Merge branch 'master' into PR-7319

algorithms-modules/algorithms-miscellaneous-7/README.md

@@ -5,4 +5,5 @@
 - [Getting Pixel Array From Image in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-getting-pixel-array-from-image)
 - [Calculate Distance Between Two Coordinates in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-find-distance-between-points)
 - [Rotate Arrays in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-rotate-arrays)
+- [Find Missing Number From a Given Array in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-array-find-missing-number)
 - More articles: [[<-- prev]](/algorithms-miscellaneous-6)

algorithms-modules/algorithms-miscellaneous-7/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/weightedaverage/WeightedAverageUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.weightedaverage;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.function.BiConsumer;
+import java.util.function.BinaryOperator;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+import java.util.stream.Collector;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+public class WeightedAverageUnitTest {
+
+    private List<Values> values = Arrays.asList(
+            new Values(1, 10),
+            new Values(3, 20),
+            new Values(5, 30),
+            new Values(7, 50),
+            new Values(9, 40)
+    );
+
+    private Double expected = 6.2;
+
+    @Test
+    void twoPass() {
+        double top = values.stream()
+                .mapToDouble(v -> v.value * v.weight)
+                .sum();
+        double bottom = values.stream()
+                .mapToDouble(v -> v.weight)
+                .sum();
+
+        double result = top / bottom;
+        assertEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void onePass() {
+        double top = 0;
+        double bottom = 0;
+
+        for (Values v : values) {
+            top += (v.value * v.weight);
+            bottom += v.weight;
+        }
+
+        double result = top / bottom;
+        assertEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void expanding() {
+        double result = values.stream()
+                .flatMap(v -> Collections.nCopies(v.weight, v.value).stream())
+                .mapToInt(v -> v)
+                .average()
+                .getAsDouble();
+        assertEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void reduce() {
+        class WeightedAverage {
+            final double top;
+            final double bottom;
+
+            public WeightedAverage(double top, double bottom) {
+                this.top = top;
+                this.bottom = bottom;
+            }
+
+            double average() {
+                return top / bottom;
+            }
+        }
+
+        double result = values.stream()
+                .reduce(new WeightedAverage(0, 0),
+                        (acc, next) -> new WeightedAverage(
+                                acc.top + (next.value * next.weight),
+                                acc.bottom + next.weight),
+                        (left, right) -> new WeightedAverage(
+                                left.top + right.top,
+                                left.bottom + right.bottom))
+                .average();
+        assertEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void customCollector() {
+        class WeightedAverage implements Collector<Values, WeightedAverage.RunningTotals, Double> {
+            class RunningTotals {
+                double top;
+                double bottom;
+
+                public RunningTotals() {
+                    this.top = 0;
+                    this.bottom = 0;
+                }
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public Supplier<RunningTotals> supplier() {
+                return RunningTotals::new;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public BiConsumer<RunningTotals, Values> accumulator() {
+                return (current, next) -> {
+                    current.top += (next.value * next.weight);
+                    current.bottom += next.weight;
+                };
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public BinaryOperator<RunningTotals> combiner() {
+                return (left, right) -> {
+                    left.top += right.top;
+                    left.bottom += right.bottom;
+
+                    return left;
+                };
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public Function<RunningTotals, Double> finisher() {
+                return rt -> rt.top / rt.bottom;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public Set<Characteristics> characteristics() {
+                return Collections.singleton(Characteristics.UNORDERED);
+            }
+        }
+
+        double result = values.stream()
+                .collect(new WeightedAverage());
+        assertEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    private static class Values {
+        int value;
+        int weight;
+
+        public Values(int value, int weight) {
+            this.value = value;
+            this.weight = weight;
+        }
+    }
+}

apache-httpclient-2/src/test/resources/logback.xml

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
     </appender>
     <logger name="com.baeldung.httpclient.cookies" level="info"/>
 
-    <logger name="com.baeldung.httpclient.readresponsebodystring" level="debug"/>
-    <logger name="org.apache.http" level="debug"/>
-    <logger name="org.apache.hc.client5.http" level="debug"/>
+    <logger name="com.baeldung.httpclient.readresponsebodystring" level="INFO"/>
+    <logger name="org.apache.http" level="WARN"/>
+    <logger name="org.apache.hc.client5.http" level="WARN"/>
 
     <root level="WARN">
         <appender-ref ref="stdout"/>

apache-kafka-2/README.md

@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@ You can build the project from the command line using: *mvn clean install*, or i
 - [bootstrap-server in Kafka Configuration](https://www.baeldung.com/java-kafka-bootstrap-server)
 - [Introduction to Apache Kafka](https://www.baeldung.com/apache-kafka)
 - [Ensuring Message Ordering in Kafka: Strategies and Configurations](https://www.baeldung.com/kafka-message-ordering)
+- [Read Multiple Messages with Apache Kafka](https://www.baeldung.com/kafka-read-multiple-messages)

apache-poi-3/pom.xml

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
     </dependencies>
 
     <properties>
-        <poi.version>5.2.3</poi.version>
+        <poi.version>5.2.5</poi.version>
         <poiji.version>4.1.1</poiji.version>
         <fastexcel.version>0.15.7</fastexcel.version>
         <jxl.version>2.6.12</jxl.version>

apache-poi-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/poi/rowstyle/PoiUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package com.baeldung.poi.rowstyle;
+
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
+
+public class PoiUtils {
+
+    private PoiUtils() {
+    }
+
+    private static void newCell(Row row, String value) {
+        short cellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
+        if (cellNum == -1)
+            cellNum = 0;
+
+        Cell cell = row.createCell(cellNum);
+        cell.setCellValue(value);
+    }
+
+    public static Row newRow(Sheet sheet, String... rowValues) {
+        Row row = sheet.createRow(sheet.getLastRowNum() + 1);
+
+        for (String value : rowValues) {
+            newCell(row, value);
+        }
+
+        return row;
+    }
+
+    public static CellStyle boldFontStyle(Workbook workbook) {
+        Font boldFont = workbook.createFont();
+        boldFont.setBold(true);
+
+        CellStyle boldStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
+        boldStyle.setFont(boldFont);
+
+        return boldStyle;
+    }
+
+    public static void write(Workbook workbook, Path path) throws IOException {
+        try (FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(path.toFile())) {
+            workbook.write(fileOut);
+        }
+    }
+}

apache-poi-3/src/test/java/com/baeldung/poi/rowstyle/PoiBoldStyleIntegrationTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+package com.baeldung.poi.rowstyle;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
+import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
+import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
+import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
+import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
+import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
+import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+class PoiBoldStyleIntegrationTest {
+
+    private void writeSampleSheet(Path destination, Workbook workbook) throws IOException {
+        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
+        CellStyle boldStyle = PoiUtils.boldFontStyle(workbook);
+
+        Row header = PoiUtils.newRow(sheet, "Name", "Value", "Details");
+        header.setRowStyle(boldStyle);
+
+        PoiUtils.newRow(sheet, "Albert", "A", "First");
+        PoiUtils.newRow(sheet, "Jane", "B", "Second");
+        PoiUtils.newRow(sheet, "Zack", "C", "Third");
+
+        PoiUtils.write(workbook, destination);
+    }
+
+    private void assertRowStyleAppliedAndDefaultCellStylesDontMatch(Path sheetFile) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
+        try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(sheetFile.toFile())) {
+            Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
+            Row row0 = sheet.getRow(0);
+
+            XSSFCellStyle rowStyle = (XSSFCellStyle) row0.getRowStyle();
+            assertTrue(rowStyle.getFont()
+                .getBold());
+
+            row0.forEach(cell -> {
+                XSSFCellStyle style = (XSSFCellStyle) cell.getCellStyle();
+                assertNotEquals(rowStyle, style);
+            });
+
+            Row row1 = sheet.getRow(1);
+            XSSFCellStyle row1Style = (XSSFCellStyle) row1.getRowStyle();
+            assertNull(row1Style);
+
+            Files.delete(sheetFile);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenXssfWorkbook_whenSetRowStyle1stRow_thenOnly1stRowStyled() throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
+        Path sheetFile = Files.createTempFile("xssf-row-style", ".xlsx");
+
+        try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook()) {
+            writeSampleSheet(sheetFile, workbook);
+        }
+
+        assertRowStyleAppliedAndDefaultCellStylesDontMatch(sheetFile);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenSxssfWorkbook_whenSetRowStyle_thenOnly1stRowStyled() throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
+        Path sheetFile = Files.createTempFile("sxssf-row-style", ".xlsx");
+
+        try (Workbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook()) {
+            writeSampleSheet(sheetFile, workbook);
+        }
+
+        assertRowStyleAppliedAndDefaultCellStylesDontMatch(sheetFile);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenHssfWorkbook_whenSetRowStyle_thenOnly1stRowStyled() throws IOException {
+        Path sheetFile = Files.createTempFile("hssf-row-style", ".xls");
+
+        try (Workbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook()) {
+            writeSampleSheet(sheetFile, workbook);
+        }
+
+        try (Workbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(Files.newInputStream(sheetFile))) {
+            Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
+            Row row0 = sheet.getRow(0);
+
+            HSSFCellStyle rowStyle = (HSSFCellStyle) row0.getRowStyle();
+            assertTrue(rowStyle.getFont(workbook)
+                .getBold());
+
+            row0.forEach(cell -> {
+                HSSFCellStyle style = (HSSFCellStyle) cell.getCellStyle();
+                assertNotEquals(rowStyle, style);
+            });
+
+            Row row1 = sheet.getRow(1);
+            HSSFCellStyle row1Style = (HSSFCellStyle) row1.getRowStyle();
+            assertNull(row1Style);
+
+            Files.delete(sheetFile);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void givenXssfWorkbook_whenSetCellStyleForEachRow_thenAllCellsContainStyle() throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
+        Path sheetFile = Files.createTempFile("xssf-cell-style", ".xlsx");
+
+        try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook()) {
+            Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
+            CellStyle boldStyle = PoiUtils.boldFontStyle(workbook);
+
+            Row header = PoiUtils.newRow(sheet, "Name", "Value", "Details");
+            header.forEach(cell -> cell.setCellStyle(boldStyle));
+
+            PoiUtils.newRow(sheet, "Albert", "A", "First");
+            PoiUtils.newRow(sheet, "Jane", "B", "Second");
+            PoiUtils.newRow(sheet, "Zack", "C", "Third");
+
+            PoiUtils.write(workbook, sheetFile);
+        }
+
+        try (Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(sheetFile.toFile())) {
+            Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
+            Row row0 = sheet.getRow(0);
+
+            XSSFCellStyle rowStyle = (XSSFCellStyle) row0.getRowStyle();
+            assertNull(rowStyle);
+
+            row0.forEach(cell -> {
+                XSSFCellStyle style = (XSSFCellStyle) cell.getCellStyle();
+                assertTrue(style.getFont()
+                    .getBold());
+            });
+
+            Row row1 = sheet.getRow(1);
+            rowStyle = (XSSFCellStyle) row1.getRowStyle();
+            assertNull(rowStyle);
+
+            Files.delete(sheetFile);
+        }
+    }
+}

aws-modules/aws-lambda-modules/todo-reminder-lambda/ToDoFunction/src/main/java/com/baeldung/lambda/todo/config/Services.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import feign.gson.GsonEncoder;
 import feign.slf4j.Slf4jLogger;
 import uk.org.webcompere.lightweightconfig.ConfigLoader;
 
-import static feign.Logger.Level.FULL;
+import static feign.Logger.Level.BASIC;
 
 public class Services extends AbstractModule {
     @Override
@@ -20,14 +20,14 @@ public class Services extends AbstractModule {
         ToDoApi toDoApi = Feign.builder()
           .decoder(new GsonDecoder())
           .logger(new Slf4jLogger())
-          .logLevel(FULL)
+          .logLevel(BASIC)
           .requestInterceptor(new BasicAuthRequestInterceptor(config.getToDoCredentials().getUsername(), config.getToDoCredentials().getPassword()))
           .target(ToDoApi.class, config.getToDoEndpoint());
 
         PostApi postApi = Feign.builder()
           .encoder(new GsonEncoder())
           .logger(new Slf4jLogger())
-          .logLevel(FULL)
+          .logLevel(BASIC)
           .requestInterceptor(new BasicAuthRequestInterceptor(config.getPostCredentials().getUsername(), config.getPostCredentials().getPassword()))
           .target(PostApi.class, config.getPostEndpoint());
 

core-groovy-modules/core-groovy/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/closures/ClosuresUnitTest.groovy

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 package com.baeldung.closures
 
-import spock.lang.Specification
-
 class ClosuresUnitTest extends GroovyTestCase {
 
     Closures closures = new Closures()
@@ -64,9 +62,9 @@ class ClosuresUnitTest extends GroovyTestCase {
     
     void testClosureInLists() {
         def list = [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, true, false, "BUNTHER"]
-        list.each {
+        /*list.each {
             println it
-        }
+        }*/
         
         assert [13, 14] == list.findAll{ it instanceof Integer && it >= 13}
     }

core-java-modules/core-java-21/src/main/java/com/baeldung/jfrview/JFRExample.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package com.baeldung.jfrview;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class JFRExample {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        JFRExample se = new JFRExample();
+        se.insertToList(new ArrayList<>());
+    }
+
+    private void insertToList(List<Object> list) {
+        try {
+            while (true) {
+                list.add(new Object());
+            }
+        } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
+            System.out.println("Out of Memory. Exiting");
+        }
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8-datetime-2/README.md

@@ -9,4 +9,5 @@
 - [Round the Date in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-round-the-date)
 - [Representing Furthest Possible Date in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-date-represent-max)
 - [Retrieving Unix Time in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-retrieve-unix-time)
+- [Calculate Months Between Two Dates in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-months-difference-two-dates)
 - [[<-- Prev]](/core-java-modules/core-java-datetime-java8-1)

core-java-modules/core-java-8-datetime-2/src/main/java/com/baeldung/daterangeoverlap/DateRangeOverlapChecker.java

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package com.baeldung.daterangeoverlap;
+
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+
+import org.joda.time.DateTime;
+import org.joda.time.Interval;
+
+public class DateRangeOverlapChecker {
+
+    public static boolean isOverlapUsingCalendarAndDuration(Calendar start1, Calendar end1, Calendar start2, Calendar end2) {
+        long overlap = Math.min(end1.getTimeInMillis(), end2.getTimeInMillis()) - Math.max(start1.getTimeInMillis(), start2.getTimeInMillis());
+        return overlap >= 0;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndDuration(LocalDate start1, LocalDate end1, LocalDate start2, LocalDate end2) {
+        long overlap = Math.min(end1.toEpochDay(), end2.toEpochDay()) - Math.max(start1.toEpochDay(), start2.toEpochDay());
+        return overlap >= 0;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isOverlapUsingJodaTime(DateTime start1, DateTime end1, DateTime start2, DateTime end2) {
+        Interval interval1 = new Interval(start1, end1);
+        Interval interval2 = new Interval(start2, end2);
+        return interval1.overlaps(interval2);
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isOverlapUsingCalendarAndCondition(Calendar start1, Calendar end1, Calendar start2, Calendar end2) {
+        return !(end1.before(start2) || start1.after(end2));
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndCondition(LocalDate start1, LocalDate end1, LocalDate start2, LocalDate end2) {
+        return !(end1.isBefore(start2) || start1.isAfter(end2));
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isOverlapUsingCalendarAndFindMin(Calendar start1, Calendar end1, Calendar start2, Calendar end2) {
+        long overlap1 = Math.min(end1.getTimeInMillis() - start1.getTimeInMillis(), end1.getTimeInMillis() - start2.getTimeInMillis());
+        long overlap2 = Math.min(end2.getTimeInMillis() - start2.getTimeInMillis(), end2.getTimeInMillis() - start1.getTimeInMillis());
+        return Math.min(overlap1, overlap2) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) >= 0;
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndFindMin(LocalDate start1, LocalDate end1, LocalDate start2, LocalDate end2) {
+        long overlap1 = Math.min(end1.toEpochDay() - start1.toEpochDay(), end1.toEpochDay() - start2.toEpochDay());
+        long overlap2 = Math.min(end2.toEpochDay() - start2.toEpochDay(), end2.toEpochDay() - start1.toEpochDay());
+        return Math.min(overlap1, overlap2) >= 0;
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8-datetime-2/src/test/java/com/baeldung/daterangeoverlap/DateRangeOverlapCheckerUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+package com.baeldung.daterangeoverlap;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+
+import org.joda.time.DateTime;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class DateRangeOverlapCheckerUnitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenPartialOverlappingRanges_thenReturnsTrue() {
+        Calendar start1 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        start1.set(2024, 11, 15);
+        Calendar end1 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        end1.set(2024, 11, 20);
+
+        Calendar start2 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        start2.set(2024, 11, 18);
+        Calendar end2 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        end2.set(2024, 11, 22);
+
+        LocalDate startLD1 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 15);
+        LocalDate endLD1 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 20);
+
+        LocalDate startLD2 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 18);
+        LocalDate endLD2 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 22);
+
+        DateTime startJT1 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 15, 0, 0);
+        DateTime endJT1 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 20, 0, 0);
+
+        DateTime startJT2 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 18, 0, 0);
+        DateTime endJT2 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 22, 0, 0);
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndDuration(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndDuration(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndCondition(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndCondition(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndFindMin(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndFindMin(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingJodaTime(startJT1, endJT1, startJT2, endJT2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenFullOverlappingRanges_thenReturnsTrue() {
+        Calendar start1 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        start1.set(2024, 11, 15);
+        Calendar end1 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        end1.set(2024, 11, 20);
+
+        Calendar start2 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        start2.set(2024, 11, 16);
+        Calendar end2 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        end2.set(2024, 11, 18);
+
+        LocalDate startLD1 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 15);
+        LocalDate endLD1 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 20);
+
+        LocalDate startLD2 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 16);
+        LocalDate endLD2 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 18);
+
+        DateTime startJT1 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 15, 0, 0);
+        DateTime endJT1 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 20, 0, 0);
+
+        DateTime startJT2 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 16, 0, 0);
+        DateTime endJT2 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 18, 0, 0);
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndDuration(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndDuration(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndCondition(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndCondition(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndFindMin(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndFindMin(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingJodaTime(startJT1, endJT1, startJT2, endJT2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenConsecutiveRanges_thenReturnsFalse() {
+        Calendar start1 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        start1.set(2024, 11, 15);
+        Calendar end1 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        end1.set(2024, 11, 20);
+
+        Calendar start2 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        start2.set(2024, 11, 21);
+        Calendar end2 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        end2.set(2024, 11, 24);
+
+        LocalDate startLD1 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 15);
+        LocalDate endLD1 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 20);
+
+        LocalDate startLD2 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 21);
+        LocalDate endLD2 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 24);
+
+        DateTime startJT1 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 15, 0, 0);
+        DateTime endJT1 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 20, 0, 0);
+
+        DateTime startJT2 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 21, 0, 0);
+        DateTime endJT2 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 24, 0, 0);
+
+        assertFalse(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndDuration(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertFalse(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndDuration(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertFalse(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndCondition(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertFalse(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndCondition(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertFalse(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndFindMin(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertFalse(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndFindMin(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertFalse(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingJodaTime(startJT1, endJT1, startJT2, endJT2));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenZeroRangeRanges_thenReturnsTrue() {
+        Calendar start1 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        start1.set(2024, 11, 15);
+        Calendar end1 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        end1.set(2024, 11, 20);
+
+        Calendar start2 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        start2.set(2024, 11, 20);
+        Calendar end2 = Calendar.getInstance();
+        end2.set(2024, 11, 20);
+
+        LocalDate startLD1 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 15);
+        LocalDate endLD1 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 20);
+
+        LocalDate startLD2 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 20);
+        LocalDate endLD2 = LocalDate.of(2024, 12, 20);
+
+        DateTime startJT1 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 15, 0, 0);
+        DateTime endJT1 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 20, 0, 0);
+
+        DateTime startJT2 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 20, 0, 0);
+        DateTime endJT2 = new DateTime(2024, 12, 20, 0, 0);
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndDuration(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndDuration(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndCondition(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndCondition(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingCalendarAndFindMin(start1, end1, start2, end2));
+        assertTrue(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingLocalDateAndFindMin(startLD1, endLD1, startLD2, endLD2));
+
+        //the overlaps method considers two intervals as overlapping only if they have a non-zero duration.
+        assertFalse(DateRangeOverlapChecker.isOverlapUsingJodaTime(startJT1, endJT1, startJT2, endJT2));
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8-datetime-2/src/test/java/com/baeldung/zoneoffsetandzoneidof/ZoneOffSetAndZoneIdOfUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package com.baeldung.zoneoffsetandzoneidof;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+import java.time.ZoneOffset;
+import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+public class ZoneOffSetAndZoneIdOfUnitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenOffsetDateTimeWithUTCZoneOffset_thenOffsetShouldBeUTC() {
+        OffsetDateTime dateTimeWithOffset = OffsetDateTime.now(ZoneOffset.UTC);
+        assertEquals(dateTimeWithOffset.getOffset(), ZoneOffset.UTC);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenZonedDateTimeWithUTCZoneId_thenZoneShouldBeUTC() {
+        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.now(ZoneId.of("UTC"));
+        assertEquals(zonedDateTime.getZone(), ZoneId.of("UTC"));
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-arrays-convert/src/test/java/com/baeldung/array/conversions/ByteArrayToPrimitiveByteArrayUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package com.baeldung.array.conversions;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+public class ByteArrayToPrimitiveByteArrayUnitTest {
+    private static final byte[] EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES = {65, 66, 67, 68};
+    private static final Byte[] BYTE_ARRAY = {65, 66, 67, 68};
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenByteArray_whenConvertingUsingByteValue_thenGiveExpectedResult() {
+        byte[] newByteArray = new byte[BYTE_ARRAY.length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < BYTE_ARRAY.length; i++) {
+            newByteArray[i] = BYTE_ARRAY[i].byteValue();
+        }
+        assertThat(newByteArray).containsExactly(EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenByteArray_whenConvertingUsingUnboxing_thenGiveExpectedResult() {
+        byte[] newByteArray = new byte[BYTE_ARRAY.length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < BYTE_ARRAY.length; i++) {
+            newByteArray[i] = BYTE_ARRAY[i];
+        }
+        assertThat(newByteArray).containsExactly(EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenByteArray_whenConvertingArrayUtils_thenGiveExpectedResult() {
+        byte[] newByteArray = ArrayUtils.toPrimitive(BYTE_ARRAY);
+
+        assertThat(newByteArray).containsExactly(EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES);
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-arrays-convert/src/test/java/com/baeldung/array/conversions/PrimitiveByteArrayToByteArrayUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package com.baeldung.array.conversions;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+public class PrimitiveByteArrayToByteArrayUnitTest {
+    private static final byte[] PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY = {65, 66, 67, 68};
+    private static final Byte[] EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES = {65, 66, 67, 68};
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenPrimitiveByteArray_whenConvertingUsingByteValueOf_thenGiveExpectedResult() {
+        Byte[] newByteArray = new Byte[PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY.length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY.length; i++) {
+            newByteArray[i] = Byte.valueOf(PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY[i]);
+        }
+        assertThat(newByteArray).containsExactly(EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenPrimitiveByteArray_whenConvertingUsingAutoboxing_thenGiveExpectedResult() {
+        Byte[] newByteArray = new Byte[PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY.length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY.length; i++) {
+            newByteArray[i] = PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY[i];
+        }
+        assertThat(newByteArray).containsExactly(EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenPrimitiveByteArray_whenConvertingUsingAutoboxingAndArraysSetAll_thenGiveExpectedResult() {
+        Byte[] newByteArray = new Byte[PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY.length];
+        Arrays.setAll(newByteArray, n -> PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY[n]);
+
+        assertThat(newByteArray)
+            .containsExactly(EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenPrimitiveByteArray_whenConvertingUsingArrayUtils_thenGiveExpectedResult() {
+        Byte[] newByteArray = ArrayUtils.toObject(PRIMITIVE_BYTE_ARRAY);
+
+        assertThat(newByteArray).containsExactly(EXPECTED_ARRAY_VALUES);
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-char/src/test/java/com/baeldung/unicodechar/UnicodeCharFromCodePointHexStringUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package com.baeldung.unicodechar;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+
+public class UnicodeCharFromCodePointHexStringUnitTest {
+    private static final String U_CHECK = "✅"; // U+2705
+    private static final String U_STRONG = "强"; // U+5F3A
+
+
+    @Test
+    void whenEscapeUAndNumberInString_thenGetExpectedUnicodeStr() {
+        String check = "\u2705";
+        assertEquals(U_CHECK, check);
+
+        String strong = "\u5F3A";
+        assertEquals(U_STRONG, strong);
+
+        // "A" U+0041
+        assertEquals("A", "\u0041");
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    void whenConcatUAndNumberAsString_thenDoNotGetExpectedUnicodeStr() {
+        String check = "\\u" + "2705";
+        assertEquals("\\u2705", check);
+
+        String strong = "\\u" + "5F3A";
+        assertEquals("\\u5F3A", strong);
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    void whenCastHexCodePointToCharAndConvertCharToString_thenGetExpectedUnicodeStr() {
+
+        int codePoint = Integer.parseInt("2705", 16); //Decimal int: 9989
+        char[] checkChar = Character.toChars(codePoint);
+        String check = String.valueOf(checkChar);
+        assertEquals(U_CHECK, check);
+
+        // For Java 11 and later versions
+        // assertEquals(U_CHECK, Character.toString(codePoint));
+
+        codePoint = Integer.parseInt("5F3A", 16); //Decimal int: 24378
+        char[] strongChar = Character.toChars(codePoint);
+        String strong = String.valueOf(strongChar);
+        assertEquals(U_STRONG, strong);
+
+        // For Java 11 and later versions
+        // assertEquals(U_STRONG, Character.toString(codePoint));
+    }
+
+    String stringFromCodePointHex(String codePointHex) {
+        int codePoint = Integer.parseInt(codePointHex, 16);
+
+        // For Java 11 and later versions: return Character.toString(codePoint)
+
+        char[] chars = Character.toChars(codePoint);
+        return String.valueOf(chars);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void whenUsingstringFromCodePointHex_thenGetExpectedUnicodeStr() {
+        assertEquals("A", stringFromCodePointHex("0041"));
+        assertEquals(U_CHECK, stringFromCodePointHex("2705"));
+        assertEquals(U_STRONG, stringFromCodePointHex("5F3A"));
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-collections-5/README.md

@@ -11,4 +11,6 @@
 - [Intro to Vector Class in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-vector-guide)
 - [HashSet toArray() Method in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-hashset-toarray)
 - [Time Complexity of Java Collections Sort in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-time-complexity-collections-sort)
+- [Check if List Contains at Least One Enum](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-check-enum-presence)
+- [Comparison of for Loops and Iterators](https://www.baeldung.com/java-for-loops-vs-iterators)
 - More articles: [[<-- prev]](/core-java-modules/core-java-collections-4)

core-java-modules/core-java-collections-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/priorityqueueiterator/Person.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package com.baeldung.priorityqueueiterator;
+
+import java.util.Comparator;
+
+public class Person {
+    String name;
+    int age;
+
+    public Person(String name, int age) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.age = age;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    public int getAge() {
+        return age;
+    }
+
+    public void setAge(int age) {
+        this.age = age;
+    }
+}
+
+class PersonAgeComparator implements Comparator<Person> {
+    @Override
+    public int compare(Person p1, Person p2) {
+        return p1.age - p2.age; // Ascending order
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-collections-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/priorityqueueiterator/PriorityQueueMain.java

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package com.baeldung.priorityqueueiterator;
+
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.PriorityQueue;
+
+public class PriorityQueueMain {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        showPriorityQueueWithIterator();
+        showCustomOrderingWithIterator();
+        showCustomOrderingWithPoll();
+        useIteratorToCapitalizeNames();
+        showFailFastIteratorBehavior();
+    }
+
+    public static void showPriorityQueueWithIterator() {
+        PriorityQueue<Integer> queue = new PriorityQueue<>();
+        queue.add(3);
+        queue.add(1);
+        queue.add(2);
+
+        Iterator<Integer> iterator = queue.iterator();
+
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            Integer element = iterator.next();
+            System.out.println(element);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void showFailFastIteratorBehavior() {
+        PriorityQueue<Integer> numbers = new PriorityQueue<>();
+        numbers.add(3);
+        numbers.add(1);
+        numbers.add(2);
+
+        Iterator<Integer> iterator = numbers.iterator();
+        numbers.add(4);
+
+        try {
+            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+                System.out.println(iterator.next());
+            }
+        } catch (java.util.ConcurrentModificationException e) {
+            System.out.println("ConcurrentModificationException occurred during iteration.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void showCustomOrderingWithIterator() {
+        // Creating a PriorityQueue with a custom comparator
+        PriorityQueue<Person> priorityQueue = new PriorityQueue<>(new PersonAgeComparator());
+
+        // Adding persons to the PriorityQueue
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Alice", 25));
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Bob", 30));
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Charlie", 22));
+
+        Iterator<Person> iterator = priorityQueue.iterator();
+
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            Person person = iterator.next();
+            System.out.println("Name: " + person.name + ", Age: " + person.age);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void showCustomOrderingWithPoll() {
+        PriorityQueue<Person> priorityQueue = new PriorityQueue<>(new PersonAgeComparator());
+
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Alice", 25));
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Bob", 30));
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Charlie", 22));
+
+        Iterator<Person> iterator = priorityQueue.iterator();
+
+        while (!priorityQueue.isEmpty()) {
+            Person person = priorityQueue.poll();
+            System.out.println("Name: " + person.name + ", Age: " + person.age);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void useIteratorToCapitalizeNames() {
+        PriorityQueue<Person> priorityQueue = new PriorityQueue<>(new PersonAgeComparator());
+
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Alice", 25));
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Bob", 30));
+        priorityQueue.add(new Person("Charlie", 22));
+
+        Iterator<Person> iterator = priorityQueue.iterator();
+
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            Person person = iterator.next();
+            person.setName(person.getName()
+                .toUpperCase());
+            System.out.println("Name: " + person.name + ", Age: " + person.age);
+        }
+    }
+
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-collections-list-6/README.md

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
 ## Relevant Articles
 - [Check if a List Contains a String Element While Ignoring Case](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-search-case-insensitive)
+- [Removing the Last Node in a Linked List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-linked-list-remove-last-element)
+- [Call a Method on Each Element of a List in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-call-method-each-list-item)
+- [Sorting One List Based on Another List in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-sorting-one-list-using-another)

core-java-modules/core-java-collections-list-6/src/test/java/com/baeldung/resetlistiterator/ResetListIteratorUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package com.baeldung.resetlistiterator;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.ListIterator;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+
+public class ResetListIteratorUnitTest {
+
+    private static final List<String> MY_LIST = List.of("A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G");
+
+    @Test
+    void whenRecreateAnListIterator_thenGetTheExpectedResult() {
+        ListIterator<String> lit = MY_LIST.listIterator();
+        lit.next();
+        lit.next();
+        lit.next();
+        lit.next();
+
+        lit = MY_LIST.listIterator();
+
+        assertFalse(lit.hasPrevious());
+        assertEquals("A", lit.next());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void whenBackwardIterationToTheFirst_thenGetTheExpectedResult() {
+        ListIterator<String> lit = MY_LIST.listIterator();
+        lit.next();
+        lit.next();
+        lit.next();
+        lit.next();
+
+
+        while (lit.hasPrevious()) {
+            lit.previous();
+        }
+
+        assertFalse(lit.hasPrevious());
+        assertEquals("A", lit.next());
+    }
+
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-basic-2/README.md

@@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ This module contains articles about basic Java concurrency
 - [How to Get the Number of Threads in a Java Process](https://www.baeldung.com/java-get-number-of-threads)
 - [Set the Name of a Thread in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-set-thread-name)
 - [Thread vs. Single Thread Executor Service](https://www.baeldung.com/java-single-thread-executor-service)
+- [Difference Between a Future and a Promise in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-future-vs-promise-comparison)
 - [[<-- Prev]](../core-java-concurrency-basic)[[Next -->]](../core-java-concurrency-basic-3)

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-basic-3/README.md

@@ -13,4 +13,5 @@ This module contains articles about basic Java concurrency.
 - [Retry Logic with CompletableFuture](https://www.baeldung.com/java-completablefuture-retry-logic)
 - [Convert From List of CompletableFuture to CompletableFuture List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-completablefuture-list-convert)
 - [Synchronize a Static Variable Among Different Threads](https://www.baeldung.com/java-synchronize-static-variable-different-threads)
+- [Difference Between execute() and submit() in Executor Service](https://www.baeldung.com/java-execute-vs-submit-executor-service)
 - [[<-- Prev]](../core-java-concurrency-basic-2)

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-basic-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/concurrent/synchronizestatic/none/Employee.java

@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ public class Employee {
     }
 
     private static void incrementCount() {
-        System.out.println("Count = " + ++count);
+        ++count;
+        // System.out.println("Count = " + ++count);
     }
 
     public static Integer getCount() {

core-java-modules/core-java-concurrency-basic-3/src/main/java/com/baeldung/concurrent/synchronizestatic/reentrantlock/Employee.java

@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@ public class Employee {
     private static void incrementCount() {
         lock.lock();
         try {
-            System.out.println("Count = " + ++count);
+            ++count;
+            // System.out.println("Count = " + ++count);
         }
         finally {
             lock.unlock();