Merge branch 'master' into master

.gitmodules

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-[submodule "testgitrepo"]
-	path = testgitrepo
-	url = /home/prd/Development/projects/idea/tutorials/spring-boot/src/main/resources/testgitrepo/

apache-meecrowave/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+    <artifactId>apache-meecrowave</artifactId>
+    <version>0.0.1</version>
+    <name>apache-meecrowave</name>
+    <description>A sample REST API application with Meecrowave</description>
+
+    <properties>
+        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
+        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
+    </properties>
+    <dependencies>
+        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.meecrowave/meecrowave-core -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.meecrowave</groupId>
+            <artifactId>meecrowave-core</artifactId>
+            <version>1.2.1</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.meecrowave/meecrowave-jpa -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.meecrowave</groupId>
+            <artifactId>meecrowave-jpa</artifactId>
+            <version>1.2.1</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
+            <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
+            <version>3.10.0</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.meecrowave</groupId>
+            <artifactId>meecrowave-junit</artifactId>
+            <version>1.2.0</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>junit</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+            <version>4.10</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+    </dependencies>
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.meecrowave</groupId>
+                <artifactId>meecrowave-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>1.2.1</version>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+</project>

apache-meecrowave/src/main/java/com/baeldung/meecrowave/Article.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package com.baeldung.meecrowave;
+
+public class Article {
+    private String name;
+    private String author;
+
+    public Article() {
+    }
+
+    public Article(String name, String author) {
+        this.author = author;
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    public String getAuthor() {
+        return author;
+    }
+
+    public void setAuthor(String author) {
+        this.author = author;
+    }
+}

apache-meecrowave/src/main/java/com/baeldung/meecrowave/ArticleEndpoints.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.baeldung.meecrowave;
+
+import javax.enterprise.context.RequestScoped;
+import javax.inject.Inject;
+import javax.ws.rs.GET;
+import javax.ws.rs.POST;
+import javax.ws.rs.Path;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.Response.Status;
+
+@RequestScoped
+@Path("article")
+public class ArticleEndpoints {
+
+    @Inject
+    ArticleService articleService;
+
+    @GET
+    public Response getArticle() {
+        return Response.ok()
+            .entity(new Article("name", "author"))
+            .build();
+
+    }
+
+    @POST
+    public Response createArticle(Article article) {
+        return Response.status(Status.CREATED)
+            .entity(articleService.createArticle(article))
+            .build();
+    }
+}

apache-meecrowave/src/main/java/com/baeldung/meecrowave/ArticleService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package com.baeldung.meecrowave;
+
+import javax.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
+
+@ApplicationScoped
+public class ArticleService {
+    public Article createArticle(Article article) {
+        return article;
+    }
+}

apache-meecrowave/src/main/java/com/baeldung/meecrowave/Server.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.baeldung.meecrowave;
+
+import org.apache.meecrowave.Meecrowave;
+
+public class Server {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        final Meecrowave.Builder builder = new Meecrowave.Builder();
+        builder.setScanningPackageIncludes("com.baeldung.meecrowave");
+        builder.setJaxrsMapping("/api/*");
+        builder.setJsonpPrettify(true);
+
+        try (Meecrowave meecrowave = new Meecrowave(builder)) {
+            meecrowave.bake().await();
+        }
+    }
+}

apache-meecrowave/src/test/java/com/baeldung/meecrowave/ArticleEndpointsTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package com.baeldung.meecrowave;
+
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import org.apache.meecrowave.Meecrowave;
+import org.apache.meecrowave.junit.MonoMeecrowave;
+import org.apache.meecrowave.testing.ConfigurationInject;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
+import okhttp3.Request;
+import okhttp3.Response;
+
+@RunWith(MonoMeecrowave.Runner.class)
+public class ArticleEndpointsTest {
+    
+    @ConfigurationInject
+    private Meecrowave.Builder config;
+    private static OkHttpClient client;
+    
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static void setup() {
+        client = new OkHttpClient();
+    }
+    
+   @Test
+    public void whenRetunedArticle_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
+        final String base = "http://localhost:"+config.getHttpPort();
+        
+        Request request = new Request.Builder()
+          .url(base+"/article")
+          .build();
+        Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
+        assertEquals(200,  response.code());
+    }
+}

apache-solrj/src/test/java/com/baeldung/solrjava/SolrJavaLiveTest.java

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import org.apache.solr.common.SolrDocumentList;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
-public class SolrJavaIntegrationTest {
+public class SolrJavaLiveTest {
 
     private SolrJavaIntegration solrJavaIntegration;
 

aws-lambda/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+### Relevant Articles: 
+- [Using AWS Lambda with API Gateway](http://www.baeldung.com/aws-lambda-api-gateway)
+- [Introduction to AWS Serverless Application Model](http://www.baeldung.com/aws-serverless)

core-java-8/src/main/java/com/baeldung/datetime/AddHoursToDate.java

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package com.baeldung.datetime;
+
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
+import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.time.DateUtils;
+
+public class AddHoursToDate {
+
+    public Date addHoursToJavaUtilDate(Date date, int hours) {
+        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
+        calendar.setTime(date);
+        calendar.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, hours);
+        return calendar.getTime();
+    }
+
+    public Date addHoursToDateUsingInstant(Date date, int hours) {
+        return Date.from(date.toInstant()
+            .plus(Duration.ofHours(hours)));
+    }
+
+    public LocalDateTime addHoursToLocalDateTime(LocalDateTime localDateTime, int hours) {
+        return localDateTime.plusHours(hours);
+    }
+
+    public LocalDateTime subtractHoursToLocalDateTime(LocalDateTime localDateTime, int hours) {
+        return localDateTime.minusHours(hours);
+    }
+
+    public ZonedDateTime addHoursToZonedDateTime(ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime, int hours) {
+        return zonedDateTime.plusHours(hours);
+    }
+
+    public ZonedDateTime subtractHoursToZonedDateTime(ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime, int hours) {
+        return zonedDateTime.minusHours(hours);
+    }
+
+    public Instant addHoursToInstant(Instant instant, int hours) {
+        return instant.plus(hours, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
+    }
+
+    public Instant subtractHoursToInstant(Instant instant, int hours) {
+        return instant.minus(hours, ChronoUnit.HOURS);
+    }
+
+    public Date addHoursWithApacheCommons(Date date, int hours) {
+        return DateUtils.addHours(date, hours);
+    }
+}

core-java-8/src/test/java/com/baeldung/datetime/AddHoursToDateUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package com.baeldung.datetime;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.time.Month;
+import java.time.ZoneId;
+import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class AddHoursToDateUnitTest {
+
+    private final AddHoursToDate addHoursToDateObj = new AddHoursToDate();
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenJavaUtilDate_whenPositiveHours_thenAddHours() {
+        Date actualDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 5, 0).getTime();
+        Date expectedDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 7, 0).getTime();
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursToJavaUtilDate(actualDate, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedDate);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenJavaUtilDate_whenNegativeHours_thenMinusHours() {
+        Date actualDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 5, 0).getTime();
+        Date expectedDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 3, 0).getTime();
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursToJavaUtilDate(actualDate, -2)).isEqualTo(expectedDate);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenJavaUtilDate_whenUsingToInstantAndPostiveHours_thenAddHours() {
+        Date actualDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 5, 0).getTime();
+        Date expectedDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 7, 0).getTime();
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursToDateUsingInstant(actualDate, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedDate);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenJavaUtilDate_whenUsingToInstantAndNegativeHours_thenAddHours() {
+        Date actualDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 5, 0).getTime();
+        Date expectedDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 3, 0).getTime();
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursToDateUsingInstant(actualDate, -2)).isEqualTo(expectedDate);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenLocalDateTime_whenUsingAddHoursToLocalDateTime_thenAddHours() {
+        LocalDateTime actualDateTime = LocalDateTime.of(2018, Month.JUNE, 25, 5, 0);
+        LocalDateTime expectedDateTime = LocalDateTime.of(2018, Month.JUNE, 25, 7, 0);
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursToLocalDateTime(actualDateTime, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedDateTime);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenLocalDateTime_whenUsingMinusHoursToLocalDateTime_thenMinusHours() {
+        LocalDateTime actualDateTime = LocalDateTime.of(2018, Month.JUNE, 25, 5, 0);
+        LocalDateTime expectedDateTime = LocalDateTime.of(2018, Month.JUNE, 25, 3, 0);
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.subtractHoursToLocalDateTime(actualDateTime, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedDateTime);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenZonedDateTime_whenUsingAddHoursToZonedDateTime_thenAddHours() {
+        ZonedDateTime actualZonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.of(LocalDateTime.of(2018, Month.JUNE, 25, 5, 0), ZoneId.systemDefault());
+        ZonedDateTime expectedZonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.of(LocalDateTime.of(2018, Month.JUNE, 25, 7, 0), ZoneId.systemDefault());
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursToZonedDateTime(actualZonedDateTime, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedZonedDateTime);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenZonedDateTime_whenUsingMinusHoursToZonedDateTime_thenMinusHours() {
+        ZonedDateTime actualZonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.of(LocalDateTime.of(2018, Month.JUNE, 25, 5, 0), ZoneId.systemDefault());
+        ZonedDateTime expectedZonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.of(LocalDateTime.of(2018, Month.JUNE, 25, 3, 0), ZoneId.systemDefault());
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.subtractHoursToZonedDateTime(actualZonedDateTime, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedZonedDateTime);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenJavaUtilDate_whenUsingPositiveHrsAndAddHoursWithApacheCommons_thenAddHours() {
+        Date actualDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 5, 0).getTime();
+        Date expectedDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 7, 0).getTime();
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursWithApacheCommons(actualDate, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedDate);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenJavaUtilDate_whenUsingNegativeHrsAndAddHoursWithApacheCommons_thenMinusHours() {
+        Date actualDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 7, 0).getTime();
+        Date expectedDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, Calendar.JUNE, 25, 5, 0).getTime();
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursWithApacheCommons(actualDate, -2)).isEqualTo(expectedDate);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInstant_whenUsingAddHoursToInstant_thenAddHours() {
+        Instant actualValue = Instant.parse("2018-06-25T05:12:35Z");
+        Instant expectedValue = Instant.parse("2018-06-25T07:12:35Z");
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.addHoursToInstant(actualValue, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedValue);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInstant_whenUsingSubtractHoursToInstant_thenMinusHours() {
+        Instant actualValue = Instant.parse("2018-06-25T07:12:35Z");
+        Instant expectedValue = Instant.parse("2018-06-25T05:12:35Z");
+
+        assertThat(addHoursToDateObj.subtractHoursToInstant(actualValue, 2)).isEqualTo(expectedValue);
+    }
+
+}

core-java/README.md

@@ -166,3 +166,4 @@
 - [Convert a String to Title Case](http://www.baeldung.com/java-string-title-case)
 - [How to Get the File Extension of a File in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-file-extension)
 - [Immutable Objects in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-immutable-object)
+- [Console I/O in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-console-input-output)

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/encrypt/FileEncrypterDecrypter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package com.baeldung.encrypt;
+
+import javax.crypto.*;
+import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
+import java.io.*;
+import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
+import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+
+class FileEncrypterDecrypter {
+
+    private SecretKey secretKey;
+    private Cipher cipher;
+
+    FileEncrypterDecrypter(SecretKey secretKey, String cipher) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        this.secretKey = secretKey;
+        this.cipher = Cipher.getInstance(cipher);
+    }
+
+    void encrypt(String content, String fileName) throws InvalidKeyException, IOException {
+        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
+        byte[] iv = cipher.getIV();
+
+        try (
+                FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
+                CipherOutputStream cipherOut = new CipherOutputStream(fileOut, cipher)
+        ) {
+            fileOut.write(iv);
+            cipherOut.write(content.getBytes());
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    String decrypt(String fileName) throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, InvalidKeyException, IOException {
+
+        String content;
+
+        try (FileInputStream fileIn = new FileInputStream(fileName)) {
+            byte[] fileIv = new byte[16];
+            fileIn.read(fileIv);
+            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, new IvParameterSpec(fileIv));
+
+            try (
+                    CipherInputStream cipherIn = new CipherInputStream(fileIn, cipher);
+                    InputStreamReader inputReader = new InputStreamReader(cipherIn);
+                    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(inputReader)
+                ) {
+
+                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+                String line;
+                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
+                    sb.append(line);
+                }
+                content = sb.toString();
+            }
+
+        }
+        return content;
+    }
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/Arithmetic.java

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class Arithmetic {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Arithmetic.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        try {
+            int result = 30 / 0; // Trying to divide by zero
+        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("ArithmeticException caught!");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/ArrayIndexOutOfBounds.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class ArrayIndexOutOfBounds {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ArrayIndexOutOfBounds.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        int[] nums = new int[] { 1, 2, 3 };
+
+        try {
+            int numFromNegativeIndex = nums[-1]; // Trying to access at negative index
+            int numFromGreaterIndex = nums[4]; // Trying to access at greater index
+            int numFromLengthIndex = nums[3]; // Trying to access at index equal to size of the array
+        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException caught");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/ClassCast.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+class Animal {
+
+}
+
+class Dog extends Animal {
+
+}
+
+class Lion extends Animal {
+
+}
+
+public class ClassCast {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ClassCast.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        try {
+            Animal animalOne = new Dog(); // At runtime the instance is dog
+            Dog bruno = (Dog) animalOne; // Downcasting
+
+            Animal animalTwo = new Lion(); // At runtime the instance is animal
+            Dog tommy = (Dog) animalTwo; // Downcasting
+        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("ClassCastException caught!");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/FileNotFound.java

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.FileReader;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class FileNotFound {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FileNotFound.class);
+    
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        
+        BufferedReader reader = null;
+        try {
+            reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File("/invalid/file/location")));
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("FileNotFoundException caught!");
+        }
+    }
+    
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/GlobalExceptionHandler.java

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        Handler globalExceptionHandler = new Handler();
+        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(globalExceptionHandler);
+        new GlobalExceptionHandler().performArithmeticOperation(10, 0);
+    }
+
+    public int performArithmeticOperation(int num1, int num2) {
+        return num1/num2;
+    }
+
+}
+
+class Handler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Handler.class);
+
+    public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e) {
+        LOGGER.info("Unhandled exception caught!");
+    }
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/IllegalArgument.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class IllegalArgument {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IllegalArgument.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        try {
+            Thread.sleep(-1000);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("IllegalArgumentException caught!");
+        }
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/IllegalState.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class IllegalState {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IllegalState.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        List<Integer> intList = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            intList.add(i);
+        }
+
+        Iterator<Integer> intListIterator = intList.iterator(); // Initialized with index at -1
+
+        try {
+            intListIterator.remove(); // IllegalStateException
+        } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("IllegalStateException caught!");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/InterruptedExceptionExample.java

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+class ChildThread extends Thread {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ChildThread.class);
+
+    public void run() {
+        try {
+            Thread.sleep(1000);
+        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("InterruptedException caught!");
+        }
+    }
+    
+}
+
+public class InterruptedExceptionExample {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
+        ChildThread childThread = new ChildThread();
+        childThread.start();
+        childThread.interrupt();
+    }
+    
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/MalformedURL.java

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import java.net.MalformedURLException;
+import java.net.URL;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class MalformedURL {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MalformedURL.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        URL baeldungURL = null;
+
+        try {
+            baeldungURL = new URL("malformedurl");
+        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("MalformedURLException caught!");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/NullPointer.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class NullPointer {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NullPointer.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        Person personObj = null;
+
+        try {
+            String name = personObj.personName; // Accessing the field of a null object
+            personObj.personName = "Jon Doe"; // Modifying the field of a null object
+        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("NullPointerException caught!");
+        }
+
+    }
+}
+
+class Person {
+
+    public String personName;
+
+    public String getPersonName() {
+        return personName;
+    }
+
+    public void setPersonName(String personName) {
+        this.personName = personName;
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/NumberFormat.java

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class NumberFormat {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NumberFormat.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        String str1 = "100ABCD";
+
+        try {
+            int x = Integer.parseInt(str1); // Converting string with inappropriate format
+            int y = Integer.valueOf(str1);
+        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("NumberFormatException caught!");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/ParseExceptionExample.java

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import java.text.DateFormat;
+import java.text.ParseException;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class ParseExceptionExample {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ParseExceptionExample.class);
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("MM, dd, yyyy");
+
+        try {
+            format.parse("01, , 2010");
+        } catch (ParseException e) {
+            LOGGER.error("ParseException caught!");
+        }
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/StringIndexOutOfBounds.java

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class StringIndexOutOfBounds {
+
+    private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StringIndexOutOfBounds.class);
+    
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        String str = "Hello World";
+
+        try {
+            char charAtNegativeIndex = str.charAt(-1); // Trying to access at negative index
+            char charAtLengthIndex = str.charAt(11); // Trying to access at index equal to size of the string
+        } catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+           LOGGER.error("StringIndexOutOfBoundsException caught");
+        }
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/gregorian/calendar/GregorianCalendarExample.java

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package com.baeldung.gregorian.calendar;
+
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
+
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException;
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory;
+import javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar;
+
+public class GregorianCalendarExample {
+
+   
+    public Date setMonth(GregorianCalendar calendar, int amount) {
+        calendar.set(Calendar.MONTH, amount);
+        return calendar.getTime();
+    }
+
+   
+    public Date rollAdd(GregorianCalendar calendar, int amount) {
+        calendar.roll(GregorianCalendar.MONTH, amount);
+        return calendar.getTime();
+    }
+
+    public  boolean isLeapYearExample(int year) {
+        GregorianCalendar cal = (GregorianCalendar) GregorianCalendar.getInstance();
+        return cal.isLeapYear(year);
+    }
+
+
+
+    public Date subtractDays(GregorianCalendar calendar, int daysToSubtract) {
+        GregorianCalendar cal = calendar;
+        cal.add(Calendar.DATE, -daysToSubtract);
+        return cal.getTime();
+    }
+
+    public Date addDays(GregorianCalendar calendar, int daysToAdd) {
+        GregorianCalendar cal = calendar;
+        cal.add(Calendar.DATE, daysToAdd);
+        return cal.getTime();
+    }
+
+    public XMLGregorianCalendar toXMLGregorianCalendar(GregorianCalendar calendar) throws DatatypeConfigurationException {
+        DatatypeFactory datatypeFactory = DatatypeFactory.newInstance();
+        return datatypeFactory.newXMLGregorianCalendar(calendar);
+    }
+
+    public Date toDate(XMLGregorianCalendar calendar) {
+        return calendar.toGregorianCalendar()
+            .getTime();
+    }
+
+    public int compareDates(GregorianCalendar firstDate, GregorianCalendar secondDate) {
+        return firstDate.compareTo(secondDate);
+    }
+
+    public String formatDate(GregorianCalendar calendar) {
+        return calendar.toZonedDateTime()
+            .format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("d MMM uuuu"));
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/encrypt/FileEncrypterDecrypterIntegrationTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.baeldung.encrypt;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
+import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
+import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
+import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
+
+public class FileEncrypterDecrypterIntegrationTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenStringAndFilename_whenEncryptingIntoFile_andDecryptingFileAgain_thenOriginalStringIsReturned() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IOException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
+        String originalContent = "foobar";
+        SecretKey secretKey = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES").generateKey();
+
+        FileEncrypterDecrypter fileEncrypterDecrypter = new FileEncrypterDecrypter(secretKey, "AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
+        fileEncrypterDecrypter.encrypt(originalContent, "baz.enc");
+
+        String decryptedContent = fileEncrypterDecrypter.decrypt("baz.enc");
+        assertThat(decryptedContent, is(originalContent));
+
+        new File("baz.enc").delete(); // cleanup
+    }
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/exceptions/GlobalExceptionHandlerUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package com.baeldung.exceptions;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Captor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.Level;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.Logger;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ILoggingEvent;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.LoggingEvent;
+import ch.qos.logback.core.Appender;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+
+@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
+public class GlobalExceptionHandlerUnitTest {
+
+    @Mock
+    private Appender<ILoggingEvent> mockAppender;
+
+    @Captor
+    private ArgumentCaptor<LoggingEvent> captorLoggingEvent;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        final Logger logger = (Logger) LoggerFactory.getLogger(Logger.ROOT_LOGGER_NAME);
+        logger.addAppender(mockAppender);
+
+        Handler globalExceptionHandler = new Handler();
+        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(globalExceptionHandler);
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void teardown() {
+        final Logger logger = (Logger) LoggerFactory.getLogger(Logger.ROOT_LOGGER_NAME);
+        logger.detachAppender(mockAppender);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenArithmeticException_thenUseUncaughtExceptionHandler() throws InterruptedException {
+
+        Thread globalExceptionHandlerThread = new Thread() {
+            public void run() {
+                GlobalExceptionHandler globalExceptionHandlerObj = new GlobalExceptionHandler();
+                globalExceptionHandlerObj.performArithmeticOperation(99, 0);
+            }
+        };
+
+        globalExceptionHandlerThread.start();
+        globalExceptionHandlerThread.join();
+
+        verify(mockAppender).doAppend(captorLoggingEvent.capture());
+        LoggingEvent loggingEvent = captorLoggingEvent.getValue();
+
+        assertThat(loggingEvent.getLevel()).isEqualTo(Level.INFO);
+        assertThat(loggingEvent.getFormattedMessage()).isEqualTo("Unhandled exception caught!");
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/gregorian/calendar/GregorianCalendarTester.java

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+package com.baeldung.gregorian.calendar;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+
+import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
+
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException;
+import javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeFactory;
+import javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import com.baeldung.gregorian.calendar.GregorianCalendarExample;
+
+public class GregorianCalendarTester {
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_Calendar_Return_Type_Valid() {
+        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
+        assert ("gregory".equals(calendar.getCalendarType()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_Calendar_Return_Type_InValid() {
+        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
+        assertNotEquals("gregorys", calendar.getCalendarType());
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = ClassCastException.class)
+    public void test_Class_Cast_Exception() {
+        TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+9:00");
+        Locale loc = new Locale("ja", "JP", "JP");
+        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance(loc);
+        GregorianCalendar gc = (GregorianCalendar) calendar;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_Getting_Calendar_information() {
+        GregorianCalendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 5, 28);
+        assertTrue(false == calendar.isLeapYear(calendar.YEAR));
+        assertTrue(52 == calendar.getWeeksInWeekYear());
+        assertTrue(2018 == calendar.getWeekYear());
+        assertTrue(30 == calendar.getActualMaximum(calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
+        assertTrue(1 == calendar.getActualMinimum(calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
+        assertTrue(1 == calendar.getGreatestMinimum(calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
+        assertTrue(28 == calendar.getLeastMaximum(calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
+        assertTrue(31 == calendar.getMaximum(calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
+        assertTrue(1 == calendar.getMinimum(calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
+        assertTrue(52 == calendar.getWeeksInWeekYear());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_Compare_Date_FirstDate_Greater_SecondDate() {
+        GregorianCalendar firstDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar secondDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 5, 28);
+        assertTrue(1 == firstDate.compareTo(secondDate));
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_Compare_Date_FirstDate_Smaller_SecondDate() {
+        GregorianCalendar firstDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 5, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar secondDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        assertTrue(-1 == firstDate.compareTo(secondDate));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_Compare_Date_Both_Dates_Equal() {
+        GregorianCalendar firstDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar secondDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        assertTrue(0 == firstDate.compareTo(secondDate));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_date_format() {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        GregorianCalendar calendar = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        assertEquals("28 Jul 2018", calendarDemo.formatDate(calendar));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_dateFormatdMMMuuuu() {
+        String expectedDate = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28).toZonedDateTime()
+            .format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("d MMM uuuu"));
+        assertEquals("28 Jul 2018", expectedDate);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_addDays() {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        GregorianCalendar calendarActual = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        calendarExpected.add(Calendar.DATE, 1);
+        Date expectedDate = calendarExpected.getTime();
+        assertEquals(expectedDate, calendarDemo.addDays(calendarActual, 1));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_whenAddOneDay_thenMonthIsChanged() {
+        final int finalDay1 = 1;
+        final int finalMonthJul = 6; 
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 5, 30);
+        calendarExpected.add(Calendar.DATE, 1);
+        System.out.println(calendarExpected.getTime());
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.DATE), finalDay1);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.MONTH), finalMonthJul);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_whenSubtractOneDay_thenMonthIsChanged() {
+        final int finalDay31 = 31;
+        final int finalMonthMay = 4; 
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 5, 1);
+        calendarExpected.add(Calendar.DATE, -1);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.DATE), finalDay31);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.MONTH), finalMonthMay);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_subDays() {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        GregorianCalendar calendarActual = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        calendarExpected.add(Calendar.DATE, -1);
+        Date expectedDate = calendarExpected.getTime();
+        assertEquals(expectedDate, calendarDemo.subtractDays(calendarActual, 1));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_rollAdd() {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        GregorianCalendar calendarActual = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        calendarExpected.roll(Calendar.MONTH, 8);
+        Date expectedDate = calendarExpected.getTime();
+        assertEquals(expectedDate, calendarDemo.rollAdd(calendarActual, 8));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_whenRollUpOneMonth_thenYearIsUnchanged() {
+        final int rolledUpMonthJuly = 7, orginalYear2018 = 2018;
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        calendarExpected.roll(Calendar.MONTH, 1);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.MONTH), rolledUpMonthJuly);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.YEAR), orginalYear2018);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_whenRollDownOneMonth_thenYearIsUnchanged() {
+        final int rolledDownMonthJune = 5, orginalYear2018 = 2018;
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        calendarExpected.roll(Calendar.MONTH, -1);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.MONTH), rolledDownMonthJune);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.YEAR), orginalYear2018);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_rollSubtract() {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        GregorianCalendar calendarActual = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        calendarExpected.roll(Calendar.MONTH, -8);
+        Date expectedDate = calendarExpected.getTime();
+        assertEquals(expectedDate, calendarDemo.rollAdd(calendarActual, -8));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_setMonth() {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        GregorianCalendar calendarActual = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        calendarExpected.set(Calendar.MONTH, 3);
+        Date expectedDate = calendarExpected.getTime();
+        assertEquals(expectedDate, calendarDemo.setMonth(calendarActual, 3));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_setMonthApril() {
+        final int setMonthApril = 3, orginalYear2018 = 2018, originalDate28 = 28;
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        calendarExpected.set(Calendar.MONTH, 3);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.MONTH), setMonthApril);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.YEAR), orginalYear2018);
+        assertEquals(calendarExpected.get(Calendar.DATE), originalDate28);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_toXMLGregorianCalendar() throws DatatypeConfigurationException {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        DatatypeFactory datatypeFactory = DatatypeFactory.newInstance();
+        GregorianCalendar calendarActual = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        GregorianCalendar calendarExpected = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        XMLGregorianCalendar expectedXMLGregorianCalendar = datatypeFactory
+            .newXMLGregorianCalendar(calendarExpected);
+        assertEquals(expectedXMLGregorianCalendar, 
+            calendarDemo.toXMLGregorianCalendar(calendarActual));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_isLeapYear_True() {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        assertEquals(true, calendarDemo.isLeapYearExample(2016));
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void test_isLeapYear_False() {
+        GregorianCalendarExample calendarDemo = new GregorianCalendarExample();
+        assertEquals(false, calendarDemo.isLeapYearExample(2018));
+
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void test_toDate() throws DatatypeConfigurationException {
+        GregorianCalendar calendarActual = new GregorianCalendar(2018, 6, 28);
+        DatatypeFactory datatypeFactory = DatatypeFactory.newInstance();
+        XMLGregorianCalendar expectedXMLGregorianCalendar = datatypeFactory
+            .newXMLGregorianCalendar(calendarActual);
+        expectedXMLGregorianCalendar.toGregorianCalendar().getTime();
+        assertEquals(calendarActual.getTime(), 
+            expectedXMLGregorianCalendar.toGregorianCalendar().getTime() );
+    }
+}