merge from upstream

JGit/pom.xml

@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
-    <artifactId>JGitSnippets</artifactId>
+    <artifactId>JGit</artifactId>
     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
     <packaging>jar</packaging>
     <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
+	<name>JGit</name>
 
     <parent>
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>

algorithms/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/distancebetweenpoints/DistanceBetweenPointsService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.distancebetweenpoints;
+
+import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
+
+public class DistanceBetweenPointsService {
+
+    public double calculateDistanceBetweenPoints(
+        double x1, 
+        double y1, 
+        double x2, 
+        double y2) {
+        
+        return Math.sqrt((y2 - y1) * (y2 - y1) + (x2 - x1) * (x2 - x1));
+    }
+
+    public double calculateDistanceBetweenPointsWithHypot(
+        double x1, 
+        double y1, 
+        double x2, 
+        double y2) {
+        
+        double ac = Math.abs(y2 - y1);
+        double cb = Math.abs(x2 - x1);
+        
+        return Math.hypot(ac, cb);
+    }
+
+    public double calculateDistanceBetweenPointsWithPoint2D( 
+        double x1, 
+        double y1, 
+        double x2, 
+        double y2) {
+        
+        return Point2D.distance(x1, y1, x2, y2);
+
+    }
+
+}

algorithms/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/rectanglesoverlap/Point.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.rectanglesoverlap;
+
+public class Point {
+
+    private int x;
+    private int y;
+
+    public Point(int x, int y) {
+        this.x = x;
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+    public int getX() {
+        return x;
+    }
+
+    public void setX(int x) {
+        this.x = x;
+    }
+
+    public int getY() {
+        return y;
+    }
+
+    public void setY(int y) {
+        this.y = y;
+    }
+
+}

algorithms/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/rectanglesoverlap/Rectangle.java

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.rectanglesoverlap;
+
+public class Rectangle {
+
+    private Point bottomLeft;
+    private Point topRight;
+
+    public Rectangle(Point bottomLeft, Point topRight) {
+        this.bottomLeft = bottomLeft;
+        this.topRight = topRight;
+    }
+
+    public Point getBottomLeft() {
+        return bottomLeft;
+    }
+
+    public void setBottomLeft(Point bottomLeft) {
+        this.bottomLeft = bottomLeft;
+    }
+
+    public Point getTopRight() {
+        return topRight;
+    }
+
+    public void setTopRight(Point topRight) {
+        this.topRight = topRight;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOverlapping(Rectangle other) {
+        // one rectangle is to the top of the other
+        if (this.topRight.getY() < other.bottomLeft.getY() || this.bottomLeft.getY() > other.topRight.getY()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // one rectangle is to the left of the other
+        if (this.topRight.getX() < other.bottomLeft.getX() || this.bottomLeft.getX() > other.topRight.getX()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+}

algorithms/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/distancebetweenpoints/DistanceBetweenPointsServiceUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.distancebetweenpoints;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import com.baeldung.algorithms.distancebetweenpoints.DistanceBetweenPointsService;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+public class DistanceBetweenPointsServiceUnitTest {
+
+    private DistanceBetweenPointsService service = new DistanceBetweenPointsService();
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenTwoPoints_whenCalculateDistanceByFormula_thenCorrect() {
+
+        double x1 = 3;
+        double y1 = 4;
+        double x2 = 7;
+        double y2 = 1;
+
+        double distance = service.calculateDistanceBetweenPoints(x1, y1, x2, y2);
+
+        assertEquals(distance, 5, 0.001);
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenTwoPoints_whenCalculateDistanceWithHypot_thenCorrect() {
+
+        double x1 = 3;
+        double y1 = 4;
+        double x2 = 7;
+        double y2 = 1;
+
+        double distance = service.calculateDistanceBetweenPointsWithHypot(x1, y1, x2, y2);
+
+        assertEquals(distance, 5, 0.001);
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenTwoPoints_whenCalculateDistanceWithPoint2D_thenCorrect() {
+
+        double x1 = 3;
+        double y1 = 4;
+        double x2 = 7;
+        double y2 = 1;
+
+        double distance = service.calculateDistanceBetweenPointsWithPoint2D(x1, y1, x2, y2);
+
+        assertEquals(distance, 5, 0.001);
+
+    }
+}

algorithms/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/rectanglesoverlap/RectangleUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.rectanglesoverlap;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import com.baeldung.algorithms.rectanglesoverlap.Point;
+import com.baeldung.algorithms.rectanglesoverlap.Rectangle;
+
+public class RectangleUnitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenTwoOverlappingRectangles_whenisOverlappingCalled_shouldReturnTrue() {
+        Rectangle rectangle1 = new Rectangle(new Point(2, 1), new Point(4, 3));
+        Rectangle rectangle2 = new Rectangle(new Point(1, 1), new Point(6, 4));
+        assertTrue(rectangle1.isOverlapping(rectangle2));
+
+        rectangle1 = new Rectangle(new Point(-5, -2), new Point(2, 3));
+        rectangle2 = new Rectangle(new Point(-2, -1), new Point(5, 2));
+        assertTrue(rectangle1.isOverlapping(rectangle2));
+
+        rectangle1 = new Rectangle(new Point(-5, 1), new Point(2, 4));
+        rectangle2 = new Rectangle(new Point(-2, -2), new Point(5, 5));
+        assertTrue(rectangle1.isOverlapping(rectangle2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenTwoNonOverlappingRectangles_whenisOverlappingCalled_shouldReturnFalse() {
+        Rectangle rectangle1 = new Rectangle(new Point(-5, 1), new Point(-3, 4));
+        Rectangle rectangle2 = new Rectangle(new Point(-2, -2), new Point(5, 5));
+        assertFalse(rectangle1.isOverlapping(rectangle2));
+
+        rectangle1 = new Rectangle(new Point(-5, 1), new Point(3, 4));
+        rectangle2 = new Rectangle(new Point(-2, -2), new Point(5, -1));
+        assertFalse(rectangle1.isOverlapping(rectangle2));
+
+        rectangle1 = new Rectangle(new Point(-2, 1), new Point(0, 3));
+        rectangle2 = new Rectangle(new Point(3, 1), new Point(5, 4));
+        assertFalse(rectangle1.isOverlapping(rectangle2));
+    }
+
+}

apache-avro/pom.xml

@@ -4,8 +4,9 @@
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
-    <artifactId>apache-avro-tutorial</artifactId>
+    <artifactId>apache-avro</artifactId>
     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+	<name>Apache Avro</version>
 
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

apache-cxf/README.md

@@ -3,3 +3,4 @@
 - [Apache CXF Support for RESTful Web Services](http://www.baeldung.com/apache-cxf-rest-api)
 - [A Guide to Apache CXF with Spring](http://www.baeldung.com/apache-cxf-with-spring)
 - [Introduction to Apache CXF](http://www.baeldung.com/introduction-to-apache-cxf)
+- [Server-Sent Events (SSE) In JAX-RS](https://www.baeldung.com/java-ee-jax-rs-sse)

apache-cxf/sse-jaxrs/sse-jaxrs-server/pom.xml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
     </properties>
 
     <build>
-        <finalName>${artifactId}</finalName>
+        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>net.wasdev.wlp.maven.plugins</groupId>

aws/.gitignore

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 /target/
+.idea/

aws/src/main/java/com/baeldung/rds/AWSRDSService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+package com.baeldung.rds;
+
+import com.amazonaws.auth.AWSCredentialsProvider;
+import com.amazonaws.auth.AWSStaticCredentialsProvider;
+import com.amazonaws.auth.BasicAWSCredentials;
+import com.amazonaws.regions.Regions;
+import com.amazonaws.services.rds.AmazonRDS;
+import com.amazonaws.services.rds.AmazonRDSClientBuilder;
+import com.amazonaws.services.rds.model.*;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.sql.*;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+public class AWSRDSService {
+
+
+    final static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(AWSRDSService.class.getName());
+    private AWSCredentialsProvider credentials;
+    private AmazonRDS amazonRDS;
+    private String db_username;
+    private String db_password;
+    private String db_database;
+    private String db_hostname;
+
+    /*
+    * User access key and secret key must be set before execute any operation.
+    * Follow the link on how to get the user access and secret key
+    * https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/security/wheres-my-secret-access-key/
+    * **/
+    public AWSRDSService() throws IOException {
+        //Init RDS client with credentials and region.
+        credentials = new
+                AWSStaticCredentialsProvider(new
+                BasicAWSCredentials("<ACCESS_KEY>",
+                "<SECRET_KEY>"));
+        amazonRDS = AmazonRDSClientBuilder.standard().withCredentials(credentials)
+                .withRegion(Regions.AP_SOUTHEAST_2).build();
+        Properties prop = new Properties();
+        InputStream input = AWSRDSService.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
+        prop.load(input);
+        db_username = prop.getProperty("db_username");
+        db_password = prop.getProperty("db_password");
+        db_database = prop.getProperty("db_database");
+    }
+
+    public AWSRDSService(AmazonRDS amazonRDS){
+        this.amazonRDS = amazonRDS;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * create the RDS instance.
+     * After instance creation, update the db_hostname with endpoint in db.properties.
+     * */
+
+    public String launchInstance() {
+
+        String identifier = "";
+        CreateDBInstanceRequest request = new CreateDBInstanceRequest();
+        // RDS instance name
+        request.setDBInstanceIdentifier("Sydney");
+        request.setEngine("postgres");
+        request.setMultiAZ(false);
+        request.setMasterUsername(db_username);
+        request.setMasterUserPassword(db_password);
+        request.setDBName(db_database);
+        request.setStorageType("gp2");
+        request.setAllocatedStorage(10);
+
+        DBInstance instance = amazonRDS.createDBInstance(request);
+
+        // Information about the new RDS instance
+        identifier = instance.getDBInstanceIdentifier();
+        String status = instance.getDBInstanceStatus();
+        Endpoint endpoint = instance.getEndpoint();
+        String endpoint_url = "Endpoint URL not available yet.";
+        if (endpoint != null) {
+            endpoint_url = endpoint.toString();
+        }
+        logger.info(identifier + "\t" + status);
+        logger.info(endpoint_url);
+
+        return identifier;
+
+    }
+
+    // Describe DB instances
+    public void listInstances() {
+        DescribeDBInstancesResult result = amazonRDS.describeDBInstances();
+        List<DBInstance> instances = result.getDBInstances();
+        for (DBInstance instance : instances) {
+            // Information about each RDS instance
+            String identifier = instance.getDBInstanceIdentifier();
+            String engine = instance.getEngine();
+            String status = instance.getDBInstanceStatus();
+            Endpoint endpoint = instance.getEndpoint();
+            String endpoint_url = "Endpoint URL not available yet.";
+            if (endpoint != null) {
+                endpoint_url = endpoint.toString();
+            }
+            logger.info(identifier + "\t" + engine + "\t" + status);
+            logger.info("\t" + endpoint_url);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    //Delete RDS instance
+    public void terminateInstance(String identifier) {
+
+        DeleteDBInstanceRequest request = new DeleteDBInstanceRequest();
+        request.setDBInstanceIdentifier(identifier);
+        request.setSkipFinalSnapshot(true);
+
+        // Delete the RDS instance
+        DBInstance instance = amazonRDS.deleteDBInstance(request);
+
+        // Information about the RDS instance being deleted
+        String status = instance.getDBInstanceStatus();
+        Endpoint endpoint = instance.getEndpoint();
+        String endpoint_url = "Endpoint URL not available yet.";
+        if (endpoint != null) {
+            endpoint_url = endpoint.toString();
+        }
+
+        logger.info(identifier + "\t" + status);
+        logger.info(endpoint_url);
+
+    }
+
+
+    public void runJdbcTests() throws SQLException, IOException {
+
+        // Getting database properties from db.properties
+        Properties prop = new Properties();
+        InputStream input = AWSRDSService.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("db.properties");
+        prop.load(input);
+        db_hostname = prop.getProperty("db_hostname");
+        String jdbc_url = "jdbc:postgresql://" + db_hostname + ":5432/" + db_database;
+
+        // Create a connection using the JDBC driver
+        try (Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbc_url, db_username, db_password)) {
+
+            // Create the test table if not exists
+            Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
+            String sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS jdbc_test (id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, content VARCHAR(80))";
+            statement.executeUpdate(sql);
+
+            // Do some INSERT
+            PreparedStatement preparedStatement = conn.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO jdbc_test (content) VALUES (?)");
+            String content = "" + UUID.randomUUID();
+            preparedStatement.setString(1, content);
+            preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
+            logger.info("INSERT: " + content);
+
+            // Do some SELECT
+            sql = "SELECT  * FROM jdbc_test";
+            ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(sql);
+            while (resultSet.next()) {
+                String count = resultSet.getString("content");
+                logger.info("Total Records: " + count);
+            }
+        }
+
+
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, SQLException {
+        AWSRDSService awsrdsService = new AWSRDSService();
+
+        String instanceName = awsrdsService.launchInstance();
+
+        //Add some wait for instance creation.
+
+        awsrdsService.listInstances();
+
+        awsrdsService.runJdbcTests();
+
+        awsrdsService.terminateInstance(instanceName);
+    }
+}

aws/src/main/resources/db.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+db_hostname=<RDS EndPoint>
+db_username=username
+db_password=password
+db_database=mydb

core-java-8/README.md

@@ -29,3 +29,6 @@
 - [Java 8 Unsigned Arithmetic Support](http://www.baeldung.com/java-unsigned-arithmetic)
 - [Generalized Target-Type Inference in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-generalized-target-type-inference)
 - [Overriding System Time for Testing in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-override-system-time)
+- [Set the Time Zone of a Date in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-set-date-time-zone)
+- [An Overview of Regular Expressions Performance in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-regex-performance)
+- [Java Primitives versus Objects](https://www.baeldung.com/java-primitives-vs-objects)

core-java-9/README.md

@@ -24,3 +24,5 @@
 - [Optional orElse Optional](http://www.baeldung.com/java-optional-or-else-optional)
 - [Java 9 java.lang.Module API](http://www.baeldung.com/java-9-module-api)
 - [Iterate Through a Range of Dates in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-iterate-date-range)
+- [Initialize a HashMap in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-initialize-hashmap)
+- [Java 9 Platform Logging API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-logging-api)

core-java-9/src/test/java/com/baeldung/java9/process/ProcessUnderstandingTest.java

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class ProcessUnderstandingTest {
     }
 
     //@Test - windows specific
-    public void givenSubProcess_thenStartSuccessIsAlive() throws IOException {
+    public void givenSubProcess_whenStarted_thenStartSuccessIsAlive() throws IOException {
         ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder("notepad.exe");
         assertTrue(builder.start().isAlive());
     }
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class ProcessUnderstandingTest {
     }
 
     //@Test - windows specific
-    public void givenSubProcess_checkAlive() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+    public void givenSubProcess_whenDestroyed_thenCheckIfAlive() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
         ProcessBuilder builder = new ProcessBuilder("notepad.exe");
         Process process = builder.start();
         Thread.sleep(10000);

core-java-collections/README.md

@@ -43,3 +43,9 @@
 - [An Introduction to Java.util.Hashtable Class](http://www.baeldung.com/java-hash-table)
 - [Copy a List to Another List in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-copy-list-to-another)
 - [Finding Max/Min of a List or Collection](http://www.baeldung.com/java-collection-min-max)
+- [Java Null-Safe Streams from Collections](https://www.baeldung.com/java-null-safe-streams-from-collections)
+- [Remove All Occurrences of a Specific Value from a List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-remove-value-from-list)
+- [Thread Safe LIFO Data Structure Implementations](https://www.baeldung.com/java-lifo-thread-safe)
+- [Collections.emptyList() vs. New List Instance](https://www.baeldung.com/java-collections-emptylist-new-list)
+- [Initialize a HashMap in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-initialize-hashmap)
+- [](https://www.baeldung.com/java-hashset-arraylist-contains-performance)

core-java-collections/src/main/java/com/baeldung/performance/ArrayListBenchmark.java

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package com.baeldung.performance;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.Runner;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.Options;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.OptionsBuilder;
+
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
+@Warmup(iterations = 10)
+public class ArrayListBenchmark {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class MyState {
+
+        List<Employee> employeeList = new ArrayList<>();
+        //LinkedList<Employee> employeeList = new LinkedList<>();
+
+        long iterations = 100000;
+
+        Employee employee = new Employee(100L, "Harry");
+
+        int employeeIndex = -1;
+
+        @Setup(Level.Trial)
+        public void setUp() {
+            for (long i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+                employeeList.add(new Employee(i, "John"));
+            }
+
+            employeeList.add(employee);
+            employeeIndex = employeeList.indexOf(employee);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void testAddAt(ArrayListBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        state.employeeList.add((int) (state.iterations), new Employee(state.iterations, "John"));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testContains(ArrayListBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeList.contains(state.employee);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int testIndexOf(ArrayListBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeList.indexOf(state.employee);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Employee testGet(ArrayListBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeList.get(state.employeeIndex);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testRemove(ArrayListBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeList.remove(state.employee);
+    }
+
+//    @Benchmark
+//    public void testAdd(ArrayListBenchmark.MyState state) {
+//        state.employeeList.add(new Employee(state.iterations + 1, "John"));
+//    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Options options = new OptionsBuilder()
+                .include(ArrayListBenchmark.class.getSimpleName()).threads(1)
+                .forks(1).shouldFailOnError(true)
+                .shouldDoGC(true)
+                .jvmArgs("-server").build();
+        new Runner(options).run();
+    }
+}

core-java-collections/src/main/java/com/baeldung/performance/CopyOnWriteBenchmark.java

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package com.baeldung.performance;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.Runner;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.Options;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.OptionsBuilder;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
+@Warmup(iterations = 10)
+public class CopyOnWriteBenchmark {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class MyState {
+
+        CopyOnWriteArrayList<Employee> employeeList = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
+
+        long iterations = 100000;
+
+        Employee employee = new Employee(100L, "Harry");
+
+        int employeeIndex = -1;
+
+        @Setup(Level.Trial)
+        public void setUp() {
+            for (long i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+                employeeList.add(new Employee(i, "John"));
+            }
+
+            employeeList.add(employee);
+
+            employeeIndex = employeeList.indexOf(employee);
+        }
+    }
+
+        @Benchmark
+    public void testAdd(CopyOnWriteBenchmark.MyState state) {
+            state.employeeList.add(new Employee(state.iterations + 1, "John"));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void testAddAt(CopyOnWriteBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        state.employeeList.add((int) (state.iterations), new Employee(state.iterations, "John"));
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testContains(CopyOnWriteBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeList.contains(state.employee);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public int testIndexOf(CopyOnWriteBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeList.indexOf(state.employee);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Employee testGet(CopyOnWriteBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeList.get(state.employeeIndex);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testRemove(CopyOnWriteBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeList.remove(state.employee);
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Options options = new OptionsBuilder()
+                .include(CopyOnWriteBenchmark.class.getSimpleName()).threads(1)
+                .forks(1).shouldFailOnError(true)
+                .shouldDoGC(true)
+                .jvmArgs("-server").build();
+        new Runner(options).run();
+    }
+}

core-java-collections/src/main/java/com/baeldung/performance/Employee.java

@@ -10,6 +10,22 @@ public class Employee {
         this.id = id;
     }
 
+    public Long getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    public void setId(Long id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public boolean equals(Object o) {
         if (this == o) return true;

core-java-collections/src/main/java/com/baeldung/performance/HashMapBenchmark.java

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package com.baeldung.performance;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.Runner;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.Options;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.OptionsBuilder;
+
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
+@Warmup(iterations = 10)
+public class HashMapBenchmark {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class MyState {
+
+        Map<Long, Employee> employeeMap = new HashMap<>();
+        //LinkedHashMap<Long, Employee> employeeMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        //IdentityHashMap<Long, Employee> employeeMap = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+        //WeakHashMap<Long, Employee> employeeMap = new WeakHashMap<>();
+        //ConcurrentHashMap<Long, Employee> employeeMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+        //ConcurrentSkipListMap<Long, Employee> employeeMap = new ConcurrentSkipListMap <>();
+
+        // TreeMap
+
+        long iterations = 100000;
+
+        Employee employee = new Employee(100L, "Harry");
+
+        int employeeIndex = -1;
+
+        @Setup(Level.Trial)
+        public void setUp() {
+            for (long i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+                employeeMap.put(i, new Employee(i, "John"));
+            }
+
+            //employeeMap.put(iterations, employee);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Employee testGet(HashMapBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeMap.get(state.iterations);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Employee testRemove(HashMapBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeMap.remove(state.iterations);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Employee testPut(HashMapBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeMap.put(state.employee.getId(), state.employee);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Boolean testContainsKey(HashMapBenchmark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeMap.containsKey(state.employee.getId());
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Options options = new OptionsBuilder()
+                .include(HashMapBenchmark.class.getSimpleName()).threads(1)
+                .forks(1).shouldFailOnError(true)
+                .shouldDoGC(true)
+                .jvmArgs("-server").build();
+        new Runner(options).run();
+    }
+}

core-java-collections/src/main/java/com/baeldung/performance/SetBenchMark.java

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package com.baeldung.performance;
+
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.Runner;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.Options;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.OptionsBuilder;
+
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentSkipListSet;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
+@Warmup(iterations = 10)
+public class SetBenchMark {
+
+    @State(Scope.Thread)
+    public static class MyState {
+
+        //Set<Employee> employeeSet = new HashSet<>();
+        LinkedHashSet<Employee> employeeSet = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+        //ConcurrentSkipListSet<Employee> employeeSet = new ConcurrentSkipListSet <>();
+
+        // TreeSet 
+
+        long iterations = 1000;
+        Employee employee = new Employee(100L, "Harry");
+
+        @Setup(Level.Trial)
+        public void setUp() {
+            for (long i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+                employeeSet.add(new Employee(i, "John"));
+            }
+
+            //employeeSet.add(employee);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testAdd(SetBenchMark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeSet.add(state.employee);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public Boolean testContains(SetBenchMark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeSet.contains(state.employee);
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean testRemove(SetBenchMark.MyState state) {
+        return state.employeeSet.remove(state.employee);
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        Options options = new OptionsBuilder()
+                .include(SetBenchMark.class.getSimpleName()).threads(1)
+                .forks(1).shouldFailOnError(true)
+                .shouldDoGC(true)
+                .jvmArgs("-server").build();
+        new Runner(options).run();
+    }
+}

core-java-io/README.md

@@ -30,3 +30,4 @@
 - [Download a File From an URL in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-download-file)
 - [Create a Symbolic Link with Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-symlink)
 - [Quick Use of FilenameFilter](http://www.baeldung.com/java-filename-filter)
+- [Initialize a HashMap in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-initialize-hashmap)

core-java-persistence/README.md

@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@
 ### Relevant Articles: 
 - [Introduction to JDBC](http://www.baeldung.com/java-jdbc)
 - [Batch Processing in JDBC](http://www.baeldung.com/jdbc-batch-processing)
-- [Introduction to the JDBC RowSet Interface in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-jdbc-rowset)
+- [Introduction to the JDBC RowSet Interface in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-jdbc-rowset)
+- [A Simple Guide to Connection Pooling in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-connection-pooling)

core-java/README.md

@@ -145,3 +145,9 @@
 - [Common Java Exceptions](http://www.baeldung.com/java-common-exceptions)
 - [Java Constructors vs Static Factory Methods](https://www.baeldung.com/java-constructors-vs-static-factory-methods)
 - [Differences Between Final, Finally and Finalize in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-final-finally-finalize)
+- [Static and Dynamic Binding in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-static-dynamic-binding)
+- [Java List Initialization in One Line](https://www.baeldung.com/java-init-list-one-line)
+- [Difference Between Throw and Throws in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-throw-throws)
+- [ClassCastException: Arrays$ArrayList cannot be cast to ArrayList](https://www.baeldung.com/java-classcastexception-arrays-arraylist)
+- [Throw Exception in Optional in Java 8](https://www.baeldung.com/java-optional-throw-exception)
+- [Add a Character to a String at a Given Position](https://www.baeldung.com/java-add-character-to-string)

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/synthetic/BridgeMethodDemo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package com.baeldung.synthetic;
+
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+/**
+ * Class which contains a synthetic bridge method.
+ * 
+ * @author Donato Rimenti
+ *
+ */
+public class BridgeMethodDemo implements Comparator<Integer> {
+
+    /*
+     * (non-Javadoc)
+     * 
+     * @see java.util.Comparator#compare(java.lang.Object, java.lang.Object)
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/synthetic/SyntheticConstructorDemo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package com.baeldung.synthetic;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper for a class which contains a synthetic constructor.
+ * 
+ * @author Donato Rimenti
+ *
+ */
+public class SyntheticConstructorDemo {
+
+    /**
+     * We need to instantiate the {@link NestedClass} using a private
+     * constructor from the enclosing instance in order to generate a synthetic
+     * constructor.
+     */
+    private NestedClass nestedClass = new NestedClass();
+
+    /**
+     * Class which contains a synthetic constructor.
+     * 
+     * @author Donato Rimenti
+     *
+     */
+    class NestedClass {
+
+        /**
+         * In order to generate a synthetic constructor, this class must have a
+         * private constructor.
+         */
+        private NestedClass() {
+        }
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/synthetic/SyntheticFieldDemo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package com.baeldung.synthetic;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper for a class which contains a synthetic field reference to the outer
+ * class.
+ * 
+ * @author Donato Rimenti
+ *
+ */
+public class SyntheticFieldDemo {
+
+    /**
+     * Class which contains a synthetic field reference to the outer class.
+     * 
+     * @author Donato Rimenti
+     *
+     */
+    class NestedClass {
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/synthetic/SyntheticMethodDemo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package com.baeldung.synthetic;
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper for a class which contains two synthetic methods accessors to a
+ * private field.
+ * 
+ * @author Donato Rimenti
+ *
+ */
+public class SyntheticMethodDemo {
+
+    /**
+     * Class which contains two synthetic methods accessors to a private field.
+     * 
+     * @author Donato Rimenti
+     *
+     */
+    class NestedClass {
+
+        /**
+         * Field for which will be generated synthetic methods accessors. It's
+         * important that this field is private for this purpose.
+         */
+        private String nestedField;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the private nested field. We need to read the nested field in order
+     * to generate the synthetic getter.
+     * 
+     * @return the {@link NestedClass#nestedField}
+     */
+    public String getNestedField() {
+        return new NestedClass().nestedField;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the private nested field. We need to write the nested field in order
+     * to generate the synthetic setter.
+     * 
+     * @param nestedField
+     *            the {@link NestedClass#nestedField}
+     */
+    public void setNestedField(String nestedField) {
+        new NestedClass().nestedField = nestedField;
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/synthetic/SyntheticUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package com.baeldung.synthetic;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Unit test for {@link SyntheticFieldDemo}, {@link SyntheticMethodDemo},
+ * {@link SyntheticConstructorDemo} and {@link BridgeMethodDemo} classes.
+ * 
+ * @author Donato Rimenti
+ *
+ */
+public class SyntheticUnitTest {
+
+    /**
+     * Tests that the {@link SyntheticMethodDemo.NestedClass} contains two synthetic
+     * methods.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void givenSyntheticMethod_whenIsSinthetic_thenTrue() {
+        // Checks that the nested class contains exactly two synthetic methods.
+        Method[] methods = SyntheticMethodDemo.NestedClass.class.getDeclaredMethods();
+        Assert.assertEquals("This class should contain only two methods", 2, methods.length);
+
+        for (Method m : methods) {
+            System.out.println("Method: " + m.getName() + ", isSynthetic: " + m.isSynthetic());
+            Assert.assertTrue("All the methods of this class should be synthetic", m.isSynthetic());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests that {@link SyntheticConstructorDemo.NestedClass} contains a synthetic
+     * constructor.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void givenSyntheticConstructor_whenIsSinthetic_thenTrue() {
+        // Checks that the nested class contains exactly a synthetic
+        // constructor.
+        int syntheticConstructors = 0;
+        Constructor<?>[] constructors = SyntheticConstructorDemo.NestedClass.class.getDeclaredConstructors();
+        Assert.assertEquals("This class should contain only two constructors", 2, constructors.length);
+
+        for (Constructor<?> c : constructors) {
+            System.out.println("Constructor: " + c.getName() + ", isSynthetic: " + c.isSynthetic());
+
+            // Counts the synthetic constructors.
+            if (c.isSynthetic()) {
+                syntheticConstructors++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Checks that there's exactly one synthetic constructor.
+        Assert.assertEquals(1, syntheticConstructors);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests that {@link SyntheticFieldDemo.NestedClass} contains a synthetic field.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void givenSyntheticField_whenIsSinthetic_thenTrue() {
+        // This class should contain exactly one synthetic field.
+        Field[] fields = SyntheticFieldDemo.NestedClass.class.getDeclaredFields();
+        Assert.assertEquals("This class should contain only one field", 1, fields.length);
+
+        for (Field f : fields) {
+            System.out.println("Field: " + f.getName() + ", isSynthetic: " + f.isSynthetic());
+            Assert.assertTrue("All the fields of this class should be synthetic", f.isSynthetic());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Tests that {@link BridgeMethodDemo} contains a synthetic bridge method.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void givenBridgeMethod_whenIsBridge_thenTrue() {
+        // This class should contain exactly one synthetic bridge method.
+        int syntheticMethods = 0;
+        Method[] methods = BridgeMethodDemo.class.getDeclaredMethods();
+        for (Method m : methods) {
+            System.out.println(
+                    "Method: " + m.getName() + ", isSynthetic: " + m.isSynthetic() + ", isBridge: " + m.isBridge());
+
+            // Counts the synthetic methods and checks that they are also bridge
+            // methods.
+            if (m.isSynthetic()) {
+                syntheticMethods++;
+                Assert.assertTrue("The synthetic method in this class should also be a bridge method", m.isBridge());
+            }
+        }
+        
+        // Checks that there's exactly one synthetic bridge method.
+        Assert.assertEquals("There should be exactly 1 synthetic bridge method in this class", 1, syntheticMethods);
+    }
+
+}

core-kotlin/README.md

@@ -38,3 +38,7 @@
 - [Reflection with Kotlin](http://www.baeldung.com/kotlin-reflection)
 - [Get a Random Number in Kotlin](http://www.baeldung.com/kotlin-random-number)
 - [Idiomatic Logging in Kotlin](http://www.baeldung.com/kotlin-logging)
+- [Kotlin Constructors](https://www.baeldung.com/kotlin-constructors)
+- [Creational Design Patterns in Kotlin: Builder](https://www.baeldung.com/kotlin-builder-pattern)
+- [Kotlin Nested and Inner Classes](https://www.baeldung.com/kotlin-inner-classes)
+- [Guide to the Kotlin Exposed Framework](https://www.baeldung.com/kotlin-exposed-persistence)