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## 为什么使用别名?
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When you are using a VCS repository, you will only get comparable versions for
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branches that look like versions, such as `2.0`. For your `master` branch, you
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will get a `dev-master` version. For your `bugfix` branch, you will get a
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`dev-bugfix` version.
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当你使用 VCS 资源库,你将只会得到类似于这样的版本号:从分支发布的标签获取,它看起来像 `2.0`。比较特殊的是,对于你的 `master` 分支,你会得到一个最新提交的 `dev-master` 版本。对于你的 `bugfix` 分支,你会得到一个最新提交的 `dev-bugfix` 版本。以此类推,这些特殊的版本标识可以用来获取最新的分支源码。
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If your `master` branch is used to tag releases of the `1.0` development line,
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i.e. `1.0.1`, `1.0.2`, `1.0.3`, etc., any package depending on it will
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probably require version `1.0.*`.
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如果你的 `master` 分支使用标签发布了 `1.0` 系列版本,即 `1.0.1`、`1.0.2`、`1.0.3` 等等,任何依赖它的资源包都可能会 require `1.0.*` 这个版本约束。
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If anyone wants to require the latest `dev-master`, they have a problem: Other
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packages may require `1.0.*`, so requiring that dev version will lead to
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conflicts, since `dev-master` does not match the `1.0.*` constraint.
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如果有人想要最新的 `dev-master` 版本,他们将会碰到一个问题:其它的包可能还使用了 `1.0.*` 这个版本约束,因此在 require 这个开发版本时将会产生冲突,因为 `dev-master` 不符合 `1.0.*` 的约束。
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Enter aliases.
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这时,就可以使用别名。
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## Branch alias
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## 分支别名
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The `dev-master` branch is one in your main VCS repo. It is rather common that
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someone will want the latest master dev version. Thus, Composer allows you to
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alias your `dev-master` branch to a `1.0.x-dev` version. It is done by
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specifying a `branch-alias` field under `extra` in `composer.json`:
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`dev-master` 分支是一个在你 VCS 项目上的主分支。有些用户会想要使用最新的开发版本,这是相当常见的情况。因此,Composer 允许你别名你的 `dev-master` 分支为一个 `1.0.x-dev` 的版本。这是通过在 `composer.json` 文件中的 `extra` 下指定 `branch-alias` 字段来完成的:
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{
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"extra": {
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@@ -36,19 +26,13 @@ specifying a `branch-alias` field under `extra` in `composer.json`:
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}
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}
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The branch version must begin with `dev-` (non-comparable version), the alias
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must be a comparable dev version (i.e. start with numbers, and end with
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`.x-dev`). The `branch-alias` must be present on the branch that it references.
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For `dev-master`, you need to commit it on the `master` branch.
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此处的分支版本必须以 `dev-` 开头(不可比较的版本名称),对应的别名必须是可比较的开发版本名称(即,以数字开头,并以 `.x-dev` 结束)。`branch-alias` 所引用的分支必须是存在的。对于 `dev-master` 你需要在 `master` 分支上提交它。
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As a result, anyone can now require `1.0.*` and it will happily install
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`dev-master`.
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其结果是,任何人都可以 require `1.0.*` 版本,并且他们实际将会得到 `dev-master` 版本。
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In order to use branch aliasing, you must own the repository of the package
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being aliased. If you want to alias a third party package without maintaining
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a fork of it, use inline aliases as described below.
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为了定义分支别名,你必须是需要别名的包的所有者。如果你想别名一个第三方包,而又不想 fork 它到自己的版本库,可以使用行内别名,我们在接下来就会提到它。
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## Require inline alias
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## Require 中使用行内别名
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Branch aliases are great for aliasing main development lines. But in order to
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use them you need to have control over the source repository, and you need to
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