
@Test
void testKeyPerformance() {
// generate some sample keys and values
for (int x = 0; x < MAX_X; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < MAX_Y; y++) {
pixels.put(new CoordinateKey(x, y), new Color(x % 255, y % 255, (x + y) % 255));
}
}
// read out multiple times and measure time
CoordinateKey coord = new CoordinateKey(QUERY_X, QUERY_Y);
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < COUNT_OF_QUERIES; i++) {
assertNotNull(pixels.get(coord));
}
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.printf("Optimal key performance: %d ms%n", t2 - t1);
}
@Tag("performance")
@Test
void testSlowKeyPerformance() {
// generate some sample keys and values
for (int x = 0; x < MAX_X; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < MAX_Y; y++) {
pixels.put(new CoordinateSlowKey(x, y), new Color(x % 255, y % 255, (x + y) % 255));
}
}
// read out multiple times and measure time
CoordinateKey coord = new CoordinateSlowKey(QUERY_X, QUERY_Y);
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < COUNT_OF_QUERIES; i++) {
assertNotNull(pixels.get(coord));
}
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.printf("Slow key performance: %d ms%n", t2 - t1);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
package com.baeldung.maps;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
public class CoordinateMutableKeyUnitTest {
@Test
void testKeyMutable() {
// setup
Map<CoordinateMutableKey, Color> pixels = new HashMap<>();
CoordinateMutableKey coord = new CoordinateMutableKey(1, 2);
pixels.put(coord, Color.CYAN);
// read out color correctly
assertEquals(Color.CYAN, pixels.get(coord));
// change key's hashcode should result in null value
coord.setX(10);
assertNull(pixels.get(coord));
}
}
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -33,5 +32,5 @@
<commons-collections4.version>4.1</commons-collections4.version>
<assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>
</properties>
</project>
</project>
@@ -7,12 +7,11 @@
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-collections</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,14 +12,12 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
@@ -97,7 +95,6 @@
</build>
<properties>
<junit.version>4.13</junit.version>
<threadweaver.version>0.2</threadweaver.version>
<tempus-fugit.version>1.1</tempus-fugit.version>
<multithreadedtc.version>1.01</multithreadedtc.version>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<build>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -3,6 +3,6 @@
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