Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/eugenp/tutorials

README.md

@@ -39,6 +39,3 @@ This tutorials project is being built **[>> HERE](https://rest-security.ci.cloud
 
 - [Apache Maven Standard Directory Layout](http://www.baeldung.com/maven-directory-structure)
 - [Apache Maven Tutorial](http://www.baeldung.com/maven)
-- [Designing a User Friendly Java Library](http://www.baeldung.com/design-a-user-friendly-java-library)
-- [Java Service Provider Interface](http://www.baeldung.com/java-spi)
-- [Java Streams vs Vavr Streams](http://www.baeldung.com/vavr-java-streams)

algorithms/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/mcts/tictactoe/Board.java

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public class Board {
             System.out.println("Game Draw");
             break;
         case IN_PROGRESS:
-            System.out.println("Game In rogress");
+            System.out.println("Game In Progress");
             break;
         }
     }

algorithms/src/test/java/com/baeldung/jgrapht/DirectedGraphUnitTest.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import org.jgrapht.traverse.DepthFirstIterator;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
-public class DirectedGraphUnitTests {
+public class DirectedGraphUnitTest {
     DirectedGraph<String, DefaultEdge> directedGraph;
 
     @Before

animal-sniffer-mvn-plugin/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <artifactId>animal-sniffer-mvn-plugin</artifactId>
     <packaging>jar</packaging>
     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
-    <name>example-animal-sniffer-mvn-plugin</name>
+    <name>animal-sniffer-mvn-plugin</name>
     <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
 
     <parent>

apache-cayenne/src/test/java/com/baeldung/apachecayenne/CayenneAdvancedOperationLiveTest.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 
-public class CayenneAdvancedOperationIntegrationTest {
+public class CayenneAdvancedOperationLiveTest {
     private static ObjectContext context = null;
 
     @BeforeClass

apache-cayenne/src/test/java/com/baeldung/apachecayenne/CayenneOperationLiveTest.java

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 
 
-public class CayenneOperationIntegrationTest {
+public class CayenneOperationLiveTest {
     private static ObjectContext context = null;
 
     @BeforeClass

apache-opennlp/src/test/java/com/baeldung/apache/opennlp/TokenizerUnitTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import opennlp.tools.tokenize.WhitespaceTokenizer;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
-public class TokenizerTest {
+public class TokenizerUnitTest {
 
     @Test
     public void givenEnglishModel_whenTokenize_thenTokensAreDetected() throws Exception {

azure/README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 ### Relevant Articles:
 
-- [Deploy Spring Boot App to Azure]()
+- [Deploy Spring Boot App to Azure](http://www.baeldung.com/spring-boot-azure)
+

azure/src/test/java/com/baeldung/springboot/azure/AzureApplicationIntegrationTest.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
 
 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
 @SpringBootTest
-public class AzureApplicationTests {
+public class AzureApplicationIntegrationTest {
 
 	@Test
 	public void contextLoads() {

camel-api/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
     <groupId>com.example</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-camel</artifactId>
     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
-    <name>Spring-Boot - Camel API</name>
 
     <parent>
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>

cdi/pom.xml

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@
 
     <parent>
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
-        <artifactId>parent-spring</artifactId>
+        <artifactId>parent-spring-4</artifactId>
         <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
-        <relativePath>../parent-spring</relativePath>
+        <relativePath>../parent-spring-4</relativePath>
     </parent>
 
     <dependencies>
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@
     </dependencies>
 
     <properties>
-        <spring.version>4.3.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
         <aspectjweaver.version>1.8.9</aspectjweaver.version>
         <weld-se-core.version>2.4.1.Final</weld-se-core.version>
     </properties>

core-java-10/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+
+### Relevant Articles: 
+
+- [Java 10 LocalVariable Type-Inference](http://www.baeldung.com/java-10-local-variable-type-inference)
+- [Guide to Java 10](http://www.baeldung.com/java-10-overview)

core-java-8/README.md

@@ -50,4 +50,6 @@
 - [Filtering Kotlin Collections](http://www.baeldung.com/kotlin-filter-collection)
 - [How to Find an Element in a List with Java](http://www.baeldung.com/find-list-element-java)
 - [Measure Elapsed Time in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-measure-elapsed-time)
+- [Java Optional – orElse() vs orElseGet()](http://www.baeldung.com/java-optional-or-else-vs-or-else-get)
+- [An Introduction to Java.util.Hashtable Class](http://www.baeldung.com/java-hash-table)
 

core-java-8/pom.xml

@@ -195,6 +195,16 @@
                     </execution>
                 </executions>
             </plugin>
+			<plugin>
+				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+				<version>3.1</version>
+				<configuration>
+					<source>1.8</source>
+					<target>1.8</target>
+					<compilerArgument>-parameters</compilerArgument>
+				</configuration>
+			</plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

core-java-8/src/main/java/com/baeldung/reflect/Person.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package com.baeldung.reflect;
+
+public class Person {
+
+	private String fullName;
+
+	public Person(String fullName) {
+		this.fullName = fullName;
+	}
+
+	public void setFullName(String fullName) {
+		this.fullName = fullName;
+	}
+
+	public String getFullName() {
+		return fullName;
+	}
+}

core-java-8/src/test/java/com/baeldung/reflect/MethodParamNameUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package com.baeldung.reflect;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Parameter;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class MethodParamNameUnitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenGetConstructorParams_thenOk() 
+    		throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
+    	List<Parameter> parameters 
+    		= Arrays.asList(Person.class.getConstructor(String.class).getParameters());
+    	Optional<Parameter> parameter 
+    		= parameters.stream().filter(Parameter::isNamePresent).findFirst();
+    	assertThat(parameter.get().getName()).isEqualTo("fullName");  
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenGetMethodParams_thenOk() 
+    		throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
+    	List<Parameter> parameters 
+    		= Arrays.asList(
+    			Person.class.getMethod("setFullName", String.class).getParameters());
+    	Optional<Parameter> parameter 
+			= parameters.stream().filter(Parameter::isNamePresent).findFirst();
+    	assertThat(parameter.get().getName()).isEqualTo("fullName");
+    }
+}

core-java-8/src/test/java/com/baeldung/stream/StreamIndicesUnitTest.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 
-public class StreamIndicesTest {
+public class StreamIndicesUnitTest {
 
     @Test
     public void whenCalled_thenReturnListOfEvenIndexedStrings() {

core-java-9/README.md

@@ -24,3 +24,4 @@
 - [Method Handles in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-method-handles)
 - [Introduction to Chronicle Queue](http://www.baeldung.com/java-chronicle-queue)
 - [A Guide to Java 9 Modularity](http://www.baeldung.com/java-9-modularity)
+- [Optional orElse Optional](http://www.baeldung.com/java-optional-or-else-optional)

core-java-9/src/test/java/com/baeldung/java9/modules/ModuleAPIUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+package com.baeldung.java9.modules;
+
+import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
+import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.nullValue;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.contains;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.containsInAnyOrder;
+import static org.hamcrest.collection.IsEmptyCollection.empty;
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+
+import java.lang.module.ModuleDescriptor;
+import java.lang.module.ModuleDescriptor.*;
+import java.sql.Date;
+import java.sql.Driver;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class ModuleAPIUnitTest {
+
+    public static final String JAVA_BASE_MODULE_NAME = "java.base";
+
+    private Module javaBaseModule;
+    private Module javaSqlModule;
+    private Module module;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        Class<HashMap> hashMapClass = HashMap.class;
+        javaBaseModule = hashMapClass.getModule();
+
+        Class<Date> dateClass = Date.class;
+        javaSqlModule = dateClass.getModule();
+
+        Class<Person> personClass = Person.class;
+        module = personClass.getModule();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenCheckingIfNamed_thenModuleIsNamed() {
+        assertThat(javaBaseModule.isNamed(), is(true));
+        assertThat(javaBaseModule.getName(), is(JAVA_BASE_MODULE_NAME));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenCheckingIfNamed_thenModuleIsUnnamed() {
+        assertThat(module.isNamed(), is(false));
+        assertThat(module.getName(), is(nullValue()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenExtractingPackagesContainedInAModule_thenModuleContainsOnlyFewOfThem() {
+        assertTrue(javaBaseModule.getPackages().contains("java.lang.annotation"));
+        assertFalse(javaBaseModule.getPackages().contains("java.sql"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenRetrievingClassLoader_thenClassLoaderIsReturned() {
+        assertThat(
+          module.getClassLoader().getClass().getName(),
+          is("jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader")
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenGettingAnnotationsPresentOnAModule_thenNoAnnotationsArePresent() {
+        assertThat(javaBaseModule.getAnnotations().length, is(0));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenGettingLayerOfAModule_thenModuleLayerInformationAreAvailable() {
+        ModuleLayer javaBaseModuleLayer = javaBaseModule.getLayer();
+
+        assertTrue(javaBaseModuleLayer.configuration().findModule(JAVA_BASE_MODULE_NAME).isPresent());
+        assertThat(javaBaseModuleLayer.configuration().modules().size(), is(78));
+        assertTrue(javaBaseModuleLayer.parents().get(0).configuration().parents().isEmpty());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenRetrievingModuleDescriptor_thenTypeOfModuleIsInferred() {
+        ModuleDescriptor javaBaseModuleDescriptor = javaBaseModule.getDescriptor();
+        ModuleDescriptor javaSqlModuleDescriptor = javaSqlModule.getDescriptor();
+
+        assertFalse(javaBaseModuleDescriptor.isAutomatic());
+        assertFalse(javaBaseModuleDescriptor.isOpen());
+        assertFalse(javaSqlModuleDescriptor.isAutomatic());
+        assertFalse(javaSqlModuleDescriptor.isOpen());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenModuleName_whenBuildingModuleDescriptor_thenBuilt() {
+        Builder moduleBuilder = ModuleDescriptor.newModule("baeldung.base");
+
+        ModuleDescriptor moduleDescriptor = moduleBuilder.build();
+
+        assertThat(moduleDescriptor.name(), is("baeldung.base"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenModules_whenAccessingModuleDescriptorRequires_thenRequiresAreReturned() {
+        Set<Requires> javaBaseRequires = javaBaseModule.getDescriptor().requires();
+        Set<Requires> javaSqlRequires = javaSqlModule.getDescriptor().requires();
+
+        Set<String> javaSqlRequiresNames = javaSqlRequires.stream()
+          .map(Requires::name)
+          .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+        assertThat(javaBaseRequires, empty());
+        assertThat(javaSqlRequires.size(), is(3));
+        assertThat(javaSqlRequiresNames, containsInAnyOrder("java.base", "java.xml", "java.logging"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenModules_whenAccessingModuleDescriptorProvides_thenProvidesAreReturned() {
+        Set<Provides> javaBaseProvides = javaBaseModule.getDescriptor().provides();
+        Set<Provides> javaSqlProvides = javaSqlModule.getDescriptor().provides();
+
+        Set<String> javaBaseProvidesService = javaBaseProvides.stream()
+                .map(Provides::service)
+                .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+        assertThat(javaBaseProvidesService, contains("java.nio.file.spi.FileSystemProvider"));
+        assertThat(javaSqlProvides, empty());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenModules_whenAccessingModuleDescriptorExports_thenExportsAreReturned() {
+        Set<Exports> javaBaseExports = javaBaseModule.getDescriptor().exports();
+        Set<Exports> javaSqlExports = javaSqlModule.getDescriptor().exports();
+
+        Set<String> javaSqlExportsSource = javaSqlExports.stream()
+          .map(Exports::source)
+          .collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+        assertThat(javaBaseExports.size(), is(108));
+        assertThat(javaSqlExports.size(), is(3));
+        assertThat(javaSqlExportsSource, containsInAnyOrder("java.sql", "javax.transaction.xa", "javax.sql"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenModules_whenAccessingModuleDescriptorUses_thenUsesAreReturned() {
+        Set<String> javaBaseUses = javaBaseModule.getDescriptor().uses();
+        Set<String> javaSqlUses = javaSqlModule.getDescriptor().uses();
+
+        assertThat(javaBaseUses.size(), is(34));
+        assertThat(javaSqlUses, contains("java.sql.Driver"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenModules_whenAccessingModuleDescriptorOpen_thenOpenAreReturned() {
+        Set<Opens> javaBaseUses = javaBaseModule.getDescriptor().opens();
+        Set<Opens> javaSqlUses = javaSqlModule.getDescriptor().opens();
+
+        assertThat(javaBaseUses, empty());
+        assertThat(javaSqlUses, empty());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenAddingReadsToAModule_thenModuleCanReadNewModule() {
+        Module updatedModule = module.addReads(javaSqlModule);
+
+        assertTrue(updatedModule.canRead(javaSqlModule));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenExportingPackage_thenPackageIsExported() {
+        Module updatedModule = module.addExports("com.baeldung.java9.modules", javaSqlModule);
+
+        assertTrue(updatedModule.isExported("com.baeldung.java9.modules"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenOpeningAModulePackage_thenPackagedIsOpened() {
+        Module updatedModule = module.addOpens("com.baeldung.java9.modules", javaSqlModule);
+
+        assertTrue(updatedModule.isOpen("com.baeldung.java9.modules", javaSqlModule));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenAddingUsesToModule_thenUsesIsAdded() {
+        Module updatedModule = module.addUses(Driver.class);
+
+        assertTrue(updatedModule.canUse(Driver.class));
+    }
+
+    private class Person {
+        private String name;
+
+        public Person(String name) {
+            this.name = name;
+        }
+
+        public String getName() {
+            return name;
+        }
+    }
+}

core-java-collections/README.md

@@ -29,3 +29,4 @@
 - [Java TreeMap vs HashMap](http://www.baeldung.com/java-treemap-vs-hashmap)
 - [How to TDD a List Implementation in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-test-driven-list)
 - [How to Store Duplicate Keys in a Map in Java?](http://www.baeldung.com/java-map-duplicate-keys)
+- [Getting the Size of an Iterable in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-iterable-size)

core-java-io/README.md

@@ -27,3 +27,4 @@
 - [A Guide to WatchService in Java NIO2](http://www.baeldung.com/java-nio2-watchservice)
 - [Guide to Java NIO2 Asynchronous Channel APIs](http://www.baeldung.com/java-nio-2-async-channels)
 - [A Guide to NIO2 Asynchronous Socket Channel](http://www.baeldung.com/java-nio2-async-socket-channel)
+- [Download a File From an URL in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-download-file)

core-java-io/src/test/java/com/baeldung/file/FilesManualTest.java

@@ -77,6 +77,6 @@ public class FilesManualTest {
         bw.newLine();
         bw.close();
 
-        assertThat(StreamUtils.getStringFromInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName))).isEqualTo("UK\r\n" + "US\r\n" + "Germany\r\n" + "Spain\n");
+        assertThat(StreamUtils.getStringFromInputStream(new FileInputStream(fileName))).isEqualTo("UK\r\n" + "US\r\n" + "Germany\r\n" + "Spain\r\n");
     }
 }

core-java-io/src/test/java/org/baeldung/java/io/JavaReadFromFileUnitTest.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package org.baeldung.java.io;
 
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
@@ -105,8 +106,9 @@ public class JavaReadFromFileUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
+    @Ignore // TODO
     public void whenReadUTFEncodedFile_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
-        final String expected_value = "�空";
+        final String expected_value = "青空";
         final BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("src/test/resources/test_read7.in"), "UTF-8"));
         final String currentLine = reader.readLine();
         reader.close();

core-java/README.md

@@ -141,3 +141,12 @@
 - [Java KeyStore API](http://www.baeldung.com/java-keystore)
 - [Double-Checked Locking with Singleton](http://www.baeldung.com/java-singleton-double-checked-locking)
 - [Guide to Java Clock Class](http://www.baeldung.com/java-clock)
+- [Infinite Loops in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/infinite-loops-java)
+- [Using Java Assertions](http://www.baeldung.com/java-assert)
+- [Pass-By-Value as a Parameter Passing Mechanism in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-pass-by-value-or-pass-by-reference)
+- [Check If a String Is Numeric in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-check-string-number)
+- [Variable and Method Hiding in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-variable-method-hiding)
+- [Access Modifiers in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-access-modifiers)
+- [NaN in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-not-a-number)
+- [Infinite Loops in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/infinite-loops-java)
+- [Why Use char[] Array Over a String for Storing Passwords in Java?](http://www.baeldung.com/java-storing-passwords)

core-java/pom.xml

@@ -198,6 +198,11 @@
             <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
             <version>${javax.mail.version}</version>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
+            <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
+            <version>1.5.0-b01</version>
+        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/array/JaggedArray.java

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package com.baeldung.array;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Scanner;
+
+public class JaggedArray {
+
+    int[][] shortHandFormInitialization() {
+        int[][] jaggedArr = { { 1, 2 }, { 3, 4, 5 }, { 6, 7, 8, 9 } };
+        return jaggedArr;
+    }
+
+    int[][] declarationAndThenInitialization() {
+        int[][] jaggedArr = new int[3][];
+        jaggedArr[0] = new int[] { 1, 2 };
+        jaggedArr[1] = new int[] { 3, 4, 5 };
+        jaggedArr[2] = new int[] { 6, 7, 8, 9 };
+        return jaggedArr;
+    }
+
+    int[][] declarationAndThenInitializationUsingUserInputs() {
+        int[][] jaggedArr = new int[3][];
+        jaggedArr[0] = new int[2];
+        jaggedArr[1] = new int[3];
+        jaggedArr[2] = new int[4];
+        initializeElements(jaggedArr);
+        return jaggedArr;
+    }
+
+    void initializeElements(int[][] jaggedArr) {
+        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
+        for (int outer = 0; outer < jaggedArr.length; outer++) {
+            for (int inner = 0; inner < jaggedArr[outer].length; inner++) {
+                jaggedArr[outer][inner] = sc.nextInt();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void printElements(int[][] jaggedArr) {
+        for (int index = 0; index < jaggedArr.length; index++) {
+            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(jaggedArr[index]));
+        }
+    }
+
+    int[] getElementAtGivenIndex(int[][] jaggedArr, int index) {
+        return jaggedArr[index];
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/keyword/KeywordDemo.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package com.baeldung.keyword;
 
 import com.baeldung.keyword.superkeyword.SuperSub;
-import com.baeldung.keyword.thiskeyword.KeywordTest;
+import com.baeldung.keyword.thiskeyword.KeywordUnitTest;
 
 /**
  * Created by Gebruiker on 5/14/2018.
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import com.baeldung.keyword.thiskeyword.KeywordTest;
 public class KeywordDemo {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-        KeywordTest keyword = new KeywordTest();
+        KeywordUnitTest keyword = new KeywordUnitTest();
 
         SuperSub child = new SuperSub("message from the child class");
     }

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/keyword/thiskeyword/KeywordUnitTest.java

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 package com.baeldung.keyword.thiskeyword;
 
-public class KeywordTest {
+public class KeywordUnitTest {
 
     private String name;
     private int age;
 
-    public KeywordTest() {
+    public KeywordUnitTest() {
         this("John", 27);
         this.printMessage();
         printInstance(this);
     }
 
-    public KeywordTest(String name, int age) {
+    public KeywordUnitTest(String name, int age) {
         this.name = name;
         this.age = age;
     }
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ public class KeywordTest {
         System.out.println("invoked by this");
     }
 
-    public void printInstance(KeywordTest thisKeyword) {
+    public void printInstance(KeywordUnitTest thisKeyword) {
         System.out.println(thisKeyword);
     }
 
-    public KeywordTest getCurrentInstance() {
+    public KeywordUnitTest getCurrentInstance() {
         return this;
     }
 
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ public class KeywordTest {
         boolean isInnerClass = true;
 
         public ThisInnerClass() {
-            KeywordTest thisKeyword = KeywordTest.this;
-            String outerString = KeywordTest.this.name;
+            KeywordUnitTest thisKeyword = KeywordUnitTest.this;
+            String outerString = KeywordUnitTest.this.name;
             System.out.println(this.isInnerClass);
         }
     }

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/linkedlist/MiddleElementLookup.java

@@ -1,10 +1,20 @@
 package com.baeldung.linkedlist;
 
-import com.baeldung.linkedlist.LinkedList.Node;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+
+import com.baeldung.linkedlist.Node;
 
 public class MiddleElementLookup {
 
-    public static String findMiddleElement(Node head) {
+    public static String findMiddleElementLinkedList(LinkedList<String> linkedList) {
+        if (linkedList == null || linkedList.isEmpty()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return linkedList.get((linkedList.size() - 1) / 2);
+    }
+
+    public static String findMiddleElementFromHead(Node head) {
         if (head == null) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -26,7 +36,7 @@ public class MiddleElementLookup {
         return current.data();
     }
 
-    public static String findMiddleElement1PassRecursively(Node head) {
+    public static String findMiddleElementFromHead1PassRecursively(Node head) {
         if (head == null) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -53,7 +63,7 @@ public class MiddleElementLookup {
         middleAux.length--;
     }
 
-    public static String findMiddleElement1PassIteratively(Node head) {
+    public static String findMiddleElementFromHead1PassIteratively(Node head) {
         if (head == null) {
             return null;
         }

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/linkedlist/Node.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package com.baeldung.linkedlist;
+
+public class Node {
+    private Node next;
+    private String data;
+
+    public Node(String data) {
+        this.data = data;
+    }
+
+    public String data() {
+        return data;
+    }
+
+    public void setData(String data) {
+        this.data = data;
+    }
+
+    public boolean hasNext() {
+        return next != null;
+    }
+
+    public Node next() {
+        return next;
+    }
+
+    public void setNext(Node next) {
+        this.next = next;
+    }
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return this.data;
+    }
+}