Merge branch 'eugenp:master' into master

core-java-modules/core-java-17/README.md

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@
 - [Introduction to HexFormat in Java 17](https://www.baeldung.com/java-hexformat)
 - [New Features in Java 17](https://www.baeldung.com/java-17-new-features)
 - [Random Number Generators in Java 17](https://www.baeldung.com/java-17-random-number-generators)
-- [Sealed Classes and Interfaces in Java 17](https://www.baeldung.com/java-sealed-classes-interfaces)
+- [Sealed Classes and Interfaces in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-sealed-classes-interfaces)

core-java-modules/core-java-collections-list-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/list/aslistvssingletonlist/ArraysAsListVsSingletonListUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package com.baeldung.list.aslistvssingletonlist;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.AssertionsForClassTypes.assertThatExceptionOfType;
+
+class ArraysAsListVsSingletonListUnitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void givenListFromArraysAsList_whenChangingStructureAndElement_thenGetExpectedResult() {
+        List<String> arraysAsList = Arrays.asList("ONE");
+        assertThatExceptionOfType(UnsupportedOperationException.class).isThrownBy(
+            () -> arraysAsList.add("TWO")
+        );
+
+        arraysAsList.set(0, "A brand new string");
+        assertThat(arraysAsList.get(0)).isEqualTo("A brand new string");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenSingletonList_whenChangingStructureAndElement_thenThrowException() {
+        List<String> singletonList = Collections.singletonList("ONE");
+        assertThatExceptionOfType(UnsupportedOperationException.class).isThrownBy(
+            () -> singletonList.add("TWO")
+        );
+        assertThatExceptionOfType(UnsupportedOperationException.class).isThrownBy(
+            () -> singletonList.set(0, "A brand new string")
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenAnArray_whengetListByArraysAsList_thenTheListIsBackedByTheArray() {
+        String[] theArray = new String[] { "ONE", "TWO" };
+        List<String> theList = Arrays.asList(theArray);
+        //changing the list, the array is changed too
+        theList.set(0, "ONE [changed in list]");
+        assertThat(theArray[0]).isEqualTo("ONE [changed in list]");
+
+        //changing the array, the list is changed too
+        theArray[1] = "TWO [changed in array]";
+        assertThat(theList.get(1)).isEqualTo("TWO [changed in array]");
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-collections-list-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/list/replace/ReplaceUsingIndexInArrayListUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package com.baeldung.list.replace;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+class ReplaceUsingIndexInArrayListUnitTest {
+
+    private static final List<Integer> EXPECTED = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
+
+    @Test void givenArrayList_updateUsingSet() {
+        List<Integer> aList = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 7, 4, 5));
+        aList.set(2, 3);
+        assertThat(aList).isEqualTo(EXPECTED);
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced-2/README.md

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ This module contains articles about advanced topics about multithreading with co
 - [Java CyclicBarrier vs CountDownLatch](https://www.baeldung.com/java-cyclicbarrier-countdownlatch)
 - [Guide to the Fork/Join Framework in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-fork-join)
 - [Guide to ThreadLocalRandom in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-thread-local-random)
-- [The Thread.join() Method in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-thread-join)
 - [Passing Parameters to Java Threads](https://www.baeldung.com/java-thread-parameters)
 
 [[<-- previous]](/core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced)[[next -->]](/core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced-3)

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/atomicvsvolatile/SafeAtomicCounter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.baeldung.atomicvsvolatile;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
+
+public class SafeAtomicCounter {
+
+    private final AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(0);
+    
+    public int getValue() {
+        return counter.get();
+    }
+    
+    public void increment() {
+        counter.incrementAndGet();
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/atomicvsvolatile/UnsafeCounter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package com.baeldung.atomicvsvolatile;
+
+public class UnsafeCounter {
+
+    private int counter;
+    
+    public int getValue() {
+        return counter;
+    }
+    
+    public void increment() {
+        counter++;
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced-4/src/main/java/com/baeldung/atomicvsvolatile/UnsafeVolatileCounter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package com.baeldung.atomicvsvolatile;
+
+public class UnsafeVolatileCounter {
+
+    private volatile int counter;
+    
+    public int getValue() {
+        return counter;
+    }
+    
+    public void increment() {
+        counter++;
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced-4/src/test/java/com/baeldung/atomicvsvolatile/SafeAtomicCounterUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package com.baeldung.atomicvsvolatile;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class SafeAtomicCounterUnitTest {
+
+    private static final int INCREMENT_COUNTER = 1000;
+    private static final int TIMEOUT = 100;
+    private static final int POOL_SIZE = 3;
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenMultiThread_whenSafeAtomicCounterIncrement() throws InterruptedException {
+        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(POOL_SIZE);
+        SafeAtomicCounter safeCounter = new SafeAtomicCounter();
+        IntStream.range(0, INCREMENT_COUNTER).forEach(count -> service.submit(safeCounter::increment));
+        service.awaitTermination(TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+        assertEquals(INCREMENT_COUNTER, safeCounter.getValue());
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced/README.md

@@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ This module contains articles about advanced topics about multithreading with co
 - [Guide to the Java Phaser](https://www.baeldung.com/java-phaser)
 - [An Introduction to Atomic Variables in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-atomic-variables)
 - [CyclicBarrier in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-cyclic-barrier)
-- [Guide to the Volatile Keyword in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-volatile)
 - More Articles: [[next -->]](/core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-advanced-2)

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-basic-2/README.md

@@ -5,10 +5,7 @@ This module contains articles about basic Java concurrency
 ### Relevant Articles: 
 
 - [How to Delay Code Execution in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-delay-code-execution)
-- [wait and notify() Methods in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-wait-notify)
 - [Difference Between Wait and Sleep in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-wait-and-sleep)
-- [Guide to the Synchronized Keyword in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-synchronized)
-- [Life Cycle of a Thread in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-thread-lifecycle)
 - [Guide to AtomicMarkableReference](https://www.baeldung.com/java-atomicmarkablereference)
 - [Why are Local Variables Thread-Safe in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-local-variables-thread-safe)
 - [How to Stop Execution After a Certain Time in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-stop-execution-after-certain-time)

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-basic/README.md

@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 This module contains articles about basic Java concurrency
 
 ### Relevant Articles: 
-- [Guide To CompletableFuture](https://www.baeldung.com/java-completablefuture)
-- [A Guide to the Java ExecutorService](https://www.baeldung.com/java-executor-service-tutorial)
 - [Guide to java.util.concurrent.Future](https://www.baeldung.com/java-future)
 - [Overview of the java.util.concurrent](https://www.baeldung.com/java-util-concurrent)
 - [Implementing a Runnable vs Extending a Thread](https://www.baeldung.com/java-runnable-vs-extending-thread)
@@ -12,5 +10,4 @@ This module contains articles about basic Java concurrency
 - [ExecutorService – Waiting for Threads to Finish](https://www.baeldung.com/java-executor-wait-for-threads)
 - [Runnable vs. Callable in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-runnable-callable)
 - [What is Thread-Safety and How to Achieve it?](https://www.baeldung.com/java-thread-safety)
-- [How to Start a Thread in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-start-thread)
 - [[Next -->]](/core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-basic-2)

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-simple/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+### Mockito Articles that are also part of the e-book
+
+This module contains articles about Java Concurrency that are also part of an Ebook.
+
+## Relevant articles:
+
+- [Life Cycle of a Thread in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-thread-lifecycle)
+- [How to Start a Thread in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-start-thread)
+- [Thread's wait and notify() Methods in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-wait-notify)
+- [The Thread.join() Method in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-thread-join)
+- [Guide to the Synchronized Keyword in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-synchronized)
+- [Guide to the Volatile Keyword in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-volatile)
+- [A Guide to the Java ExecutorService](https://www.baeldung.com/java-executor-service-tutorial)
+- [Guide To CompletableFuture](https://www.baeldung.com/java-completablefuture)
+
+### NOTE:
+
+Since this is a module tied to an e-book, it should **not** be moved or used to store the code for any further article.

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-simple/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <artifactId>java-concurrency-simple</artifactId>
+    <version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <name>java-concurrency-simple</name>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
+        <artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+
+    <build>
+        <finalName>java-concurrency-simple</finalName>
+        <resources>
+            <resource>
+                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
+                <filtering>true</filtering>
+            </resource>
+        </resources>
+    </build>
+
+</project>